臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

發電機組的維修排程計畫，將隨著電業之自由化，愈趨複雜且重要。同時，這幾年來台灣地區經濟快速成長，使得用電量急遽增加，加上能源短缺及環保意識抬頭，使得電廠的興建受到阻力，致使備轉容量明顯低於20％。有鑑於此，如何能以現有的發電機組供給用戶可靠的電力，實屬重要。因此，有必要研擬一套可行之維修排程規劃方式，以利運用。發電機組維修排程在系統運轉規劃中扮演著一重要的角色。發電機維修排程主要目的乃在於能獲得最大備轉容量與最低發電成本情況下，求得各發電機組之維修順序與時間。本論文將擬定維修排程計畫，並以均化備轉率為目標函數，考量實際系統的限制條件，如檢修間隔、人力限制、電力平衡等。雖然在以往的研究中，已有許多方法使用在此問題上，例如，動態規劃法、整數規劃法及支界法等，但是由於這些方法所需的求解時間會隨機組數的增加呈指數關係成長，因此都比較適合於小規模系統上使用。在本論文中，我們提出派翠網路（Petri Net）模型，來求解機組的維修排程問題。派翠網路是一個通用的圖形化塑模工具，已經成功的應用於多方面的分析，與傳統的方法比較，派翠網路不僅可以減少處理時間，更能增加求解的精確性及過程的穩定度。結果顯示，派翠網路對於機組的維修排程問題而言，應不失為一個很好的分析工具。
關鍵詞：
維修排程、派翠網路、均化備轉率。

ABSTRACT
After electric utilities deregulation, maintenance scheduling is likely becoming more complicated and important. Recently, due to the rapid growth of load demand, and the difficulties of generating system expansion, spinning reserve of Taiwan power system now is obviously far below the acceptable level of 20%. How to provide a reliable electric power to the customers has become a more important thing. Therefore, it definitely needs a feasible planning method for maintenance scheduling. The maintenance scheduling plays an important role within the power system operation planning. The main goal of the maintenance scheduling is to figure out the maintenance sequence and the time under the conditions of obtaining the maximum spinning reserve and minimum production cost. In this thesis, the realistic constraints, such as maintenance alternate interval, crew constraints, power balance requirement, etc., are considered. The objective function considered is to levelize the spinning reserve. Although rigorous methods such as dynamic programming, integer programming, and branch and bound method can solve small scale problems, large size problems are beyond these techniques due to an exponential explosion in execution time with the number of generating units. The prime objective of this thesis is to investigate the capability of the Petri Nets in solving the maintenance scheduling problem. Petri Nets are general graphical modeling tools and have been successfully applied to many applications. Compared with other method, the Petri Net can not only reduce the processing time but also increase the accuracy and reliability during the solution process. Results obtained from two sample systems show that the proposed Petri Net method is a good solution method.
Keyword:
Maintenance scheduling, petri net, levelize spinning reserve.

中文摘要I
英文摘要II
致謝IV
目錄V
圖表索引VII
第一章緒論1
1.1研究背景及目的1
1.2研究貢獻5
1.3論文架構5
第二章問題描述與限制條件7
2.1前言7
2.2目標函數7
2.3限制條件9
2.3.1維修原則9
2.3.2規劃之限制條件11
第三章派翠網路14
3.1派翠網路結構理論14
3.3.1派翠網路的基本定義15
3.3.2派翠網路的標記19
3.3.3執行法則20
3.2時間派翠網路21
3.3塑模..22
3.4派翠網路應用實例22
3.4.1故障清除22
3.4.2故障偵測24
3.4.3實例說明25
第四章求解方法26
4.1啟發法26
4.2動態規劃逐次逼近法28
4.3派翠網路法31
4.3.1派翠網路用於維修排程的步驟與模型31
第五章實例分析與模擬結果37
5.1簡單四部機組的測試範例37
5.2台電系統45
5.2.1測試系統介紹45
5.2.2測試方法46
5.2.3測試結果與討論59
第六章結論及未來研究方向69
6-1結論69
6-2未來研究方向70
參考文獻72
作者簡介76

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