臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

野生動物繁殖過剩的問題，在世界各動物園及保育區均普遍的存在。為能得到一個適合於野生動物的節育方式，以期對動物生理行為造成最小的影響條件下，解決動物園以及野生動物收容中心動物繁殖過剩的問題。本研究使用16隻狒狒分成兩組，A組進行輸精管完全截斷的傳統結紮手術，B組為保留外膜(adventitia)截斷肌肉質部分輸精管的結紮手術；每組再分成實驗期3、4、5個月三組，進行輸精管吻合手術的探討，並針對其中6隻狒狒，於輸精管結紮後進行行為的觀察。輸精管結紮手術的結果，A、B組成功率皆為100% (16/16)，輸精管吻合手術的結果，A組吻合成功率為80%(8/10)，B組為100% (6/6)，雖然在統計上並無顯著差異，但B組的結紮方式，有效縮短了顯微手術的操作時間，降低顯微手術的困難度。狒狒於輸精管吻合後一個月，可得到接近正常的精液濃度(140±58×106)，三個月組、四個月組及五個月組在吻合後所得到的結果，也都沒有顯著差異。在行為的觀察方面，輸精管結紮前及結紮後也沒有顯著的差異。結果顯示，輸精管結紮手術能夠有效的達到永久的節育效果，且不會造成動物生理行為的改變，而輸精管吻合手術的應用，也能夠成功的恢復已結紮動物的生育能力，因此輸精管結紮手術是一個適合於靈長類野生動物的節育方式。

The problem of overpopulation of captive wild animals is common in zoos and protected areas in the world. In order to find a convenient procedure for captive wild animal contraception that causing minimum behavioral influence, study was undertaken to assess the feasibility of application of vasectomy in the reproduc- tion management of captive baboons. A total of 16 baboons were studied and divided into A and B group, with conventional vasecto- my and vasectomy without cutting the adventitia respectively. Vaso- vasostomy was performed in the 3rd, 4th or 5th month after vasec- tomy of each group. Behavior index was studied in 6 baboons one month after the vasectomy. Success rates of vasectomy in group A and group B are both 100%, while vasovasostomy shows patency rates of 80% (8/10) in group A and 100% (6/6) in group B, though there was no significant difference between group A and B, anastomosis was markedly easier to perform and required less technique skill in group B. Sperm was present in semen one month later after vasovasostomy in all successfal cases and the concentration (140±58×106) is close to normal value. The results of vasovasostomy are not significantly different between the three subgroups. Behavior has no obvious impect after vasectomy in our study.In conclusion, vasectomy ensures permanent contraception without bahavior change and is reversible with vasovasostomy by microsurgery. So we consider that vasectomy can be an ideal procedure for wild animal reproduction management.

中文摘要...............................................1
英文摘要...............................................2
緒言 ...............................................3
第一章 文獻探討........................................5
第一節 雄性生殖器官解剖構造..........................5
1睪丸及副睪............................................5
2輸精管................................................6
3精索..................................................6
第二節 野生動物繁殖過剩所產生的問題..................8
1國內外野生動物繁殖過剩所產生的問題................8
2國內外控制野生動物繁殖過剩的方法.................11
第三節 精液隻採集及評估方法.........................16
1野生動物精液採集方法.............................16
電刺激採精法...................................16
2精液之評估方法...................................18
精子的濃度.....................................19
精子的活力.....................................20
第四節 輸精管結紮手術...............................21
1輸精管的阻斷方式.................................22
輸精管內燒灼法.................................23
2輸精管的切除長度.................................24
3輸精管斷端的放置方式.............................25
4無切口式輸精管結紮手術...........................26
第五節 輸精管吻合手術...............................28
1輸精管吻合手術...................................28
2副睪輸精管造口吻合手術...........................32
第二章 實驗材料與方法.................................34
第一節 實驗材料.....................................34
1實驗動物.............................................34
2精液採集.............................................35
3精液分析.............................................36
4外科手術器械.........................................36
5藥品.................................................38
第二節 實驗方法.....................................39
1精液之採集及評估.................................39
2精液採集方式.....................................39
3輸精管結紮手術...................................40
4輸精管吻合手術...................................41
5狒狒行為觀察.....................................42
第三章 結果...........................................44
1電刺激採精...................................44
2輸精管結紮前精液分析結果.....................45
3輸精管結紮後的結果...........................45
4輸精管吻合後精液分析的結果...................46
5狒狒的行為觀察結果...........................48
第四章 討論...........................................67
第五章 結論...........................................75
引用文獻..............................................76

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