臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

血吸蟲病為人體重要之寄生蟲病，是一種慢性肉芽腫的免疫性疾病。在75個流行國家中，有40個國家同時有兩種以上血吸蟲病流行。非洲為血吸蟲病的最大流行地區，根據過去之研究報告，人體同時可受到數種血吸蟲之感染。在實驗室裡，曾對非洲流行之血吸蟲及動物株血吸蟲進行雜交研究。惟對日本血吸蟲與其它血吸蟲雜交感染的研究則屬罕見。醣蛋白是血吸蟲蟲卵抗原的主要成分，而血吸蟲病肉芽腫的形成就是抗原與宿主抗體免疫反應的結果。曾有文獻顯示曼氏血吸蟲與日本血吸蟲蟲卵特定醣蛋白的結構。由本實驗結果顯示，不同種血吸蟲的雌雄蟲體證實有合抱現象，產生之雜交蟲卵大部分為不成熟、變性、死亡、或鈣化且外形趨向於母系血吸蟲的蟲卵，僅少數能孵化出毛蚴，其F1代的毛蚴和尾蚴外形與其正常親代者很難鑑別。但在醣蛋白方面，曼氏血吸蟲蟲卵具有xylosylated, 6-fucosylated的結構，而在日本血吸蟲蟲卵則含有xylosylated,3,6-difucosylated的結構（m/z 1679）。Sm♀*SjT♂及Sm♂*SjT♀雜交蟲卵均具有明顯之母系血吸蟲蟲卵的特徵。在觀察單性感染血吸蟲雌蟲形態上，發現未受雄蟲合抱的刺激下，曼氏血吸蟲雌蟲子宮內偶而有蟲卵出現，惟在日本血吸蟲雌蟲未發現此種現象。曼氏血吸蟲與日本血吸蟲的配對可能導致雌蟲的孤雌生殖現象，因此也可能說明雜交蟲卵外形及醣蛋白結構相似其母系的原因。

Schistosomiasis, a chronic granulomatous immune disease, is one of the most important human parasitic infections. Africa is the largest endemic area of schistosomiases. Among the 75 endemic countries in the world, there are 40 countries prevalent with more than two species of schistosomes. It has been reported that several species of schistosomes may coexist in the same human host. Moreover, experimental hybridization of human and animal strains of schistosomes prevalent in Africa has been studied extensively. However, only little information in the hybridization of Schistosoma japonicum with the other species/strains. The antibodies of the host cause formation of granuloma, an important pathogenic finding in schistosomiasis. Since species-specific glycoprotein has been demonstrated in S. mansoni and S. japonicum, it is generally considered that glycoproteins are the major antigens on the eggs of schistosomes. In the present study, hybridizations were carried out between S. mansoni and S. japonicum. Although most of the eggs in the F1 generation were immature, dead, or calcified, the morphology of the rare mature ones was demonstrated to be similar to the mother species. By analysis of the structure of the glycoproteins on the egg shell, S. mansoni eggs was shown to have a xylosylated 6-fucosylated trimannosyl core whereas S. japonicum eggs with a xylosylated 3-,6-difucisylated trimannosyl core. In addition, the glycoprotein structure of the F1 eggs was similar to that of the mother species. Although the male stimulation may not be necessary to the egg production in S. mansoni, the same phenomenon was not observed in S. japonicum. These findings indicate that offspring from the interspecific pairings between S. mansoni and S. japonicum may be due to parthenogenesis. Moreover, it also explains the similarity in the morphology and glycoprotein structure in the eggs.

中文摘要………………………………………………………… 1
英文摘要………………………………………………………… 2~3
第一章、 緒論…………………………………………………… 4~8
第二章、 材料與方法…………………………………………… 9~13
血吸蟲……………………………………………………… 9
中間宿主…………………………………………………… 9
實驗動物…………………………………………………… 9
血吸蟲生活史的維持……………………………………… 9~10
單性毛蚴感染螺螄………………………………………… 11
雜交小鼠的感染…………………………………………… 11
蟲卵的收集………………………………………………… 11~12
掃描式電子顯微鏡蟲卵標本製作………………………… 12
萃取蟲卵醣蛋白…………………………………………… 12~13
第三章、 結果…………………………………………..………. 14~18
第四章、 討論…………………………………………………… 19~24
致謝………………………………………………………………. 25
引用文獻………………………………………………………… 26~36
圖表說明………………………………………………………… 37~58

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