臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主旨在探討臺灣杉(Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.)花芽生長之物候學。研究之對象為1966年建立之臺灣杉營養系種子園，在已開花結實之林木上架設光量子感測器(quantum sensor，LI-COR)，溫溼度計(temperature-humidity sensor，ESCORTJR)，及自製之溫度感測器(thermocouple)，配合資料記錄器(LI-1000，LI-COR)，自1998年9月1日至1999年5月1日蒐集每小時之微氣象資料。另觀察對應時段花芽形態及解剖性狀之變化，以建立花芽之發育、綻放與環境因子關係之模式。研究結果顯示，臺灣杉樹冠之溫度分佈會因為白天、夜晚、天氣狀況及季節變化而有所不同。以空間統計GS+軟體所估算之等溫線圖，會因為不同之氣候狀況而有不同之估算效果，但估值之變動趨勢是正確的。夜晚之估算效果較白天佳，陰天較雨天佳，弱光照時比強光照時佳。無論雄毬花或雌毬花，其長度、直徑、乾重、數量及鱗片張開之時間於樹冠之四方位均有顯著差別，其與累積光量及累積溫量有關。不同時期雄毬花之長度與直徑比均約為1.2，雌毬花均約為2，可作為發育初期鑑別二者之理想指標。雌毬花春天恢復生長時乃先抽長主軸而後為增大直徑。雌毬花未成熟之脫落率隨著發育日數的增加而緩慢上升，可能為彼此競爭有限資源之結果，使留存者獲得所需資源而繼續發育。雄毬花於3月初曾大量脫落，與當時之溼度過高有關。雌毬花於8月下旬始生，11月初進入休眠期，4月初恢復生長，珠鱗展開接受花粉，之後即成閉合狀。雄毬花之分化在8月中旬之前，11月初芽鱗開展露出數個雄毬，未發現有明顯之休眠現象，3月底雄毬主軸急速伸長，進入授粉期，唯無花粉之生產。雄毬花之乾重生長曲線方程式為Y=0.0000011296X+0.009324（Y為乾重，X為自10月31日起之熱量和）。雌毬花冷激之推估門檻溫度在14℃以下，然後累積熱量到4月初果鱗張開，本研究也試推估冷激需求量及熱量和。

The Phenological Research on Reproductive Growth of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the phenology on reproductive growth of a tree in a clonal orchard of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. which was set in 1966. The phenological model was tried to monitor the microweather changes with setting sensors of light quantum, relative humidity, and thermocouple on various positions around the crown and observe morphological and anatomic changes of reproductive buds of corresponding positions from September 1st, 1998 to May 1st, 1999. The results show that the changes of temperature around the crown was different from the time, weathers and seasons. The estimation of temperature by spatial statistics software (GS+) was influence by the weather conditions. The estimation at night was better than in day, cloudy day was better than rainy day, and low light intensity was better than high light intensity. All the length, diameter, dry weight, amount and the timing of scale open of male and female strobili located at different aspects of crown were different significantly, and may be related to the accumulation of radiation and temperature. The length/diameter ratio of male strobilus in different developmental stages was 1.2, and that of female strobilus was 2 which could be an ideal index for identifying these two. The large ratio of male strobilus dropped in early March, 1999, maybe relate to the high air humidity. The female strobilus differentiated in the end of August, lay dormancy in the initial of November, recovered growth in early April, and opened scales to accept pollens then closed. The male strobilus differentiated before the middle of August, and elongated the axis fast in the end of March, but no pollen was produced. Dormancy of male strobilus didn’t appear with 2-week internal observation. The growth equation of male strobilus was Y=0.0000011296X+0.009324, where Y was the dry weight, and X was the heat sum from October 31, 1998 to date of scale open. The predicated threshold temperature of chilling of female strobilus was below 14℃. After satisfying chilling requirement in early February, heat (degree-hr) was accumulated to open scales until early April.

臺灣杉花芽生長之物候學研究
The Phenological Research of Reproductive Growth of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.
目錄
摘要-----------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
Abstract-------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
表次-----------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
圖次-----------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
壹、 前言-----------------------------------------------1
貳、 前人研究-------------------------------------------2
參、 試驗材料及方法------------------------------------10
肆、 結果與討論----------------------------------------20
伍、 結論----------------------------------------------66
陸、 參考文獻------------------------------------------68
柒、 附錄----------------------------------------------74

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