Aharon; N. and M. Lie berman. (1979). Ethylene as a regulator of senescence in tobacco leaf dises plant Physiol. 64,801-804.
Azum Y. and Watanabc, A. (1991). Evidence for a
senescence-associated gene induced by darkness.
Plant Physiol. 95,577-583.
Bahrami, A. R. and Gray, J. E. (1999). Expression of a proteosome alpha-type subunit gene during tobacco development and senescence. Plant Mol. Biol. 39, 325-333
Bate, N. J.,Rothstein, S. J. and Thompson, J. E.
(1991).Experssion of nuclear and chloroplast photosynthesis-specific genes during leaf senescence. J. Exp. Bot. 42,801-811.
Barry, C. S., Blume, B., Bouzayen, M., Cooper, W., Hannlton, A. J. and Grierson, D. (1996). Differential expression of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase gene family of tomato. Plant J. 9, 525-535.
Becker, W. and Apel, K. (1993). Differences in gene expression between natural and artificially induced leaf senescence. Planta 189, 74-79.
Bernhard, W. and Matile, P. (1994). Differential
expression of glutamine syntherase genes during the senescence of Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves. Plant Sei. 98,7-14.
Blank, A. and Mckeon, T. A. (1991). Experssion the three RNase activities during natural and dark-induced senescence of wheat leaves. Plant Physiol.97,1409-1413.
Boesewinkel, F. D. and Bouman, F. (1995).In Seed Development and Germination. p. 17-18.
Bonghi, C.,Rascio, N., Ramina, A. and Casadoro, G. (1992).Cellulose and polygalacturonase involvement in the abscission of leaf and fruit explants of peach. Plant Mol.Biol. 20, 839-848.
Buchanan- Wollaston, V. (1994). Isolation of cDNA clones for genes that are expressed during leaf senescence in barssica napus. Identification of a gene encoding a senescence-specific metallothionein-like protein. Plant Pyhsiol.105, 839-846.
Buchanan-Wollaston V. and Ainsworth C. (1997). Leaf senescence in Brassica napus : cloning of senescence related genes by subtractive hybridization. Plant Mol.Biol. 33,821-834.
Chen , S. C. G., Cheng, M. C., Chen J., Hwang, L. Y. and Rogers, S. (1990). Organization of the rice chloroplast psa-A-psaB-rps14 gene and the presence of sequence heterogeneity in this gene cluster. Plant Sci. 68, 213-221.
Chonan, N., Kawahara, H., and Matsuda, T., (1977) Changes in ultrastructure during the senescence of leaves in rice plant. Janpan J. Crop Sci.46, 379-386.
Chou, C. M. and Kao, C. H. (1992). Methyl jasmonate, caleium, and leaf senescence in rice. Plant Physiol. 99,1693-1694.
Chubatsu, L. and Meneghini, R. (1993). Metallothionein protects DNA from oxidative damage. Biochem J. 291,193-198.
Clouse, S.D.(1996). Molecular genetie studies confirm the role of brassionsteroids in plant growth and development. Plant j.10,1-8.
Colughoua, A. J., Hillman, J., R., Crewe C. and Bowes, B.G. (1975). An ultrastructural study of the efforts of abscisic and orid on senescence of leaves of radish (Raphanus sativus). Protoplansma 84,205-222.
Davies, K. M. and Grierson, D. (1989), Identification of cDNA clones for tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ) mRNAs that accumulate during fruit ripening and leaf senescence in response to ethylene. Planta 179, 73-80.
De Bellis, L, and Nishimura, M. (1991). Development of enzymes of glyoxylate cycle during senescence of pumpkin cotyledons. Plant Cell Physiol. 32,555-561.
Dodge, J. D. (1970) Changes in chloroplast fine structure during the autumnal senescence of Betual leaves Ann. Bot. 34,817-824.
Drake, R., John, I., Farrell, A., Coope, W., Schuch, W. and Grierson, D. (1996). Isolation and analysis of cDNAs encoding tomato cystenine proteases expressed during leaf senescence. Plant Mot. Biol. 30, 755-767.
Fletcher, R. A. and D. J. Osborne (1965). Regulation of protein synthesis and nucleic and synthesis by gilberellin during leaf senescence. Nature 207, 1176-1177.
Gen, S. and Amasion, R. M. (1995) . Inbibition of leaf senescence by autoregulated production of cytokinin. Science, 270, 1986-1988.
Gan, S. S. and Amaslno, R. M. (1996). Cytokinin in plant senescence: from spary and pray to clone and play. BioEssays 18,557-656.
Gan, S. S., and Amaslno, R. M. (1997).Making sense of senescence, Plant Physiol. 113,313-319.
Genschik, P., Durr,A., and Fleck, J. (1994).
Differential expression of several E2-type ubiquitin carrier protein genes at different developmental stages in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana sylvestris, Mol. Gen. Gent 244,548-556.
Gepstein, S. and K. V. Thimann. (1981). The role of ethylene in the senescence of oat leaves. Plant
Physiol 68,349-354.
Graharm, L A., Leaver, C. J. and Smith, S. M. (1992). Induction of malate synthase gene expression in senescent and detached organs of eucu nber. Plant Cell. 4, 349-357.
Grbic, V. and Bleecker, A. B. (1995). Ethylene regulates the timing of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis, Plant J, 8:595-602.
Griffiths, C. M., Hosken, S. E., Olver, D., Chojecki, J. and Thomas H (1997). Sequencing, expression pattem and RFLP mapping of a senescence-enhanced cDNA from zea mays with high homology to oryzain and aleurain. Plant Mot. Biol. 34,815-821.
Greenberg, J. T. (1996). Programmed cell death: a way of life for plants.Proc. Nath. Acad. Sci. USA 93,12094-12097.
Gut, H. and Matilc, P. (1988). Apparnt induction of key enzymes of the glyoxylic acid cycle in senescent barley leaves. Planta 176, 548-550.
Hanfrey, C., File, M. and Buchanan-Wollaston, V. (1996). Leaf senescence in Brassica napus: expression of genes encording pathogenesis-related proteins.Plant Mot. Biol. 30, 597-609.
Hensel, L., I., Grbic, V., Baumgarten, D. A. and Blecker, A. B. (1993). Developmental and age-related processes that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 5,553-564.
Hernandez-Gil, R. and Schaedle, M. (1973). Functional and structural changes in senescing Populus deltoids chloroplasts. Plant physiol 51, 245-249.
Hurkman, W. J. (1979), Ultrustructural changes of chloroplast in attached and detached, aging primary wheat leaves. Amer. J. Bot. 66,64-70.
Hung, K. T. a.nd Kao. C., h. (1996). Promotive effect of jasmonates on the senescence of detached mazc leaves. J. Plant Grwoth Regul. 19,77-83.
Ikeda, T. and R. Ueda. (1964). Light and electron
microscopical studies on the senescence of chloroplasts in Elodea leaf cells. Bot. Mag. 7,336-341.
Jiang C. Z., Rodermel, S. R. and. Shibles, R. M.
(1993). Phorosynthesis, Rubisco activity and smount, and their regulation by transcription in seneseing soybean leaves. Plant Physiol. 101,105-112.
John, L, Dark, R., Farrell, A., Cooper, W., Lee, P., Horton, P. and Grierson, D. (1995). Delayed leaf senescence in ethylene-deficient ACC-oxidase
antisense tomato plants: molccular and physiological analysis.Plant J. 7,483-490.
John, L., Haeken, R., Cooper, W., Drake, R., Farrell, A. and Grierson, D. (1997). Cloning and
characterization of tomato leaf senescence-related
cDNAs. Plant Mol. Biol. 33,641-651.
Kagi, J. (1991). Overview of metallothionein. Methods Enzymol. 205,613-626.
Kamachi, K., Yamaya, T., Mac. T. and Ojima, K. (1991). A role for glutamine synthetase in the
remobilization of leaf nitrogen during natural
senescence in rice leaves. Plant Physiol. 96,411-417.
Kamachi, K., Yamaya, T., Hayakawa, T., Mae, T., and Ojima, K. (1992). Changes in cytosolic glutamine synthetase
polypeptide and its mRNA in a leaf blade of rice
plants during natural senescence. Plant Physiol. 98,1323-1329.
Kao, C. H. and S. F. Yang (1983). Role of ethyleme in the senescence of detached rice leaves. Plant Physiol. 73,881-885.
Kleber-Janke, T. and Krupinska, K. (1997) Isolation of cDNA clones for genes showing enhanced expression in barley leaves during dark-induced senescence as well as during secescence under field conditions. Planta. 203, 332-340.
Koike, T. (1990). Autumn coloring, photosynthetic
performance and leaf development of deciduous
broad-leaved trees in relation to forest sucession.
Tree Physiol.. 7,21-32.
Langmeier, M., Ginsburg, S. and Ma lie, P. (1993).Chlorophyll breakdown in senescent leaver:
dcmonstration of Mg-dechelatase activity-Physiol.
Plant. 89,347-353.
Lohman, K. N., Oan, E., John, M. C. and Amasino, R. M. (1994). Molecular analysis of natural leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiol, Plant.92,322-328.
Leopold and Nooden, L. D. (1984). Hormonal regulatory systems in plants. In T. K..Scott, eds. Encyelopedia of plant Physiology, Vol. 10. Hormonal Regulation of Development H. ), pp, 4-22.
Lepold, A. C. (1980) aging and senescence in plant development In K. V. Thimann (Eds.), senescence in Plants, pp.1-12. CRC press.
Mae, T., and Ohira, K. (1981). The remobilization of nitrogen related to leaf growth and senescence in rice plants (Oryze sativa L.). Plant Cell Physiol.
22,1067-1074.
Mattoo, A. K. and Aharoni, N. (1988). Ethylene and Plant Senescence. In L. D. Nooden and A. C. Lepold, eds Senescence and Aging in Plants. pp.241-280. Academic Press.
Mohr, H., and Schopfer, P. (1995). Physiology of
senescence. In H. Mohr and P. Schopfer, (Eds.), Platn Physiology (pp. 437-442). Berlin, Springer.
Moss, D. N. (1976). Studies on increasion photosynthesis in crop Hants. In R. H. Burris and C. C. Black, eds. CO2 Metabolism and Plant Productivity. pp. 31-41. Univ. Park Press.
Mur, L. A. J., Kenton, P., and Draper, J (1997). Something in the air: volatile singnals in plant
dfefence. Trends Micorbiol. 5,297-300.
Nam, H. G. (1997). The molecular genetie analysis of leaf senescence. Curr. Opin. Biotech 8, 200-207.
Nooden, L. D. (1988a). The phenomena of senescence and aging. In L.D. Nooden and A. C. Lepold, eds. Senescence and Aging in Plants. pp. 1-50. Academic Press.
Nooden, L. D. (1988b). Abscisic acid, auxin and other regulators of senescence. In L.D. Nooden and A. C. Lepold, eds. Senescence and Aging in Plants. pp. 329-368.
Academic Press.
Nooden, L. D. (1988c). Whole plant senescence. In L. D. Nooden and A. C. Leopold, eds. Senescence and Aging in Plants, pp.391-439.Academic Press.
Nooden, L. D. and Leopold, A. C. (1978). Hormonal control of senescence and abscrission. In D. S. Letham, T. J. Higgins and P. B. Goodwin, eds. Phytohormones and Related Compounds Vol. II. pp.329-369.
Nooden, L. D. and Lethan, D. S. (1993). Cytokinin
metbolism and singnalling in the soybean plant. Aust. J. Plant Physiol, 20:639-653.
Oh, S. A., Lee, S. Y., Chung, L. K., Lee, C. H. and Nam, H. G. (1996). A senescence associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence. Plant Mol. Biol. 30,739-754.
Osborne, D. J. (1967), Hormonal regulation of leaf senescence. Symp. Soc. Exp Biol. 21:179-213.
Pistelli, L., De Bellis, L., and Alpi, A. (1991).
Peroxisomal enzyme activities in attached senescing leaves. Planta 184, 151-153.
Roberts, E. H. (1988). Seed aging:The genome and its expression. In L. D. Nooden and A. C. Leopold, eds. Senescence and Aging in Plants, pp. 465-498.Academic press.
Ryu, B. S., and Wang, X. (1995). Experssion of phospholipase D during castor bean leaf senescence. Plant Physiol. 108,713-719.
Schrader, L. E. (1976). CO2 metabolism and productivity in C3 plants: An assessment. In: R. H. Burris and C. C. Black eds. CO2 metabolism and Plant Productivity. P. 385-396. Univ. Park Press.
Smart. C. M. (1994a). Gene expression during leaf
senescence. New Phytol. 126:419-448.
Smart C. M. (1994b). Tansely review to. 64, Gene
expression during leaf secescence New Phytol. 126, 419-448.
Smart C. M. Hoskin S. E., Thomas, H., Greaves, J. A., Blair, B.G. and Schuch, W. (1995). The timing of maize leaf senescence and characterization of secescence-related cDNAs. Physiol Plant 93,673-682.
Smart, C. M. Scofield, S. R. Bevan, M. W. and. Dyer. T. A. (1991). Detayed leaf senescence in tobacco plants Transformed with me,a gene for cytokinin production in Agrobacterium.The Plant Cell 3,647-656.
Stoddart, J. L. and H. Thomas. (1982). Leaf
Senescence. In: D. Boulter and B.Parthier eds. Encyclopedia Plant Physiol. Vol. 14 pp. 592-626.
Taylor, C. B. Bariola, P. A., Detardayri, S. B. and Raines R. T. (1993).RNS2: asenescence-associated Rnase of Arobidopsis that diverged from the S-Rnases before speciation Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90,5118-5122.
Thomas, H. and Stoddart, J. I., (1980). Leaf
senescence. Ann. Rev. Plant physiol. 31, 83-111.
Van Staden, J., Cook, E., L.& Nooden, L. D.
1988. Cytokinins and senescence. -In Senescence and aging in Plants (L. D. Press, San Diego, CA.ISBN 0-12-520920-7.
Veierskov, B. (1987) Irradiance-dependent senescence of isolated leaves. Physiol. Plant 72,316-320.
Weaver, L. M., Himeblau, E., and Amasion, R. M. (1997). Leaf senescence;gene expression and
regulation. In J. K. Setlow eds. Genetic
Engineering. Vol. 19, Principles and methods
pp.215-234. Plenum Press.
Wilkinson, J. Q., Lanahan, M. B., Yea, H. C., Giovannoni, J. J. and Klec, H.H. (1995). An ethylene -inducible componet of singal transduction encoded by nerver-ripe. Science 270, 1807-1809.
Wittenbach, V. A. (1977), Inducde senescence of intact wheat seedling and its reversibility. Plant physiol 59, 1039-1042.
Woolhouse, H. W. (1984). The biochemistry and
regulation of senescence in chloropasts. Can. J. Bol 62,2934-2942.
Woolhouse, H. W. (1974). Longevity and senescence in plant Sa. Prog. Oxford 61,123-147.
Yoshida, Y. (1961). Nuclear control of choroptast
activity in Elodea leaf cells. Protoplasma 54, 476-
492.
Zacarias, L. and Reid, M. S. (1990). Role of growth regulators in the senescence of Arbbidopsis thalaiana leaves. Physiol. Physiol. 80:549-554.
洪偉屏 (1985),水稻葉片老化之研究,碩士論文,國立台灣大學農藝學研究所。黃義忠 (1999),甘藷葉片老化相關基因的研究,碩士論文,國立陽明大學生物化學研究所。駱邦國 (1994),水稻葉綠體光合作用 PsbK-psbI- psbD-psbC 基因之表現與調控,碩士論文,
國立陽明醫學院生物化學研究所。