.Hosker R. P., Jr. and S. E. Lindberg, "Review atmospheric deposition and plant assimilation of gases and particles" Atmospheric environment, 889-910, 1982.
.Chow J. C., Watson J. G., Lowenthal D. H., Solomon P. A., Magliano K., Ziman S., and L. W. Richards, "PM10 source apportionment in California''s san joaquin valley" Atmospheric environment, 3335-3354, 1992.
.Bart Ostro and Lauraine Chestnut. "Assessing the Health Benefits of Reduction Particlate Matter Air Pollution in the United States" Environmental Research, 76, 94-106, 1998.
.Roy M. Harrison, Ji Ping Shi and M.R. Jones, "Continuous measurements of aerosol physical properties in the urban atmosphere" Atmospheric environment 33, 1037-1047, 1999.
.Thomas L. Darlington, Dennis F. Kahlbaum, Jon M. Heuss and George T. Wolff, "Analysis of PM10 Trends in the United States from 1988 through 1995" Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 47, 1070-1078, 1997.
.Y. C. Chan, R. W. Simpson, G. H. Mctainsh, P. D. Vowles, D. D. Cohen and G. M. Bailey, "Characterisation of chemical species in PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols in Brisbane, Australia" Atmospheric environment, 31, 22, 3773-3785, 1997.
.Lidia Morawska, Stephen Thomas, Dale Gilbert, Chris Greenaway and Esther Rijnders, "A study of the horizontal and vertical profile of submicrometer particles in relation to a busy road" Atmospheric environment, 33, 1261-1274, 1999.
.Athanasia Koliadima, Argyro Athanasopoulou and George Karaiskakis "Particulate Matter in Air of the Cities of Athens and Patras (Greece): Particle-Size Distribution and Elemental Concentrations" Aerosol Science and Technology, 28, 292-300, 1998.
.Yaacov M. and Noll K. E., "Characterization of large particles at rural site in the eastern United States: mass distribution and individual particle analysis", Atmospheric envrionment, pp. 622-633, 1985.
.Gillette D. A. and Walker T. R.; "Characteristics of Airborne Particles Produced by Wind Erosion of Sandy Soil, High Plains of West Texas" Soil Sci., 123, 97-110, 1977.
.Lundgren D. A. and Paulus H. Y.; "The Mass Distribution of Large Atmospheric Particles" J. Air Pollut. Control Ass., 25, 1227 - 1231.
.Tang I. N. and H. R. Munkelwitz, "Composition and temperature dependence of deliquescence properties of hygroscopic aerosols" Atmospheric environment, 27, 467, 1993.
.Nordberg G. F., Goyer R. A. and T. W. Clarkson, "Impactor of effects of acid precipitation on toxicity of metlas" Environment health, Persp., 169-180, 1993.
.Roy. M. Harrison, D. J. T. Smith, C. A. Pio and L. M. Castro "Comparative receptor modelling study of airborne particulate pollutants in Birmingham (United Kingcom), Coimba (Portugal) and Lahore (Pakistan)" Atmospheric environment, 31, 3309-3321, 1997.
.Dockery, D. W., Pope, C. A., Xu, X., Spengler, J. D., Ware, J. H., Fay, M. E., Ferris, B. G. and Speizer, F. E. "An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities". New England Journal of Medicine 329, 1573-1759, 1993.
.Lidia Morawska, Neville D. Bofinger, Ladislav Kocis and Alwell Nwankwoala. "Submicrometer and Supermicrometer Particle from Diesel Vehicle Emissions" Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 2033-2042, 1998.
.Lara S. Hughes, Glen R. Cass, Jec Gone, Michael Ames and Ilhan Olmez. "Physical and Chemical Characterization of Atmospheric Ultrafine Particles in the Los Angles Area" Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 1153-1161, 1998.
.Braun Ch., Ackermanu U., Schwartz J., Gnrhm H. P., Rutishauser M. and Wanner H. U. "Air Pollution and Respiratory Symptoms in Preschool Children" Am. Rev. Respir, 145, 42-47, 1992.
.Saskia C. Van Der Zee, Gerard Hoek, Hendrik Harrssema and Bert Brunekreef "Characterization of particulate air pollution in urban and non-urban areas in the Netherlands", Atmospheric environment, 32, 3717-3729, 1998.
.M. Berico, A. Luciani and M. Formignani "Atmospheric Aerosol in an Urban Area-Measurements of TSP and PM10 Standards and Pulmonary Deposition Assessments" Atmospheric Environment, 34, 3659-3665, 1997.
.G. C. K. Lam, D.Y. C. Leung, M. Niewiadomski, S. W. Pang, A. W. F. Lee and P. K. K. Louie, "Street level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and suspended particulate matter in Hong Kong" Atmospheric environment, 33, 1-11, 1999.
Bates, D., "Summary of the colloquium on particulate air pollution and human mortality and morbidity" Inhalation toxicology 7, ix-xiii, 1995.
Brook, J. R., Dann, T. F., Burnett, R. T., "The relationship among TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and inorganic constituents of atmospheric particulate matter at multiple Canadian locations" Journal of air and waste management association 47, 2-19, 1997.
Berg Torunn, Royset Oddvar and Steinnes Eiliv. Trace Elements in Atmospheric Precipitation at Norwegian Background Stations (1989-1990) Measured by ICP-MS. Atmospheric environment 28, 3519-3536, 1994.
Buat-Menard P. "Global change in atmospheric metal cycles" In Global Atmospheric Chemical Change, 1993, 271-311, Elsevier Amsterdam
Pacyna J. M. "Atmospheric trace elements from natural and anthropogenic sources" In toxic metals in the atmosphere, 1986, 33-52, Wiley and sons, New York.
Nriagu J. O. and Pacyna J. M. "Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water and soils by reace metals" Nature, 33, 134-135, 1988.
WHO (World Health Organization) Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, WHO Regional Office for Europe, WHO Regional Publications, European Series 1987, No. 23 Copenhagen
Hans Van Malderen, Stefaan Hoornaert and Rene Van Grieken "Identification of individual aerosol particles containing Cr, Pb and Zn above the North Sea", Environ. Sci. Technol 30, 489-498, 1996.
E. Meszaros, T. Barcza, A. Gelencser, J. Hlavay, Gy. Kiss, Z. Krivacsy, A. Molnar and K. Polyak "Size distributions of inorganic and organic species in the atmospheric aerosol in Hungary", J. Aerosol Sci., 7, 1163-1175, 1997.
E. D. Pellizzari, C. A. Clayton, C. E. Rodes, R. E. Mason and L. L. Piper "Particulate matter and manganese exposures in Toronto, Canada" Atmospheric environment 33, 721-734, 1999.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Sw Research Institute, U. Minnesota, Research Triangle Institute, Ethyl Research and Development, 1997. Characterization of Manganese Particulates from Vehicles using MMT Fuel, Final Report, Ethyl Corp., Richmond, VA.
Chow J. C., "Measurement methods to determined compliance with ambient air quality standards for suspended particles" Air & Waste Manage. Assoc., 320-382, 1995.
Ch. Monn, O. Braendli, G. Schaeppi, Ch. Schindler, U. Ackermann-Liebrich, Ph. Leuenberger "Particulate Matter < 10 mm (PM10) and Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) in Urban, Rural and Alpine Air in Switzerland" Atmospheric Environment, 29, 2565-2573, 1995.
Rahn K. A. and Heideman N, Z. "Progress in Arctic air chemistry, 1977-1980. A comparison of the first and second symposium", Atmospheric environment, 15, 1345-1348, 1981.
Rahn K. A. and McCaffrey R. J. "On the origin and transport of the winter Arctic aerosol. In Aerosols: Anthropogenic and natural sources and transport. Ann. N.Y., Acad. Sci., 338, 486-503, 1980.
Ghio, A. J., Stonehuerner, J., Prithchard, R. J., Piantadosi, C. A., Quigley, D. R., Dreher, K. L.and Costa, D. L. Inhalation Toxicol., 8, 479-494, 1996.
Dreher, K. L., Jaskot, R. H., Lehmann, J. R., Richards, J. H., McGee, J. K., Ghio, A. J. and Costa, D. L. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 50, 285-305, 1997.
WHO (Regional Office for Europe), Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, Copenhagen, 1989.
Ruhling A., Rasmussen L., Pilegaard K., Makinen A. and E. Steinnes, "Survey of atmospheric heavy metal deposition", Report prepared fir the steering body for environmental monitoring, the Nordic Council of ministers, NORD, 1-44, 1987.
Nriagu, J. O., Pacyna, J. M. Nature, 333, 134-139, 1988.
Seinfeld J. H., John Wiely and Sons., "Atmospheric chemistry and physics of air pollution", 23-25, 1986.
Spengler J. D., Brauer M., Koutrakis P., "Acid air and health", Environment Science & Technology, 24, 7, pp. 946-956, 1990.
Kirkitsos, P. D. and Sikiotis, D. "Chemical composition of the NH3-HNO3-H2SO4-NaCl system in the atmosphere of Athens, Greece." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 28, 61-81, 1993.
Tanner R. L., Leaderer B. P., Spengler J. D. "Acidity of atmospheric aerosols." Environment Science & Technology, vol. 15, 10, 1150-1153, 1981.
Wyzga R. E. Health effects of acid aerosols. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 85, 177-188, 1995.
Plagiannakos T. P., Parker J. "An assessment of air pollution effects on human health in Ontario" Energy Economics Section, Economics and Forecasts Division, Ontrario Hydro: Toronto, File No. 706.01, 1988.
Raizenne M. E., Franklin C. A., Spengler J. D. and Stern B. "Acute lung-function responses to ambient acid aerosol exposures in children" Environ. Health Perspect. 79, Iss. Feb., 179-185, 1989.
Matrin A. E. "Mortality and morbidity statistics and air pollution" Proc. R. Soc. Med, 57, 969-975, 1964.
Zemba S. G., "Wet sulfate and nitrate deposition patterns in Eastern North American" Atmospheric envrionment, 2751-2761, 1988.
Munger J. W. and D. J. Jacob, "Fogwater chemistry in an urban atmosphere" J. Geophysical Res, 5109-5121, 1983.
Al-Momani I. F., Ataman O. Y., Anwari M. A., Tuncel S., Kose C. and F. Tunel, "Chemical composition of precipitation near an industrial area at Izmir, Turkey" Atmospheric environment, 1131-1143, 1995.
Pope, C. A.; Thun, M. J.; Namboodira, M.; Dockery, D. W.; Evans, J.; Speizer, F. E.; Heath Jr., C. W. "Particulate air pollution as predict of mortality in a proepective study of U. S. adults," Am. J. Resp. Care Medicine, 151, 1995.
Dockery, D. W. and Pope, C. A. "Acute respiration effects of particulate air pollution", Annual Reviews of Public Health 15, 1994.
許蕙琳,大氣中多環芳香烴化合物之粒徑分布及乾沈降研究,博士論文,國立成功大學環境工程研究所,1996.M. Vakeva, K. Hameri, M. Kulmala, R. Lahdes, J. Ruuskanen and T. Laitinen. "Street level versus rooftop concentrations of submicron aerosol particles and gaseous pollutants in an urban street canyon". Atmospheric environment 33, 1385-1397, 1999.
Hoek, G., Forsberg, B., Borowska, M., Hlawiczka, S., Vaskovi, E., Welinder, H., Branis, M., Benes, I., Kotesovec, F., Hagen, L. E., Cyrys, J., Jantunen, M., Roemer, W. and Brunekreef, B. (1997a). Wintertime PM10 and black smoke concentrations across Europe: result from the PEACE study. Atmospheric environment 31, 3609-3622.
Koutrakis P., Wolfson J. M., Spengler J. D. 1988a. An improved method for measuring aerosol strong acidity: Results from a nine-month study in St. Louis, Missouri and Kingston, Tennessee. Atmospheric environment 22, 157-162.
Johnson B. J., Huang S. C., LeCave M. and Porterfield M. "Seasonal trends of nitric acid, particulate nitrate, and particulate sulfate concentrations at a southwestern U.S. mountain site" Atmospheric environment, 28, 6, 1175-1179, 1994.
Hoek, G., Mennen, M. G., Allen, G. A., Hofschreuder, P. and Meulen, T. van der "Concentrations of acidic air pollutants in the Netherlands" Atmospheric environment 30, 3141-3150, 1996.
Gras, J. L., Gillett, R. W., Bentley, S. T., Ayers, G. P. and Firsotne, T. CSIRO-EPA Melbourne Aerosol Study, final report CSIRO, Australia, 1991.
ERDC, Contributions of fuel combustion to pollution by airborne particles in urban and non-urban environments. Energy Research and Development Corporation, Commonwealth of Australia, 1995.
Thurston, G. D. and Spengler, J. D. "A quantitative assessment of source contributions to inhalable matter pollution in metropolitan Boston", atmospheric environment 19, 9-25, 1985.
Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Fujita, E. M., Lu, Z and Lawson, D. R. "Temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol in the Southern California Air quality study" Atmospheric environment 28, 2061-2080, 1994.
Okamoto, S., Kobayashi, K. and Yamada, T. "Characterisation of aerosols in the Kashima area and a source apportionment study" In Sydney clean air congress 1986, 253-262, 1986.
Model 310 Universal Air SamplerTM Instruction Manual (USATM), MSP Corporation, 1313 Fifth Street, S. E. Suite 206 Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55414, 1996.
Rafael Infante and Iris L. Acosta. "Size distribution of trace metals in Ponce, Puerto Rico air particulate matter" Atmospheric environment, 25b, 121-131, 1991.
Rahn, K. A. "The chemical composition of the atmospheric aerosol." Technical Reportm Universit of Rhodeland, 1976
James M. Lyons, Chandra Venkataraman, Hilary Hafner Main, and S. K. Friedlander "Size distributions of trace metals in the Los Angels atmosphere", Atmosphere Environment, 27b, 237-249, 1993.
Dockery. D. W. and Pope, C. A.III. Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annual Review of Public Health, 15, 107-132, 1994.
Ortiz, J. L., Apablaza, N., Campos, C., Zolezzi, S., and Prendez, M. "Tropospheric Aerosols above the Thermal Inversion Layer of Santiago, Chile. Size Distribution of Elemental Concentrations" Atmospheric Environment. 27, 397-399, 1993 .
Migon, C., and Caccia, J.L. "Separation of Anthropogenic and Natural Emission of Particulate Heavy Metals in the Western Mediterranean Atmosphere" Atmospheric. Environment, 24, 399-405, 1990.
Hong Zuang, Chak K. Chan, Ming Fang and Anthony S. Wexler "Size distribution of particulate sufate, nitrate, and ammonium at a coastal site in Hong Kong" Atmospheric environment, 33, 843-853, 1999..
John, W., Wall, S. M., Ondo, J. L., Winklmayr, W., "Modes in the size distributions of atmospheric inorganic aerosol" Atmospheric environment 24A, 2349-2359, 1990.
Veli-Matti Kerminen, Kimmo, Teinila, Risto Hillamo and Tuomo Pakkanen. "Substitution of chloride in sea-salt particles by inorganic and organic anions" Atmospheric environment, 29, 8, 929-942, 1998.
Wall. S. M., John. W., Ondo, J. L., "Measurement of aerosol size distributions for nitrate and major ionic species" Atmospheric environment 22, 1649-1656, 1988.