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研究生:李萬萱
研究生(外文):Lee Wab-Hsuan
論文名稱:向上敲擊豬的牙齒及牙周韌帶之力量傳導分析
論文名稱(外文):Analysis of the Transduction of Lifting Force on Tooth and Periodontal Ligament of Pig
指導教授:王若松王若松引用關係
指導教授(外文):Wang Juo-Song
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:臨床牙醫學研究所
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:牙醫學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:1999
畢業學年度:87
語文別:中文
論文頁數:114
中文關鍵詞:牙周膜牙周韌帶應變測計阻尼比
外文關鍵詞:periodontal membraneperiodontal ligamentstrain gaugedamping ratio
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由文獻回顧得知牙周膜內的流體系統與牙周韌帶皆對力量之支撐、傳導及阻滯共同發揮相當之功效;而且施力之速率也對力量之傳導發生重大的影響。在前期實驗對施力的研究中,發現Corona牙冠移除器具有較大的輸出力量及較短的作用時間,而且施力特性皆會經由牙冠傳導至牙根。因此牙周膜如何過濾這些力量是我們所欲瞭解的。
本實驗延續前期使用應變測計實驗方式,但改採豬下顎作為實驗樣本。利用金屬牙橋體將第一大臼齒及第四小臼齒並聯一起,作為施力模型。在牙橋體背面以及在牙冠表面與附有牙周膜之牙根部位極薄骨質表面分別貼上應變計。使用之移除器包含Corona牙冠移除器、手敲牙冠移除器及自製氣動施力器,分別敲擊5~7次,分析各觀察點之應變波形表現。
在前導實驗中,我們衡量不同施力方式,牙冠及牙根的頰、舌側,與牙周膜在最大應變量以及起始時間延遲的差異。由迴歸模式( Regression )可知,牙冠及牙根上最大應變量並沒有太大差異,但是牙根較與牙冠起始時間延遲約0.049 msec。有牙周膜牙齒較於去除牙周膜牙齒可承受較大應變約0.19V,但起始時間延遲方面二者卻沒有明顯差異。大小臼齒之牙周膜結構具有不同的機械性質。傳統手敲和Corona牙冠移除系統造成牙齒應變差異並不大,但二者起始時間延遲卻沒有明顯差異。
各自變數以多因子變異數分析(MANOVA)檢定,並以二因子變異數分析比較各變數間差異。
1. 由於施力側在頰側,其結果顯示不論有無牙周膜或不論何種施力方式,牙冠應變反應皆是舌側大於頰側;牙根應變反應皆是頰側大於舌側。而在頰側,牙根應變量大於牙冠應變量;在舌側,牙冠應變量大於牙根應變量。因此牙齒受力時似乎是繞著旋轉中心轉動。
2. 使用Corona移除器之應變量大於傳統式手敲牙冠移除器。
3. 力量穿過牙周膜在骨質所造成之應變大於去除牙周膜及骨質在裸露牙根上所顯現的應變。
在主實驗中,利用波形分析及能量觀點研究牙周膜發揮阻滯之效果,以及與牙齒受力大小之關係。施力大小與波形參數之複回歸分析方面:整體而言,F檢定達顯著水準。自變項的個別迴歸係數t 檢定,只有牙根最大應變量具有顯著性。波形參數與不同力量設定輸出值之差異性方面:隨施力大小增加,施力比率幾乎完全正相關,起始時間延遲不隨力量改變而有顯著性差別。當力量漸增時,牙根最大應變遞增,自然頻率漸降,而等效阻尼比表現卻是先上升後下降。似乎牙周膜存在有最佳阻尼比,應介於施力在1~6kgw內。

In previous studies, it was found that Corona prosthesis remover produced a stronger but shorter acting force than conventional prosthesis remover. And forces characteristics were transducted from crown to root portion of the tooth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the filtering effect of periodontal membrane to different characteristics of lifting forces.
Pig mandible with metal bar splinted between 4th premolar and 1st molar were used as experimental model. Strain gauges were attached on dorsal surface of metal bar, enamel surfaces of crown portion and the thinning bony surfaces of the root portions. Corona flex 2005, conventional and a customized air-driving prosthesis remover were used as lifting force producers 5 to 7 trials were repeated at each setting. Maximum strains were measured at different locations. The results were then analyzed by multiway and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the influences of different forces and removers, different locations on the teeth and the existence of periodontal membrane. It was found:
1. If the lifting force was applied on buccal side there is higher maximum strain at lingual side on crown portion; however, higher strain at buccal side on root portion. It was speculated that there was a rotation center located closed to cervical portion of the teeth during force application.
2. Significant higher force was produced by Corona flex 2005 prosthesis remover than conventional prosthesis remover.
3. The force transduction through periodontal membrane was evident, because the measured strain on thinning bony surface of the root was significantly higher than the strain measured on bared root surface.
In main study, the force profiles at buccal root portion of 1st molar were analyzed to evaluate the resistance of the periodontal membrane to force transduction. The relationships between the magnitude of the applied forces and four parameters of the resultant wave profiles including onset delay, maximum strain, vibration frequency of the root and damping ratio were analyzed by regression analysis. It was found that the onset delay was not affected by force magnitude applied. However, as applied force increased the measured maximum strain on the root also increased, but the vibration frequency decreased. The damping ratio seemed increased first, then decreased as the applying force gradually increased. It was speculated that there existed an optimal damping ratio for the teeth between 1 to 6 kgw of loading.

第一章、前言1
第二章、文獻回顧
2.1移除牙冠的方法 2
2.2牙周組織對牙齒的支持作用3
2.3牙周組織所表現的機械特性6
2.4牙周膜機械性刺激接受器反應9
2.5黏彈性阻尼器的力學理論 17
第三章、研究動機及目的
3.1研究動機21
3.2研究目的23
3.3預期成果24
第四章、前導實驗
4.1實驗動機 25
4.2實驗目的 25
4.3材料與方法 26
4.3.1材料 26
4.3.2施力模型之製作 27
4.3.3施力器 28
4.3.4儀器連接 28
4.3.5實驗步驟 29
4.3.6資料擷取 30
4.3.7統計分析 31
4.4實驗結果 32
4.4.1波形特性之描述 32
4.4.2應變計的校正 33
4.4.3不同時間間隔下敲擊試驗 33
4.4.4牙冠牙根上最大應變量之迴歸方程分析34
4.4.5牙冠牙根上起始時間延遲之迴歸方程分析36
4.4.6牙冠牙根上最大應變量之多變異數分析37
4.4.7牙冠牙根上最大應變量之各個變數間比較38
4.4.8牙周膜厚度 44
4.5討論 44
4.5.1清除前次實驗干擾之費時試驗 44
4.5.2最大應變量及起始時間延遲之迴歸預測45
4.5.3最大應變量變異數分析 46
第五章、主實驗之材料與方法
5.1實驗動機 49
5.2實驗目的 50
5.3材料與方法 50
5.3.1材料 50
5.3.2施力模型之製作50
5.3.3施力器 50
5.3.4實驗步驟 51
5.3.5儀器連接 51
5.3.6資料擷取 52
5.3.7統計分析 54
第六章、主實驗之結果
6.1不同施力大小與波形參數之迴歸方程分析55
6.2波形參數與不同力量大小之趨勢性 56
6.2.1施力大小與施力比率之關係 56
6.2.2施力大小與起始時間延遲之關係 56
6.2.3施力大小與最大應變量之關係 57
6.2.4施力大小與振動頻率之關係 57
6.2.5施力大小與等效阻尼比之關係 57
6.3波形參數與不同力量設定輸出值之差異性58
6.3.1三施力設定輸出值與施力大小之關係58
6.3.2三施力設定輸出值與施力比率之關係59
6.3.3三施力設定輸出值與起始時間延遲之關係59
6.3.4三施力設定輸出值與最大應變量之關係59
6.3.5三施力設定輸出值與振動頻率之關係60
6.3.6三施力設定輸出值與等效阻尼比之關係60
第七章、討論
7.1牙齒受力後力量傳導之分析61
7.2黏彈性材料之分析 62
7.3實驗模型 65
7.4實驗方法 68
7.5實驗儀器 70
7.6統計方法 72
7.7實驗結果 73
7.8未來發展 80
第八章、結論82
參考文獻 85
圖表附錄 90

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