臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

聚合反應是人造纖維的製造過程中相當重要的一環，而聚合反應依其機構分為逐步聚合反應與鏈鎖聚合反應。本研究主要針對鏈鎖聚合反應為探討對象，並採用批次式(batch)反應器作為反應的研究方向。聚合反應的控制關係到聚合體的物理性質、聚合的效率以及反應器的安全，而反應器的溫度與壓力關係到聚合反應的成敗與操作現場的工業安全。
本研究以苯乙烯(styrene)自由基溶液為單體聚合，且以偶氮雙異丁氰(AIBN)做為引發劑，配合反應動力學、質量平衡、及一些假設條件，與化學反應器能量平衡方程式為基礎，推導出聚合反應的數學模式，藉由聚合反應系統中一些可測得且已知之狀態參數，利用最佳控制理論去求解最佳值，並且使用最陡梯度法之數值分析方法去模擬與控制，以求得聚合體的數量平均分子量(NMW)、轉化率(conversion)及最小多分散性(polydispersity,PD)等性質，並且能預測及控制反應器的溫度，避免造成聚合反應失敗，以維護操作現場的安全性。

Polymerization reaction is very important in the manufacturing of man-made fiber. It is classified as step polymerization reaction and chain polymerization reaction by mechanism. This thesis is aimed at chain polymerization, and batch polymerization reactor is used. Control of polymerization plays a critical role in the physical properties of polymer, efficiency of the reaction and safety of the reactor. At the same time, temperature and pressure are related to success of polymerization and safety of working space.
This paper is focused on styrene free radical solution and 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile is used as initiator. The mathematical model of polymerization reaction is developed based on the reaction momentum、mass balance, and energy for chemical reactor. The optimal control theory is applied to solve the optimal solution, and the steepest descent method is used for the numerical analysis. The corresponding optimal polymer properties, the number-average molecular, conversion and polydispersity can be obtained.

摘要Ⅰ
AbstractⅢ
目錄Ⅳ
圖表目錄Ⅵ
第一章 緒論1
1.1.前言1
1.2.研究動機3
1.3.文獻回顧3
1.4.研究步驟6
第二章 鏈鎖聚合反應7
2.1.聚苯乙烯之性質7
2.2.聚合體製造法8
2.3.分子量表示法10
2.4.鏈鎖聚合反應13
2.5.假設條件與近似法15
第三章 數學模式的推導18
3.1.聚苯乙烯反應動力學18
3.2.批次式反應器能量平衡方程式25
第四章 最佳控制31
4.1.前言31
4.2.最佳控制一般式32
4.3.最陡梯度法34
4.4.最佳控制求解36
4.5.控制變數之選擇41
第五章 結果與討論46
5.1.數學動態模式46
5.2.模擬結果47
5.3.討論57
第六章 結論與建議59
6.1.結論59
6.2.後續研究60
參考文獻62

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