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研究生:陳菁萍
研究生(外文):Jing-Ping Chen
論文名稱:心物法調整時間對於最大可承受抬舉重量和生理成本之效應
論文名稱(外文):Effects of adjustment time on psychophysically determined maximum acceptable weight of and physiological cost
指導教授:吳水丕吳水丕引用關係
指導教授(外文):Swei-Pi Wu
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:華梵大學
系所名稱:工業管理學系碩士班
學門:工程學門
學類:工業工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2000
畢業學年度:88
語文別:中文
論文頁數:104
中文關鍵詞:心物法調整時間人工物料搬運最大可承受抬舉重量
外文關鍵詞:PsychophysicsAdjustment timeManual materials handlingMaximum acceptable weight of lift
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心物法是最常被用來決定人工物料搬運能力的方法之一。當使用此一方法時,係由受試者依自己的主觀施力知覺在一較短的調整時間內(通常是15-45分鐘)來模擬判斷一作業期間(如1小時或8小時)的最大可承受搬運負重。由於先前研究的調整時間其變化範圍有的小到15-20分鐘,有的則高達45分鐘,此一調整時間的差異是否會影響受試者所決定的MAWL值則無學者進行研究。也因此,本研究乃針對不同的調整時間來檢定在不同的抬舉頻率下對於受試者所決定的MAWL值和生理成本是否有所影響。共有14位華梵大學的學生(男性6位,女性8位)參與實驗,每位受試者必須執行16種不同的抬舉作業,包括四種調整時間(20分鐘、30分鐘、40分鐘及50分鐘)和四種抬舉頻率(1次/分、2次/分、4次/分和6次/分),衡量效標為受試者的最大可承受抬舉重量、心搏率,以及主觀施力知覺評量。經統計分析結果後發現:調整時間對受試者的MAWL值有顯著的效應,且隨著時間的增長有下降的趨勢。調整時間對受試者的心搏率無顯著效應,但對於RPE則有顯著差異。在身體各部位的疲累程度上,男性以腿部為最累,女性則以下背為最累。整體而言,調整時間太短,則受試者所決定的MAWL值會有高估的現象。平均而言,若以40分的MAWL值為基準,則男性20分約高估12.4%,女性20分約高估8.1%。
Psychophysical has been utilized extensively to determine the maximum acceptable weight of load(MAWL)for manual materials handling(MMH)task. The underlying premise of the psychophysical approach is that the subject can integrate and combine both biomechanical and physiological stresses in their subjective evaluation of perceived stress, and to adjust the weight of a particular MMH task in short periods(15-45 min)to ‘ maximum acceptable’ values for an 1-h or 8-h work period. Previous studies have investigated the reliability and validity of the psychophysical approach, effect of adjustment time(20-45 min)on the MAWLs and physiological cost has not been studied. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the influence of adjustment time(20, 30, 40, and 50 min)on the maximum acceptable weights of lift and resulting responses(heart rate and rating of perceived exertion)of the subjects during lifting container from floor to knuckle height at various frequencies(1 lift/ min, 2 lifts/ min, 4 lifts/ min, and 6 lifts/ min)for an 8-h work day. A total of fourteen college students(6 males and 8 females)were recruited as the subjects to perform 16 different combinations of lifting tasks. The results show that the adjustment time had a significant effect on the MAWLs, and the MAWL decreased significantly as adjustment time increased. However, the effect of adjustment time on heart rate was not significant. In addition, the effect of adjustment time on the rating of perceived exertion was significant, and the most stressed body parts were the legs and back for males and females, respectively. In general, the present study shows that the MAWLs are overestimated by about 12.4 % and 8.1 % for males and females, respectively, when the adjustment time decrease from 40 min to 20 min.
目錄
第一章 導 論
第一節 研究背景
第二節 研究動機與目的
第三節 研究方法
第四節 研究流程
第五節 研究範圍與限制
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 人工物料搬運問題及其解決途徑
第二節 心物法之於人工物料搬運
第三節 影響心物法抬舉能力的因素
第四節 心物法其效度的驗證與文獻探討
第五節 心物法尚待證實的疑點:關於調整時間
第三章 實驗方法與步驟
第一節 受試者徵募
第二節 實驗步驟
第三節 實驗設計
第四節 實驗儀器
第四章 男性部份的實驗結果
第一節 男性受試者身體特徵分析
第二節 最大可承受抬舉重量分析
第三節 男性受試者生理反應分析
第四節 男性受試者主觀知覺施力評量分析
第五節 男性受試者與不同學者其調整時間和重量的比較
第六節 結語
第五章 女性部份的實驗結果
第一節 女性受試者身體特徵分析
第二節 最大可承受抬舉重量分析
第三節 女性受試者生理反應分析
第四節 女性受試者主觀知覺施力評量
第五節 女性受試者與不同學者的比較
第六節 結語
第六章 國人男女兩性抬舉能力之比較
第一節 男女兩性受試者身體特徵之比較
第二節 國人男女兩性最大可承受抬舉能力之比較
第三節 男女兩性生理反應之比較
第四節 男女兩性受試者主觀知覺施力評量之比較
第五節 結語
第七章 結論與建議
第一節結論
第二節 建議
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