臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為瞭解大台北地區黴菌的流行病學，針對患有皮膚疾病之犬貓、無皮膚疾病之犬貓、患有外耳道炎與趾間炎之犬隻進行黴菌流行率的調查。在西元1998年四月到1999年三月間，收集到387隻患有皮膚病的犬隻病例、50隻無皮膚病的犬隻、10隻患皮膚病的貓、33隻無皮膚病的貓、70隻患有外耳道炎的犬隻以及9隻患有趾間炎的犬隻。
研究結果顯示，疾病組犬隻所得到的黴菌陽性分離率為100％，而皮膚表面的黴菌流行率以Malassezia pachydermatis最高 (57.9%)，其次為Penicillium spp (24.5%)、Microsporum canis (21.4%)、Trichophyton mentagrophyte (16.8%)、Cladosporum spp (15.0%) 及其它黴菌。對照組犬隻之皮膚表面黴菌流行率以Penicillium spp最高 (26%)，其次為M. pachydermatis (16%)、M. canis (12%)、Cladosporum spp (8%)、T. mentagrophyte (6%) 及其它黴菌。疾病組貓皮膚表面之黴菌流行率以M. canis最高 (40%)，而對照組則以Penicillium spp最高 (27.2%)，其次為M. canis (18.2%)。外耳炎犬隻耳道內則以M. pachydermatis之流行率最高 (84.3%)，趾間炎犬隻之黴菌流行率則以M. pachydermatis (77.7%) 與Penicillium spp (77.7%) 最高。Trichophyton mentagrophyte與M. pachydermatis在六月到八月之夏季的流行率較高，但不同年齡、性別、季節、相對濕度對於黴菌之流行率並沒有顯著的影響。而針對103株M. pachydermatis進行抗黴菌藥物敏感試驗，ketoconazole與econazole皆有良好的效果。

Three hundreds and eighty-seven dogs with skin diseases, fifty dogs without skin disorders, ten cats with skin diseases, thirty-three cats without skin disorders, seventy dogs with otitis externa, and nine dogs with interdigititis during April 1998 and March 1999 were studied for the epidemiology of the fungi on dogs and cats skin in Taipei area.
All diseased group (100%) yielded positive culture of fungi. The results revealed that the most common fungi on the dogs skin with skin lesions were Malassezia pachydermatis (57.9%), Penicillium spp (24.5%), Microsporum canis (21.4%), Trichophyton mentagrophyte (16.8%), and Cladosporum spp (15.0%). The most common fungi on the dogs skin without skin disorders were Penicillium spp (26%), M. pachydermatis (16%), M. canis (12%), Cladosporum spp (8%), and T. mentagrophyte (6%). The main fungi on the cats skin were M. canis (40%) with skin lesions, and Penicillium spp (27.2%) and M. canis (18.2%) without skin disorders. The dogs with otitis externa yielded high prevalence of M. pachydermatis (84.3%), and with interdigititis yielded high prevalence of M. pachydermatis (77.7%) and Penicillium spp (77.7%). Prevalences of T. mentagrophyte and M. pachydermatis were higher in summer. However, no significant differences of prevalence of dermatophytes nor yeasts were found between different age, sex, seasons, and relative humidity. Malassezia pachydermatis, in this study, were susceptible to ketoconazole and econazole.

第一章 緒言……………………………………………………………….1
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………4
第一節 皮膚黴菌學…………………………………………….5
第二節 皮膚黴菌感染之實驗室診斷方法…………………...9
第三節 犬貓體表之皮膚真菌………………………………..15
第四節 犬貓體表之Malassesia………………………………24
第五節 體表黴菌感染之治療及抗黴菌藥物敏感試驗……31
第三章 材料與方法…………………………………………………….35
第一節 材料……………………………………………………36
第二節 實驗方法與步驟……………………………………..38
第三節 統計分析方法………………………………………..42
第四章 結果……………………………………………………………..43
第一節 實驗對象之基本資料………………………………..44
第二節 疾病組犬貓之臨床呈相、皮膚病變及分佈情形…..46
第三節 黴菌分離之結果及其流行率……………………….47
第四節 不同種類黴菌所引起之臨床症狀及分佈區域……50
第五節 抗黴菌藥物敏感試驗………………………………..51
目錄 (續)
頁次
第五章 討論……………………………………………………………..84
第一節 研究對象之基本資料及臨床呈相………………….85
第二節 黴菌的流行率調查…………………………………..90
第三節 黴菌之抗黴菌藥物敏感試驗……………………….96
附錄……………………………………………………………………….99
參考文獻………………………………………………………………..102

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