臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
根據文獻的報導揮發三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯對呼吸道有刺激的作用，本論文之主要目的是探討這二種有機氯化物對呼吸道氣管平滑肌的收縮作用。用分離自迷你豬氣管平滑肌作為研究三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯對氣管平滑肌引起收縮的作用，結果發現四氯乙烯(3到1000ppm)明顯增加氣管平滑肌的基礎收縮反應，但三氯乙烯並無此作用。三氯乙烯(100-300 ppm)和四氯乙烯(30-300 ppm)對氯化鉀或乙醯膽鹼引發氣管平滑肌收縮反應皆有明顯增加，此外3 ppm四氯乙烯對組織胺引發氣管平滑肌收縮亦有增強作用；高濃度1000 ppm三氯乙烯及四氯乙烯暴露後氣管平滑肌對乙醯膽鹼產生的收縮反應有增強作用，高濃度1000 ppm三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯也會減弱異丙去甲腎上腺素對乙醯膽鹼引發氣管平滑肌收縮的舒張作用。雖然過去己經發現有上皮細胞的培養液可以造成乙醯膽鹼引發的氣管平滑肌收縮產生鬆弛，但三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯並未影響這個鬆弛反應。由以上結果，說明四氯乙烯可直接提高氣管平滑肌收縮，但三氯乙烯則否。三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯也可加強神經傳遞物質對平滑肌收縮的刺激能力，因此，這些作用可能與三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯暴露引起的呼吸道失能有關。

It has been documented that trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE) could irritate the airways, but the mechanism is still unknown. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of volatile hydrocarbons (TCE and PCE) on airway smooth muscle contraction. The smooth muscle strips isolated from piglet trachea were used to investigate the effects of TCE and PCE on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. The data demonstrated that PCE (3 to 1000 ppm) significantly increased the basal contraction of tracheal smooth muscle. However, TCE had no effect on the basal tone. Both TCE (100-300 ppm) and PCE (30-300 ppm) significantly increased the ACh- and KCl-induced smooth muscle contractile responses. Moreover, PCE at the concentration of 3 ppm also increased the histamine-induced smooth muscle contraction. Pretreatment of tracheal smooth muscle with TCE (1000 ppm) and PCE (1000 ppm) enhanced the ACh-induced muscle contraction. TCE and PCE also attenuated the relaxing ability of isoproterenol on the ACh precontracted smooth muscle. Although the medium derived from tracheal epithelium culture was found to relax the smooth muscle precontracted by ACh, TCE and PCE did not significantly affect this relaxing response. In conclusion, PCE but not TCE could directly evoke the tracheal smooth muscle contraction. PCE and TCE also potentiated the stimulatory ability of neurotransmitter-induced smooth muscle contraction. Therefore, these actions may be associated with airway dysfunction induced by PCE and TCE exposure.

目錄
頁次
一、中文摘要…………………………………………….Ⅰ
二、英文摘要…………………………………………………….Ⅱ
三、目錄………………………………………………………….Ⅲ
四、圖表目錄…………………………………………………….Ⅳ
五、前言………………………………………………………….1
六、研究目的………………………………………………….5
七、材料與儀器……………………………………………….7
八、實驗方法………………………………………………...9
九、結果……………………………………………….15
十、討論…………………………………………………...21
十一、結論……………………………………………………...27
十二、參考文獻……………………………………………...28
十三、附圖表………………………………………………...33

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