本論文在於探討各項設計射頻功率放大器所需的基本理論，以及
電路的各種設計技巧，並實際製作一個2.4GHz ISM 頻帶（Industrial、
Scientific and Medical band）的MMIC A 類射頻功率放大器驗證相關
理論。本功率放大器的操作頻率範圍為2.4~2.483 GHz，直流電壓源
為3V，採用GCS 的InGaP/GaAs Power HBT 製程進行電路設計，設
計時包括了S 參數的匹配設計與最大功率輸出的匹配設計。經模擬得
到電路的增益為12.08dB，當輸入信號功率為9dBm 時其最大功率輸
出為20.25dBm。設計電路時是以Ansft Serenade 8.0 進行電路模擬並
以Cadence Virtuaso Layout Editor 完成IC 佈局的工作，
設計功率放大器並不適用設計小訊號放大器的相關設計方式，在
本論文的第三章介紹了設計各種不同類型的功率放大器時所需參數
的計算方式，電路實際製作方式與成果則在第四章中有詳細的說明，
第五章則為本論文最後的結論。

This paper is talking about basic theory of each RF power amplifiers,
and many design technology of circuit. Moreover, we implement a
MMIC Class A power amplifier which operating frequency is 2.4GHz
ISM band (Industrial、Scientific and Medical band) to prove the related
theories. The operating frequency range of our power amplifier is 2.4 ~
2.483 GHz, and DC power supply is 3V.
We use InGaP/GaAS power HBT process of GCS to design our
circuit by matching S-parameter and optimum load for maximum power
output in the input port and output port. In the simulation results, we got
the gain of power amplifier is 12.08 dB and when input signal power is 9
dBm, we got the maximum power output which is 20.25 dBm. To
design this circuit is using Ansoft Serenade 8.0 to process the circuit
simulation, and using Cadence Virtuaso Layout Editor to finish IC layout.
It is not suitable for using the design rule of the small signal
amplifier to design a power amplifier. In this paper''s chapter 3, we
introduce several types of power amplifier, and each parameters which
each power amplifier need. In the chapter 4, we discuss the detail of
practical circuit design and the results. In the chapter 5, it is the
conclusion of this paper.

第1 章緒論.................................................................................... 1-1
1-1. 研究動機..................................................................................... 1-1
1-2. 研究背景..................................................................................... 1-3
1-3. 研究方法與步驟......................................................................... 1-4
1-4. 章節簡介..................................................................................... 1-6
第2 章基礎微波理論簡介................................................................ 2-1
2-1. S 參數（S-parameter）............................................................... 2-1
2-1-1 簡介....................................................................................... 2-1
2-1-2 定義....................................................................................... 2-1
2-2. 反射係數與穩定性..................................................................... 2-3
2-2-1 反射係數............................................................................... 2-3
2-2-2 穩定性................................................................................... 2-4
2-3. 功率增益方程式......................................................................... 2-7
2-3-1 轉移功率增益（Transducer Power Gain）－GT ................ 2-7
2-3-2 可用功率增益（Available Power Gain）－GA................... 2-8
2-3-3 工作功率增益（Operating Power Gain）－GP .................. 2-8
2-3-4 定值增益圓（Constant Gain Circle）................................. 2-9
2-4. 效率............................................................................................. 2-9
2-5. 輸出功率與1dB 增益壓縮點.................................................. 2-10
2-6. 失真（Distortion） .................................................................. 2-11
2-6-1 諧波失真............................................................................. 2-11
2-6-2 互調失真............................................................................. 2-12
2-6-2-1 三階互調失真（IMD3） .......................................... 2-12
2-7. 雜訊指數（Noise Figure）...................................................... 2-13
2-8. 結語........................................................................................... 2-15
第3 章微波功率放大器設計概論.................................................... 3-1
3-1. 功率放大器的種類..................................................................... 3-1
3-1-1 A 類功率放大器.................................................................... 3-1
3-1-2 B 類功率放大器.................................................................... 3-1
3-1-3 C 類功率放大器.................................................................... 3-1
3-1-4 D、E、F 類功率放大器....................................................... 3-2
3-2. 最佳負載的求取方式................................................................. 3-2
3-2-1 負載調整法........................................................................... 3-3
3-2-2 公式計算............................................................................... 3-4
3-2-2-1 A 類功率放大器： ......................................................... 3-5
3-2-2-2 B 類功率放大器： ......................................................... 3-8
3-2-2-3 E 類功率放大器：........................................................ 3-10
3-3. 偏壓電路與匹配網路的設計................................................... 3-11
3-3-1 直流偏壓電路..................................................................... 3-11
3-3-2 匹配網路設計..................................................................... 3-14
3-4. 結語........................................................................................... 3-18
第4 章功率放大器設計與製作........................................................ 4-1
4-1. 前言............................................................................................. 4-1
4-2. 2.4GHz A 類射頻功率放大器電路設計.................................... 4-2
4-2-1 概論....................................................................................... 4-2
4-2-2 直流偏壓電路與輸入匹配網路........................................... 4-2
4-2-3 電路穩定度模擬................................................................... 4-5
4-2-4 最佳負載模擬....................................................................... 4-5
4-2-5 電路佈局............................................................................... 4-9
4-3. 模擬與實際量測結果分析比對............................................... 4-12
4-3-1 量測步驟............................................................................. 4-13
4-3-2 量測結果報告..................................................................... 4-15
4-3-3 量測結果分析..................................................................... 4-21
4-4. 結語........................................................................................... 4-22
第5 章總論......................................................................................... 5-1
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