臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣人口的高齡化，使得失智症患者有急遽上升的趨勢，其主要特徵為記憶力及其他智能的逐漸減退。枸杞子在中醫利用於”滋腎、明目、去虛勞”上，向來已久。因此，本研究目的是以不同溶劑水、水+95%酒精(1:1)、95%酒精萃取的枸杞子溶液餵食1月齡之老化促進小白鼠（senescence accelerated mice；SAM），探討其學習記憶能力及老化之影響作用。實驗為時18週，期間進行活動量（open field activity）、單次被動迴避試驗（single-trail passive avoidance test）及主動迴避試驗（active shuttle avoidance test）後，將動物犧牲，取血液做生化學檢驗，以及腦部組織病理觀察。
結果顯示，在學習記憶能力方面，不論雄性或雌性小白鼠在單次被動迴避或主動迴避測試，實驗組雖較控制組在學習記憶能力具有改善之傾向，但是並不顯著。在腦部組織病理變化上，空泡數及脂褐質主要集中在腦幹，而海馬迴部位相較之下則較少。不論在腦幹或者是海馬迴，對雄性或雌性小白鼠餵食枸杞粗抽物溶液，均具有改善之傾向。血液生化檢查方面，雄性與雌性小白鼠血清白蛋白、總膽固醇、血糖、總蛋白、與三酸甘油酯上，實驗組與控制組間，則有差異存在。
由本實驗結果得知，餵食枸杞粗抽物溶液，對老化促進小白鼠學習記憶能力上雖有改善之傾向，但未達統計上之差異，仍需在未來做進一步的探討及研究其相關性。

Dementia populations whom have gradually declined memory and cognitive abilities are sharply increasing by the advanced of aged have been increased by the advanced of aged population in Taiwan.Lycium fructus has been used to kidney、eyes、liver、health in Chinese medicine for a long time. In this research, we attempt to investigate the effect of Lycii fructus (Kao-Chi-Zu) extracts on learning and memory and aged of one-month-old senescence accelerated mice (SAM). First of all, the Lycii fructus were extracted with water、water+95%alcohol(1:1)、95%alcohol,respectively.Then fed the declined mice with different concentration drink for 18 weeks. The open field activity、single trail passive test and active shuttle avoidance test were conducted during the experiment, and then the mice were sacrificed to analyze the biochemical parameters and to observe the brain histopathology.
The result showed, the extracts of Lycii fructus have a better improvement in learning and memory ability, but have no significant difference neither in single trial passive avoidance test nor active shuttle avoidance test between examined group and control group for male or female mice. Vacuole and lipofuscin were mainly to centralize in the brain stem and they were less content of number in the hippoampus . It was improvement to feed the Lycii fructus extracted solution in brain and hippocampus for male and female mice .In the biochemical parameters , there was difference between male and female mice in albumin、total cholesterol、glucose、total protein and triglyceride.
To sum up, the extracts of Lycii fructus have the improving effect in learning and memory ability of SAM but no significant difference. The study should be proceeded to get more information in the future.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
表目錄 Ⅴ
圖目錄 Ⅵ
第一章 前言 1
第二章 總論
第一節 藥材介紹 3
壹、枸杞子簡介 3
貳、主要成份 5
參、臨床用途 7
肆、毒副反應 9
第二節 老化研究 10
壹、老化及失智症之簡介 10
貳、老化的原因 14
第三節 學習與記憶 16
壹、學習記憶之簡介 16
貳、學習記憶的實驗方法 18
第四節 老化促進小白鼠 21
壹、老化促進小白鼠簡介 21
第五節 海綿樣變性 24
第六節 脂褐質 25
第三章 材料與方法
第一節 枸杞子之粗抽提與飲水溶液之配製 31
壹、枸杞子之粗抽提流程 31
貳、粗抽提飲水溶液配製流程 32
第二節 實驗動物與飼料 33
第三節 實驗方法與步驟 34
壹、活動量測試 34
貳、單次被動迴避試驗 34
參、主動迴避試驗 35
肆、病理組織切片 41
一、設備儀器 41
二、試劑製備 41
三、組織病理切川製作程序 44
四、腦部組織病理評估標準 46
第四節 統計分析 56
第四章 結果與討論 57
第一節 枸杞經不同溶液粗抽提之比較 57
第二節 體重變化及飼料、飲水之攝取量 58
第三節 活動量 65
第四節 學習與記憶能力 68
壹、單次被動迴避試驗 68
貳、主動迴避試驗 74
第五節 腦部組織病理變化 80
壹、腦部海綿樣變性 80
貳、腦部脂褐質百分比 81
第六節 血液生化值分析 87
第五章 結論 90
參考文獻 91

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