臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

建築與語言之間的歷史關係與當今全球化現象所產生的後殖民觀念中建築的危機與契機. 論文中受了Said與Foucauld等的思想所啟發, 其中所挑戰的便是語言中的誤用,文法的崩離與後殖民中非英語國書寫的另一種解構中建築的契機. 作者期望的是讀者在閱讀此論文的過程中, 可以不斷的發現語言中因長期以來受至於文法結構與溝通合法性的要求, 而使建築與空間產生了惰性與限制, 至其中不僅僅牽涉到知識與理性上的正當性, 也在文化與社會的層面上產生排他/她效應.
作者並非視此篇論文為以完成的作品,相反的, 在未來的日子裡, 作者將會不斷的修正與補足其中的觀念, 當然更歡迎讀者與作者之間可以產生在閱讀過程中所產生的歧見與異讀的意見交流.

There are too many words, discourse, terms, etc to express what is the world in which we are living. You could easily find uncountable books and theories to discuss about our living space, like the Modernism, Post-Modernism, Structuralism, Post-Structuralism, Post-Colonialism, De-construction, Humanistic Geography, Historiography, Critical Rationalism, Structural Marxism, Orientalism, Post-Marxism, and so on. Some terms conflict others, some terms complement others, and some terms announce they are independence. Nevertheless, the main battlefield is always upon the Language. It is not surprise at all, because we could not disavow that our knowledge is influenced by it all the time. Especially since Renaissance in the west, the concept of metaphor connected with the language and become the knowledge and scientific study, which constructed a rigid Western philosophical culture and rationalistic world. Language has replaced the thinking and thing. That is, everything including real and unreal things have be investigated by function of language. On the other hand, if thing or think fitting in with the function and operation of language would be accepted its value and benefit and possibly extended. People supposed that world seems to become clearer through serial conspiratorial relations between language, mathematics, biology, and so on.
Now, we could not say anymore that this battlefield is to be an observed phenomenon, or it is a theoretical chronology; contrarily, it is an oncoming blowing-out atomic reactor, which every atomic nucleus strongly impacts its wall alarming its incapability. Where we exist? Unfortunately, we are the impacted element of wall of atomic reactor.
I have two strategies in this paper. First, just you have seen already that it is not and impossible to be a typical writing in English. Second, I am ellipsis parts of historical background review.
I have to admit that I am really inspired by theories of Said and of Foucault. Regardless Said or Foucault, they all point out that the human history is just situation of language and discourse. Moreover, so-called the language is merely a product under within a disciplined society. The limitation of language has deriving from desire of power of drilling, disciplining others, which has been from earlier Biology, Mathematics, and other scientifedited to modern Psychoanalysis, Informational Technology, Historiophoty, and so on. On the other hand, under the tendency of informational integration, today the language becomes hegemonic more than the Industrial epoch. Soid said that intellectual’s problem is that he is existence within a customary language community, which we always could find the banal metaphor and lazy writing. It is called “the decay of language”. In addition, Foucault implied us in his book ＜The order of things＞, language has replaced subject of human being and announced its death, because man has become the object of examination by language.
Of course, this paper is not going to try to do a linguistic analysis. I just want to point out that the knowledge of language, including writing, reading and speech, has become a hidden colonial weapon, whose crisis is its appearance seems to be neutral and natural. From the point of view of feminism, language and knowledge have been existence within a particular situation. For developments of architecture and of space, the language itself has possessed discriminations of gender in human history, which has limited spatial developments and imaginations. Within the world of language, it has constructed a serial monopolistic re-presentation between reader and writer. On the other hand, the word re-presents arbitrarily to another word or discourse not anything else. Its characteristic is a mathematic figure, a empty direct line connects two dots, points, and could be extended unlimited. This gigantic mechanism is appearing upon a pre-narrative basis, and veils any unstable and confusing element.
Such that, for first strategy, I just want to try what kind of situations would appear when I use a seeming English writing. At the same time, I of course would refer many different materials and methods to finish this paper, as I have to read the English books, Chinese books and translate them into English again, and Chinese translated books from English and translate them into English again. I thought in the process of translation, my writing would happen disruption, intervals, confusing, and even abusing of meaning and grammar of word simultaneously.
For second strategy, I should say it is my writing position. I just thought if someone else want to check my background of knowledge, my references, notes and index are enough to provide this trace. I found the background review is just kind of historic alternative. On the contrary, these theories are not just the background of history, they do not exist or present until I read. That is, the presence of history is not pre-narrative or pre-supposed; contrarily, the historic experiences do not have the orders of context.
I did not really know what kinds of situations would appear when I decided to use these two strategies to write my paper in the first place. Of course, I wish I could avoid misunderstanding when people read my text, however, what could I expect for?

INTRODUCTION
1. THE UTOPIA OF LANGUAGE 5
1-1 Grammar and Structure 5
1-2 Writing and Reader 9
Le Corbusier 9
1-3 Writing and Reading 14
2. THE UTOPIA OF SPACE 18
2-1 Mapping 18
2-2 out of order 26
2-3 Production of spaces 34
3. THE UTOPIA OF PICTURE 40
3-1 Whose Picture 40
3-2 Geo-graphic 44
BIBLIOGRAPHIES 51
Chapter 1. Utopia of language 51
1-1 Grammar and Structure: 51
1-2 Writing and Reader─Le Corbusier 51
1-3 Writing and Reading 51
Chapter 2. Utopia of space 52
2-1 Out of order 52
2-2 Mapping 53
2-3 Production of space 54
Chapter 3. Utopia of image 54
3-1 Whose picture 54
3-2 Geo-graphy 55
NOTES AND REFERENCES 56

1-1 Grammar and Structure:
1.＜The Order of Things─An Archaeology of the Human Sciences＞ by Michel Foucault.
2.＜Speech and Phenomena─and Other Essays on Husserl’s Theory of Signs＞by Derrida
3.＜Deleuze. Gilles＞ by Luo, Gui-Xiang.
4.＜The Rule and Model＞by Françoise Choay
5.＜Of other space: Utopias and Heterotopias＞by Michel Foucault. It is edited in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞edited by Neil Leach.
6.＜Course in General Linguistics＞by Ferdinand de Saussure is in the book ＜From Modernism to Postmodernism＞edited by Lawrence Cahoone
1-2 Writing and Reader─Le Corbusier
1.＜Towards a New Architecture＞by Le Corbusier. The article is in the book ＜From Modernism to Postmodernism─ An Anthology＞edited by Lawrence Cahoone
2.＜Of other space: Utopia and Heterotopias＞by Michel Foucault. This article is edited in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞edited by Neil Leach
3.＜A history of Reading＞by Alberto Manguel
1-3 Writing and Reading
1.＜History of Reading＞by Alberto Manguel.
2.＜The Rule and Model＞by Françoise Choay.
3.＜Towards a New Architecture＞by Le Corbusier. The article is in the book ＜From Modernism to Postmodernism─ An Anthology＞edited by Lawrence Cahoone.
4.＜Reading Theory＞by Michael Payne. Chinese translation by Lee, Shuang-Xue.
5.＜Against Architecture─The Writings of Georges Bataille＞ by Denis Hollier.
6.The article ＜Architecture where the desire may live＞by Jacques Derrida edited in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞edited by Neil Leach.
7.＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞edited by Neil Leach.
Chapter 2. Utopia of space
2-1 Out of order
1.＜Reading Theory＞by Michael Payne. Chinese translation by Lee, Shuang-Xue
2.The article ＜Poetics of Space＞by Gaston Bachelard is in the book＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞ Edited by Meil Leach.
3.＜Against Architecture─The Writings of Georges Bataille＞by Denis Hollier.
4.＜The Architecture of Deconstruction─Derrida’s Haunt＞by Mark Wigley.
5.＜Discrimination by Design─A Feminist Critique of the Man-Made Environment＞by Leslie Kanes Weisman. Chinese translated by Wang, Zhi-Hong, Chang, Shu-MaI, and Wei, Ching-Jia.
6.＜Socrates’ Ancestor―An Essay on Architectural Beginnings＞ by Indra Kagis McEwen.
7.＜Humanity and Symbol─Representation of An Essay On Man of E. Cassirer＞, Chinese Publication, by Zhi-Xue
8.＜Structuralism─A philosophy for the human sciences＞ by Peter Caws. Originally published: 1988. Reprinted with new Foreword 1997.
9.The Chapter 5 of Tao Te Ching refers from the http://mars.superlink.net/user/fsu/tao2.htm. Interpolation by Peter A. Merel based upon the translation of: Lin Yutang, Ch’u Ta-Kao, Gia-Fu Feng & Jane English, Richard Wilhelm and Aleister Crowley.
10.＜The Order of Things─An Archaeology of the Human Sciences＞ by Michel Foucault.
11.＜A History of Civilization─1648 To the Present─volume 2＞ by Robin W. Winks
12.Contemporary Magazine 51st, ＜Postmodern and theories of communication＞ by William Miller, publicized in Chinese.
13.＜Truth and Power＞ by Michel Foucault, which is edited in the ＜From Modernism to Postmodernism─An Anthology＞by Lawrence Cahoone.
14.＜Course in General Linguistics＞ by Ferdinand de Saussure, which is edited in the ＜From Modernism to Postmodernism─An Anthology＞by Lawrence Cahoone. Reference from the book ＜History of Reading＞by Alberto Manuel.
2-2 Mapping
1.＜Socrates’ Ancestor―An Essay on Architectural Beginnings＞ by Indra Kagis McEwen.
2.＜Semiology and the Urban＞ by Roland Barthes is in the book＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞ Edited by Meil Leach.
3.＜The Power of Maps＞ by Denis Wood; Chinese publication is translated by Wang, Zhi-Hong, Lee, Gen-Fang, Wei, Ging-Jia, and Wen, Pei-Zhang.
4.＜Heterotopologies: Foucault and the Geohistory of Otherness＞ of ＜Thirdspace─Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-And-Imagined Places＞ by Edward W. Soja.
5.＜The City Image and Its Elements＞by Kevin Lynch is collected in the book ＜The City Reader＞ edited by Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout.
6.＜Function and Sign: The Semiotic of Architecture＞ by Umbrto Eco (b. 1932) is in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞ Edited by Meil Leach.
7.＜Of Other Space＞ by Foucault is edited in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞ edited by Neil Leach.
8.＜The Architecture of Deconstruction─Derrida’s Haunt＞ by Mark Wigley.
9.＜The Rule and the Model─On the Theory of Architecture and Urbanism＞ by Françoise Choay.
10.＜Utopia and Totalitarianism＞ by Gu-Xi in the Chinese Magazine ＜Con-temporary Monthly＞ 61 issue.
11.＜Of Other Space＞ by Foucault is edited in the book ＜Rethinking Architecture─A reader in cultural theory＞ edited by Neil Leach.
12.＜Tracing the Utopia＞ by Lee, Shuang-Xue in the Chinese Magazine ＜Con-temporary Monthly＞ 61 issue.
13＜Modern World of Utopia＞ by Lee, Yong-Zhi in the Chinese Magazine ＜Con-temporary Monthly＞ 61 issue.
＜Thirdspace＞ by Edward W. Soja is first published in 1996.
14.＜Representations of the Intellectual＞ by Edward W. Said, in the 1994.
15.＜Thirdspace＞ by Edward W. Soja is first published in 1996.
16.＜Toward a Critical Regionalism─ Six points for an Architecture of Resistance＞ by Kenneth Frampton, in the book ＜Anti-Aesthetic＞ edited by Hal Foster, Chinese publication by Lue, Jian-Chung.
2-3 Production of space
1.＜Space: Social product and Use Values＞(1976) by Heri Lefebvre. Chinese translation is by Wang, Zhi-Hong, edited in the book ＜Readings in social, theories and the cultural form of space＞edited by Shia, Zhu-Jiu and Wang, Zhi-Hong.
2.＜Architecture, Modernity, Anti-Modernity and Metaphysics＞by He, Cheng-Jun.
3.＜A History of Modern Architecture＞by Jürgen Joedic. Chinese translated by Sun, Quan-Wen
4.＜What is a City＞by Lewis Mumford in 1937. It is edited in the book ＜The City Reader＞edited by Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout.
5.＜Urbanism as a Way of Life＞by Lous Wirth in 1938. It is edited in the book ＜The City Reader＞edited by Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout.
6.＜Discrimination by Design─A Feminist Critique of the Man-Made Environment＞by Leslie Kanes Weisman. Chinese translated by Wang, Zhi-Hong, Chang, Shu-MaI, and Wei, Ching-Jia.
8.＜Real-Representation-Simulation＞by Chang, Kuang-Shin in the Magazine 【Con-temporary】No.65.
Chapter 3. Utopia of image
3-1 Whose picture
1.The painting “The Ambassadors” by Hans Holbein (1497/8─1543). The Ambassadors’ names are Jean de Dinteville, standing at the left, and Georges de Selve, standing at the right. It is collected in The National Gallery.
2.＜Reading Theory＞by Michael Payne. Chinese translated publication by Lee, Shuang-Xue.
3.＜A History of Reading＞by Alberto Manguel
4.＜Mythologist＞by Roland Barthes. Chinese translated publication by Shui, Chiang-Chiang and Shui, Chi-Lin.
5.＜Orientalism＞by Edward W. Said.
6.＜The Anti-Aesthetic＞edited by Hal Foster. Chinese translated by Lv, Jian-Chang
3-2 Geo-graphy
1.＜The Order of Things─An Archaeology of the Human Sciences＞by Michel Foucault in 1970.
2.＜Space of Identity─Global media, electronic landscapes and cultural boundaries＞by David Morley and Kevin Robins.
3.＜Postmodernism, or The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism＞by Fredric Jameson.
4.＜Beyond maps and metaphors? Re-thinking the relationship between architecture and gender＞by Jos Boys that is edited in book ＜New Frontiers of Space, Bodies, and Gender＞edited by Rosa Ainley.
5.＜Myth and Metropolis─Walter Benjamin and The City＞by Graeme Gilloch.
6.＜Space of Identity─Global media, electronic landscapes and cultural boundaries＞by David Morley and Kevin Robins.
7.＜Cities and the World System: Toward an Evolutionary Perspective in the Study of Urban Anthropology＞ by Jack R. Rollwagen, it is in the book ＜Cities in a larger context＞edited by Tomas W. Collins.
8.＜Deleuze＞by Luo, Kui-Shiang, edited by Ye, Wei-Lian and Liao, Bing-Hwei. Chinese publication in 1997.
9.＜Against Architecture─The Writings of Georges Bataille＞by Denis Hollier. P.31
10.＜Thirdspace─Journeys to Los Angeles And Other Real-And-Imagined Places＞by Edward W. Soja.
11.＜Architecture and Feminism＞edited by Debra Coleman, Elizabeth Danze, and Carol Henderson.
12.＜Socrates’ Ancestor─An Essay on Architectural Beginnings＞by Indra Kagis McEwen. P.43
13.＜Prospects for a Critical Regionalism＞by Kenneth Frampton, that is edited in the book ＜Theorizing A New Agenda For Architecture─An Anthology of Architectural Theory 1965-1995＞edited by Kate Nesbitt.