臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣位於歐亞板塊與菲律賓板塊的交界，造成地震經常發生。多數的地震是由斷層錯動所造成的。斷層的錯動使得上覆土層破裂，震波也同時經由介質從震央向外傳遞。既然地震會釀成巨大的災變，研究此類的問題對居住於台灣島上的民眾是相當重要的，尤其在九二一大地震之後更突顯問題的重要性。
1995年葛德治博士與Bray發展出一個不連續變形分析之顆粒版程式(DDAD)，這個程式的理論是依據最初Shi所創造出來的不連續變形分析(DDA)。DDAD程式在分析複雜的粒狀材料具有多功能的用途。本論文以DDAD程式作為斷層運動造成上覆土層破裂之數值模擬，方法是在一個由固定邊界及可移動邊界所組成的剛性盒內放置3288顆圓盤來模擬。
數值模擬的結果整理後定出上覆土層因斷層所形成的錯動面的外形與位置。比較本論文的模擬結果，發現跟Lade與Cole在1984年所得的實驗及理論結果近似，評估認為不連續變形分析法應可用於分析斷層的相關問題，本研究並且為斷層運動的模擬建立一個值得參考的模式。

Taiwan is located at a complex juncture between the Eurasian Plate and Philippines Sea Plate which makes for geological characteristics that resulted in a more dynamic dislocation of crusts, so earthquakes occur frequently. Most of earthquakes initiated due to fault movements. The rupture propagation through overlying soil or rock layer is resulted from fault movement, and seismic waves will propagate outward from the epicenter by some medium at the same time. Since earthquake can be catastrophic events, to study this class of problem is very important for people to live in Taiwan, especially after the 21 September 1999 Chi-chi earthquake.
In 1995, Ke and Bray developed a discontinuous deformation analysis code for disks, DDAD, which was initially derived from the discontinuous deformation analysis, DDA, by Shi. DDAD code is a versatile tool for modeling the complex behavior of granular material. In this paper, DDAD code is used to model rupture propagation through overlying soil layer due to fault movement by 3288 disks within a rigid box, which is composed of a fixed boundary and a movable boundary.
Numerical simulation results have been synthesized to define the shape and location of rupture surfaces of overlying soil layer. It is found that our results from numerical simulation are approximate the experimental and theoretical results performed by Lade and Cole in 1984. Hence, our results from numerical simulation suggest that the discontinuous deformation method can be successfully applied to this class of problem, and a desirable mode established to simulation the problem of fault movements in this study.

CHINESE ABSTRACT
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Motivation and Purpose
1.2 Research Approach and Scope
1.3 Thesis Format and Content
2 LITERATURE REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES ON RUPTURE PROPAGATION DUE TO FAULT MOVEMENT
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Influence Factors of Fault Rupture Propagation
2.3 Types of Fault Movement
2.3.1 Trust Faulting
2.3.2 Normal Faulting
2.3.3 Strike-Slip faulting
2.4 Physical Model of Fault Rupture Propagation
2.5 Numerical Model of Fault Rupture Propagation
3 ANALYSIS TOOL — DDAD CODE
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Summary of DDAD method
3.3 Applications and Examples
4 NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SOIL LAYER RUPTURING DUE TO FAULT MOVEMENT
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Numerical Model
4.3 Presentation of analysis Results
4.4 Discussions
5 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Concluding remarks
5.2 Suggestions for Future Research
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A DDAD INPUT DATA

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