叢枝菌根菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; AMF）應用於塊根作物之相關研究，目前在國內外文獻中尚屬少見，本論文即針對此主題進行一系列之試驗，所使用的材料為塊根作物中的大理花（dahlia,Dahlia pinnata Cav.），介質採用蛭石、珍珠石與泥炭土混合之無土介質，接種方法皆採用於穴格中央接種適量之孢子土（內含菌絲片段、孢子、玉米菌根段及砂），試驗結果得知：接種叢枝菌根菌可提高插穗存活率、植株及塊根鮮重及提早開花，並可促進根部生長及發育，植株反應亦受環境因子之影響，在溫度的影響上，30/25℃之高溫環境下可促進植株的節間生長及提早開花，15/13℃之低溫環境下可促進植株的塊根發育與分枝數，而大理花植株適合生長的溫度在20/15℃。15 ppm 的GA3濃度，可促進植株節間生長，及提早開花，但會抑制塊根形成。15 ppm 的ABA和NAA濃度、5 ppm 的BA及300 ppm的益收生長素濃度，可顯著的促進塊根之生長，但是會抑制花芽之形成。紅光下可促進植株鮮重，藍光則可促進植株的株高、葉片數和根數。藉由叢枝菌根之共生效益，可以使大理花植株提高扦插苗之存活率、促進小苗生長、增加植株開花數及提早開花。溫度、光質、植物生長調節劑及叢枝菌根菌在大理花的形態形成過程中扮演著重要的角色。

The inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）to dahlia''Dahlia pinnata Cav.'' a tuberous root of crop, was intensively studied. The plant materials were inoculated with AMF（inoculum contained hyphae, spores, mycorrhizal root section and sand）in the mixture of perlite, vermiculite and peat growth medium during seeding in plugs. AMF showed various degrees of promotion in survival percentage, fresh weight, root growth and tuberous root formation. The environmental factors affected plant growth. The temperature of 30/25℃ promoted the growth of plant internode and early flowering, While 15/13℃promoted tuberous root development and shoot growth. The optimum temperature for dahlia plant growth was 20/15℃. 15 ppm of GA3 promoted the growth of internode and early flowering, but inhibited tuberous root formation. While 15 ppm of ABA or NAA, 5 ppm of BA, 300 ppm of ethephon significantly promoted tuberous root growth, but the flower buds were inhibited. Red light promoted plant fresh weight, while blue light promoted plant height, leaf number and root number. The benefits of the arbuscular mycorrhizal associations included the increase of cutting survival rate, improvement of plant growth, increase of flower numbers, and enhancement of earlier flowering of dahlia. Thus, temperature, light quality and plant growth regulator might play an important role in some morphogenetic processes of dahlia.

論文中文摘要……………………………………………………….……..…..1
論文英文摘要…………………………………………………………….……2
第一部份 前人研究
一、 前言………………………………………………………………………5
二、 台灣內生菌目及繡球菌目之分類簡史及形態…………………………6
三、 叢枝菌根菌與根圈微生物之交互作用………………………………..12
四、 大理花植株性狀與花器之構造……………………………………..…14
五、 環境因子對大理花植株開花之影響………………………………..…15
六、 結論…………………………………………………………………..…18
七、 參考文獻……………………………………………………………..…20
第二部份 溫度及叢枝菌根對大理花植株生長與塊根發育之影響
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………..…27
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………..…28
一、 前言…………………………………………………………………..…29
二、 材料與方法…………………………………………………………..…30
三、 結果…………………………………………………………………..…33
四、 討論…………………………………………………………………..…35
五、 圖表………………………………………………..……………………39
六、 參考文獻…………………………………………..……………………50
第三部份 植物生長調節劑、光質及叢枝菌根對大理花植株生長與塊根發
育之影響
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………..55
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………..56
一、 前言……………………………………………………………………..58
二、 材料與方法……………………………………………………………..59
三、 結果……………………………………………………………………..61
四、 討論…………………………………………………………………..…64
五、圖表………………………………………………..……………………69
五、 參考文獻…………………………………………..……………………82
第四部份 大理花接種叢枝菌根菌之菌根SEM形態觀察
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………..…87
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………..…88
一、前言…………………………………………………………………..…90
二、材料與方法…………………………………………………………..…92
三、結果與討論…………………………………………………………..…93
四、圖示……………………………………………………………………..95
五、參考文獻………………………………………………………………..99

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