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研究生:李晉任
研究生(外文):Chin-jen Li
論文名稱:前置時間可變動下最適存貨策略之研究
論文名稱(外文):The Study of Optimal Stock Strategy Under Changeable Lead Time
指導教授:潘昭賢潘昭賢引用關係
指導教授(外文):Chao-hsiew Pan
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣科技大學
系所名稱:管理研究所工業管理學程
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:其他商業及管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:1999
畢業學年度:87
語文別:中文
論文頁數:78
中文關鍵詞:存貨管理前置時間欠撥銷售損失服務水準
外文關鍵詞:inventory managementlead timebackorderslost salesservice level
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:3
  • 點閱點閱:331
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  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
縮短前置時間可以使企業減少期望存貨成本、提高服務水準、降低缺貨率、對市場需求反應更快、及更具競爭力,但是相對的,必須付出較高的趕工成本;相反的,若前置時間較長,則安全存量勢必需增加,同時也增加期望存貨成本與缺貨率。因此,如何在此二者之間取得一平衡點,進而求出使期望總成本為最低的最適存貨策略,即為本論文探討的核心。
本論文的目的為提出一個以前置時間與訂購量為決策變數,同時考慮趕工的固定成本與變動成本,探討缺貨現象發生時,缺貨數量允許部份欠撥(backorders)、部份銷售損失(lost sales)的混合存貨模型,推導出使期望總成本為最小的最適訂購量與最適前置時間。
本論文共提出四個存貨管理的數學模型。模型首先假設前置時間內需求量服從常態分配,同時考慮期望訂購成本、期望持有成本、期望缺貨成本及趕工成本,推導出使全年期望總成本最小化的最適存貨策略;接著,放寬前置時間內需求量服從常態分配的假設,討論前置時間內需求量的機率分配未知時的最適存貨策略。由於在實際的問題當中,正確的估計缺貨成本並不容易,因此,許多學者都以服務水準(service level)限制來取代目標函數中的缺貨成本。基於此原因,我們試著將前述的兩個模型中的缺貨成本項以服務水準限制式取代;此處的服務水準限制式是指每一週期的缺貨率不超過某一設定的百分比,分別推導出於服務水準限制下,需求量的機率分配為常態分配與未知時的最適存貨策略。
中文摘要............................................Ⅰ
誌謝................................................Ⅱ
目錄................................................Ⅲ
圖表索引............................................Ⅴ
第一章 緒論........................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機..................................1
1.2 研究目的........................................4
1.3 研究範圍與限制..................................5
1.4 研究架構與流程..................................7
第二章 文獻探討.....................................10
2.1 前言............................................10
2.2 前置時間........................................10
2.3 欠撥與銷售損失之相關研究........................15
第三章 考慮欠撥與銷售損失的存貨模式.................19
3.1 前言............................................19
3.2 符號說明........................................20
3.3 需求服從常態分配的最適前置時間及最適訂購量......21
3.3.1 模型的建立....................................22
3.3.2 範例..........................................27
3.4 需求的機率分配未知時之最適前置時間及最適訂購量..31
3.4.1 模型的建立....................................32
3.4.2 範例..........................................37
3.5 綜合討論........................................38
第四章 考慮服務水準之最適存貨策略...................42
4.1 前言............................................42
4.2 需求服從常態分配下存貨策略......................43
4.2.1 模型的建立....................................43
4.2.2 範例..........................................47
4.3 需求的機率分配未知時之存貨策略..................49
4.3.1 模型的建立....................................50
4.3.2 範例..........................................54
4.4 綜合討論........................................56
第五章 結論與建議...................................59
5.1 結論............................................59
5.2 後續研究建議....................................62
參考文獻............................................63
附錄一 演算法一之程式碼............................68
附錄二 演算法二之程式碼............................70
附錄三 演算法三之程式碼............................72
附錄四 演算法四之程式碼............................74
作者簡介............................................78
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