臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗目的在探討哺乳仔豬脂肪活性的發展，以及離乳仔豬餵飼脫脂乳粉與大豆粕為主之蛋白質來源時，對脂肪活性的影響。哺乳期間脂肪活性的測定時間，分別為初生、7、14、21和28日齡。離乳仔豬方面，飼糧處理分別為大豆粕組、脫脂乳粉組和混合組，分別於離乳後第5、10和15天，測定其活性的變化。試驗結果顯示，哺乳階段時，仔豬的胃黏膜重、胰臟重、體重、胃脂肪比活性與總活性以及胰脂肪比活性與總活性的發展均隨日齡增加而增加，但胃脂肪的比活性於仔豬3週齡以後和胰脂肪總活性於出生至2週齡期間的發展較為緩慢。離乳階段時，仔豬的生長性狀，大豆粕組在離乳後第0至5天期間，隻日增重和飼料利用效率顯著較其它兩組飼料者低(p<0.05)，但第5至10天或第10至15天期間之隻日增重、隻日採食量及飼料利用效率，三組飼料間均無顯著差異 (p>0.05)。胃脂肪比活性及總活性和胰脂肪的比活性及總活性，三組飼料在離乳後第5天、第10天及第15天亦無顯著差異(p>0.05)，但胰脂肪的比活性在離乳後最初10天較離乳時低，胃脂肪的比活性則不會因離乳而發生下降，胰脂肪的總活性於離乳第10天以後，顯著較離乳時高(p<0.05)。因此，由以上結果顯示，以大豆粕餵飼離乳仔豬，僅於離乳初期對其生長有短暫的影響，至於其胃脂肪和胰脂肪的
活性與脫脂乳粉者並無差異。

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the developmentof gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase of nursing piglets, and to compare the feeding of different protein sources on the activities of gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase of piglets after weaning. During nursing period, lipase activity was measured on the birth , 7, 14, 21and 28 days of age. For the postweaning period, piglets were fed three treatmental diets which contained soybean meal , dried skim milk and mixed group with 1/2 soybean meal and 1/2 dried skim milk . The activity of lipase was detected on the 0, 5 ,10 and 15 days after weaning. The results showed that gastric mucosa weight , pancreas weight , body weight , specific activity of gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase, the total activity of gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase were increased following the age of piglets. The development on the specific activity of gastric lipase became slowly after 3 weeks of age on nursing piglets, and the similar phenomenon was observed for the total activity of pancreatic lipase from birth to 2 weeks of age. In postweaning period, the growth performance of piglets fed diet containing soybean meal was significantly lower on weight gain and
feed efficiency than those fed diets containing dried skim milk or mixed protein in postweaning day 0 to 5 (p<0.05), but there were no significantly different in weight gain , feed intake and feed efficiency among the three treatmental diets from 5 to 15 days after weaning (p>0.05). The specific activity of gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase , the total activity of gastric
lipase and pancreatic lipase were not significantly different among the dietary treatments at 5, 10 and 15 days after weaning, but the specific activity of pancreatic lipase for 10 days postweaning was lower than 0 day after weaning and gastric lipase was not affected by weaning. The total activity of pancreatic lipase was increased significantly on day 10 after weaning . In conclusion, postweaning piglets fed on diet containing soybean meal have short term influence on the growth performance, and protein sources do not have any effect on lipase activity.

Ⅰ、摘要-------------------------------------------- 1
Ⅱ、前言-------------------------------------------- 2
Ⅲ、文獻檢討---------------------------------------- 3
一、 消化道脂肪之沿革--------------------------- 3
二、 脂肪的分泌與調節--------------------------- 4
（一） 胃脂肪--------------------------------- 4
（二） 胰脂肪--------------------------------- 6
三、 脂肪的重要理化性質------------------------- 7
（一） 胃脂肪--------------------------------- 7
（二） 胰脂肪--------------------------------- 8
四、 影響仔豬利用脂肪之因素----------------------- 9
（一） 哺乳期間--------------------------------- 9
1. 初乳----------------------------------- 9
2. 吮乳量--------------------------------- 10
3. 內泌素--------------------------------- 10
4. 母豬的採食量--------------------------- 11
5. 教槽----------------------------------- 12
6. 日齡----------------------------------- 13
（二） 保育期----------------------------------- 13
1. 離乳----------------------------------- 13
2. 離乳後天數----------------------------- 14
3. 飼糧----------------------------------- 15
4. 其它----------------------------------- 17
五、 影響脂肪活性的因子------------------------- 17
（一）輔脂肪------------------------------- 17
（二）乳化物--------------------------------- 19
（三）pH值----------------------------------- 20
（四）飼糧----------------------------------- 21
1.脂肪----------------------------------- 21
2.礦物質--------------------------------- 23
3.碳水化合物----------------------------- 23
4.蛋白質--------------------------------- 24
Ⅳ、試驗部份---------------------------------------- 25
材料方法---------------------------------------- 25
一、 試驗動物及飼養管理--------------------------- 25
二、 試驗處理------------------------------------- 26
三、 屠宰及樣品之製備----------------------------- 28
（一） 屠宰及採樣-------------------------------- 28
（二） 樣品之均質-------------------------------- 29
（三） 上清液之製備------------------------------ 29
四、測定項目及分析方法--------------------------- 30
五、統計分析------------------------------------- 34
結果與討論-------------------------------------- 35
一、 哺乳仔豬胃黏膜重、胰臟重和體重的發展-------- 35
二、 哺乳仔豬胃脂肪的比活性與總活性的發展------ 38
三、 哺乳仔豬胰脂肪的比活性與總活性的發展------ 42
四、 蛋白質來源與離乳天數對離乳仔豬生長性狀
之影響-------------------------------------- 46
五、 蛋白質來源與離乳天數對離乳仔豬胃黏膜重
、胰臟重和體重的影響------------------------ 53
六、 蛋白質來源與離乳天數對離乳仔豬胃脂肪
的比活性與總活性的影響---------------------- 54
七、 蛋白質來源與離乳天數對離乳仔豬胰脂肪
的比活性與總活性的影響---------------------- 57
Ⅴ、結論-------------------------------------------- 60
Ⅵ、參考文獻---------------------------------------- 61
Ⅶ、英文摘要---------------------------------------- 71
Ⅷ、附錄-------------------------------------------- 73
Ⅸ、作者小傳---------------------------------------- 75
表次
表 1. 試驗飼糧組成------------------------------------------------------ 33
表 2. 哺乳仔豬胃黏膜重、胰臟重以及體重之發展--------------- 37
表 3. 蛋白質來源對離乳第0天至第5天仔豬生長性狀之
影響------------------------------------------------------------------ 48
表 4. 蛋白質來源對離乳第5天至第10天仔豬生長性狀之
影響------------------------------------------------------------------ 49
表 5. 蛋白質來源對離乳第10天至第15天仔豬生長性狀
之影響--------------------------------------------------------------- 50
表 6. 蛋白質來源與離乳後天數對胃黏膜重、胰臟重和體
重變化之影響--------------------------------------------------- 51
表 7. 蛋白質來源與離乳後天數對仔豬胃脂肪比活性與
總活性之影響-------------------------------------------------------- 56
表 8. 蛋白質來源與離乳後天數對仔豬胰脂肪比活性與
總活性之影響------------------------------------------------------ 59
圖次
圖1. 哺乳仔豬胃脂肪比活性之發展-------------------------------- 40
圖2. 哺乳仔豬胃脂肪總活性之發展-------------------------------- 41
圖3. 哺乳仔豬胰脂肪之比活性之發展----------------------------- 44
圖4. 哺乳仔豬胰脂肪總活性之發展-------------------------------- 45

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