傳統類比電路以電壓式運算放大器為設計重點，近年來電流式放大器亦成為電路設計趨勢之一。利用電流式放大器比電壓式放大器具有更多優點，如電路簡單、較精確、頻寬較佳、動態範圍較大......等等。本論文著眼於使用電流式放大器的新型類比濾波器設計，特別是泛用二階濾波器的合成。三種常見的電流式放大器分別是電流傳輸器(CC)、電流追隨器(CF)、與電流回授放大器(CFA)。處理電流訊號的泛用二階濾波器具有單端輸入和三端輸出的電路架構，而處理電壓訊號的泛用二階濾波器具有三端輸入和單端輸出的電路架構。
所提出的新型濾波器電路具有下列優點：(i)不須改變電路架構或更換被動元件，即可同時實現高通、低通、帶通、帶拒與全通等五種濾波函數；(ii)具有與品質因數無關的甚低主動與被動靈敏度；(iii)濾波器特性參數由被動元件控制且不須任何元件匹配條件。
本論文之探討重點在於不影響電路特性要求下，如何減少主動與被動元件的數目，以便將來製成積體電路時可大幅縮小晶片面積。另一方面，設計時考量積體電路製程限制，被動元件儘可能選擇接地。
新型濾波器電路的精確性均經由PSPICE模擬與實驗驗證無誤。

This dissertation focuses on the design of universal biquadratic filters using current-mode amplifiers such as current conveyors (CCs), current followers (CFs) and current-feedback amplifiers (CFAs). The proposed current-mode universal filters are based on circuit structures with single-input terminal and three-output terminals (SITO). On the other hand, the proposed voltage-mode universal filters are based on circuit structures with three-input terminals and single-output terminal (TISO).
The presented configurations provide the following advantages: (i) The highpass, bandpass, lowpass, notch and allpass filtering functions can be realized without changing circuit topology and elements. (ii) The active and passive sensitivities of the new filters are extremely low and are independent of quality factors. (iii) There are no component-matching conditions needed for the new universal filters.
The main aim of this thesis would be less number of active and passive elements required for the new universal filters. To minimize the number of active elements as well as passive elements will significantly reduce the chip area of the integrated circuits. In addition, the passive elements, resistors and capacitors, are chosen to be grounded in order to fabricate the integrated circuits.
PSPICE Simulation and experimental results that confirm the theoretical analysis are obtained for the proposed universal filters.

COVER
CONTENT
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 Thesis Organization
Chapter 2 Current-mode Amplifier
2.1 Current Conveyor(CC)
2.2 Current-Feedback Amplifier(CFA)
2.3 Current Follower(CF)
2.4 Other Current-mode Amplifiers
Chapter 3 New Universal Filter Employing Three Followers
3.1 Design Concept
3.2 Current-mode universal biquad filters
3.3 Voltage-mode universal biquad filters
3.4 Sensitivity Analysis
3.5 Simulation Results
3.6 Discussion
Chapter 4 New Universal Filters Using Two Followers
4.1 Design Concept
4.2 Circuit Description
4.3 Sensitivity Analysis
4.4 Simulation Results
4.5 Discussion
Chapter 5 New Voltage-Mode Filters Using Two Current Conveyors
5.1 Desing Concept
5.2 Circuit Description
5.3 Sensitivity Analysis
5.4 Simulation Results
5.5 Discussion
Chapter 6 NewInsensitive Multifunction Filters Using One Current-Feedback Amplifier
6.1 Design Concept
6.2 Circuit Description
6.3 Sensitivity Analysis
6.4 Simulation Results
6.5 Discussion
CHpater 7 Cascadable nth-order Fiter Using (n-1) Current-Feedback Amplifiers
7.1 Design Concept
7.2 Realization of nth-order Series Impedance Function
7.3 Application to Filters
7.4 Experimental Results
7.5 Discussion
Chapter 8 Conclusion
References

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