臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是將工程塑膠ABS（acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer）在不破壞其鏈上的雙鍵及降低分子量的情況下進行改質，再將改質後之ABS與四乙氧基矽（tetraethoxysilane，TEOS）混合均勻，使TEOS在改質ABS的存在下進行溶膠-凝膠反應（sol-gel process），製成有機/無機混成材料並對其物性進行探討。將ABS進行硝化反應，使分子鏈上之苯環接上硝基基團(以ABS-NO2表示之)，將ABS-NO2進行還原反應，使苯環上之-NO2還原成-NH2（以 ABS-NH2表示之）。使TEOS分別在ABS及ABS-NH2存在下進行溶膠-凝膠反應，製備有機與無機高分子兩相間以氫鍵結合的有機/無機混成材料―ABS/SiO2、ABS-NH2/SiO2。由於硝化量的不同，則改質ABS分子中官能基-NH2的數目亦不相同，因而導致混成材料兩相間的鍵結數目也有所不同，本研究有系統的探討不同胺基量的改質ABS對混成材料兩相間的作用力對相容性、物性及化性的影響，並變化有機與無機兩成分的比例，以了解混成材料中最適合之SiO2的含量。
實驗結果得知2.1×10-1mmol/g胺基量之改質ABS-NH2/SiO2在抗張強力、微細構造、溶解度、熱性質方面優於1.10×10-1mmol/g、3.24×10-1mmol/g胺基量之ABS-NH2/SiO2及ABS/SiO2複材。

The nitro group containing ABS，ABS-NO2，was synthesized by the nitration of the benzene ring in ABS（acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer）with NH4NO3 in the presence of trifluoroacetic anhydride。The-NO2 groups in the ABS-NO2 were then reduced with NaBH2S3 to give ABS-NH2 and the structure and molecular weight of the modified polymer，ABS-NO2、ABS-NH2 were identified。Hybrid composites，ABS/SiO2、ABS-NH2/SiO2，were prepared by the sol-gel procss of tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) in the presence of ABS andABS-NH2，respectively。The properties of the composites were charaterized using differential scanning calorimeter（DSC），thermogravimetry，scaning electronic microscopy（SEM）。It was found that the composite prepared from ABS-NH2 had higher tensile strength，glass transition point（Tg）and initial decompsition temperature（IDT）、better solvent resistance and morphology because of the existence of the stronger hydrogen bond between ABS chains and silica network that increased the compability between the organic and inorganic phases。

中文摘要I
英文摘要III
誌 謝IV
目 錄V
圖 索 引VIII
表 索 引XI
1. 前言1
2. 文獻回顧歐...................5
2.1 溶膠-凝膠法的研究背景與發展歷史5
2.2 溶膠-凝膠法在有機-無機混成複材上的應用7
3. 基本原理………………………………………………12
3.1 溶膠-凝膠法的製程原理………………………..….12
3.2 溶膠-凝膠法製備有機與無機混成複合材的結合式……17
3.3 硝化反應………………………………………………….19
3.4 還原反應…………………………………………………..22
3.5 雙鍵定量分析……………………………………………24
3.6 胺基的定量分析……………………………………26
4.實驗部份…….………………………27
4.1 實驗藥品……………………………………………27
4.2 實驗方法……………………………………………29
4.2.1 ABS的硝化反應………………………………..30
4.2.2 ABS的還原反應………………………………...32
4.2.3 混成複合材的製備…………………………….34
4.3 材料之分析與性質測試…………………………..38
4.3.1改質ABS之鑑定與分析 ……………………….38
4.3.2複合材之性質測試40
5. 結果與討論42
5.1 ABS之改質42
5.1.1 ABS-NO2之結構鑑定與分析43
5.1.2 ABS-NH2之結構鑑定與分析45
5.2 混成複合材之表面構形47
5.3 混成複合材之性質50
5.3.1 混成複合材之結構與強力50
5.3.2 熱性質之測定52
5.3.3混成複合材之溶解性56
6.結論78
7.參考文獻81

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