自從1901年布雷斯發現鋅烯醇陰離子﹐β-酮酯的合成便在有機合成上有很大的應用。其反應中有許多的缺點﹐如α-溴酯必須過量並且伴隨自身偶合的問題。β-胺基-α,β-不飽和酯曾經被報導以鎂烯醇陰離子反應有很不錯的產率﹐而以鋅烯醇陰離子反應﹐以α,α-雙取代基或α-單取代基亦有令人滿意的產率。但在α-位置無取代基時﹐只有一些例子有超過40%的產率﹐在這些例子中﹐其進行實驗的條件非常嚴苛﹐必須將α-溴酯慢慢加入。而且溴酯上羧基取代基隨立體障礙變小而參加。即使如此﹐自身偶合的問題仍不能避免。除此之外﹐其所有反應皆須兩個步驟才能使反應成功。因此﹐我們希望報導以超音波為誘導能量並且一步合成β-胺基-α,β-不飽和酯的合成。

A. 緒論…………………………………………………………1
1. β-胺基酯（酸）之重要性...…………………………….2
2. β-胺基-α，β-不飽和酯之合成方法….…………….14
3. β-胺基酯（酸）之合成方法…..……………………...17
4. 雷福馬斯基和布雷斯反應………………………….....20
B. 結果與討論………………………………………………..24
1. 超音波在有機合成上之應用…………………………24
1A. 超音波的物理與化學現象………………………...24
1B. 一般實驗室使用的超音波裝置……………...……29
2. 金屬活化方法之探討………………………………..…33
3. 超音波誘導布雷斯反應…………………..……………36
3A. 溶劑系統………………………………..…………..36
3B. 活化子………………………………….…………...38
4. 金屬氧化物之研究………………..………………………39
C. 實驗與光譜……………………………………………..46
1. 實驗………………………………..……………………46
1A. 實驗藥劑………………..………………………….46
1B. 實驗儀器與測試方法……..………………………..47
1C. 實驗步驟……………..……………………………..49
D. 結論………………………………………………………..51
E. 參考資料…………………………………………………..52
F. 光譜

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