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研究生:林佳伶
研究生(外文):Ja-ling Lin
論文名稱:以斐氏圖及AND/OR圖發展彈性工件途程控制器
論文名稱(外文):The development of flexible part routing controller based on Petri nets and AND/OR graph
指導教授:高有成高有成引用關係
指導教授(外文):Yu-cheng Kao
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:朝陽科技大學
系所名稱:工業工程與管理系碩士班
學門:工程學門
學類:工業工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2001
畢業學年度:89
語文別:中文
論文頁數:102
中文關鍵詞:彈性製造系統彈性途程AND/OR Graphs斐氏圖
外文關鍵詞:Flexible manufacturing systemFlexible part dispatchingAND/OR GraphsPetri nets
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:1
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摘要
彈性工件途程選擇問題,意指從零件的多個製程路徑中,依生產現場狀況選擇最適路徑來執行。本研究以工件的加工途程與生產資源分開方式作為塑模的觀點,將零件路徑選擇決策的建立與實體設備的建模分開處理,建立一具有彈性途程路徑選擇功能的控制模式。此控制模式在路徑選擇的決策部分,利用AND/OR Graph建立工件途程選擇的處理邏輯;而在生產資源實體設備的建模部分,利用斐氏圖(Petri Nets)建立路徑選擇控制模式;最後以一溝通介面整合零件路徑決策資訊與實體設備控制資訊。此控制器在彈性製造系統中,既可表現工件多途程加工的特性,又能即時反映生產現場的狀況及生產者的排程決策,並可對多途程零件進行最適當的派工,且擁有高度維護的能力。
This research proposes a new approach to design a flexible real-time dispatching controller for an automated flexible manufacturing systems. In this approach, the flexible part routing problem is solved by representing part routings with AND/OR graphs and modeling production resource controls with Colored Petri Nets (CPN) separately. For each step of a part, the AND/OR routing graph is employed to determine the next machine in which the part will be processed. The machine selection process is guided by the A* heuristic search method under the consideration of both current machine status and selected scheduling rules. CPN resource graphs are used to simulate part traveling among machines necessary to visit, send machine selection request and receive machine selection results for each part, and pass dispatching commands to real parts and production devices. Integration of these two modules makes the dispatching decisions and control much easier to implement from the viewpoint of modeling and software development. A flexible real-time dispatching software has been developed and two examples have been used to illustrate the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed approach can effectively cope with the real time dispatching problem for multiple parts with multiple routings.
目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
謝誌 iii
目錄iv
圖目錄vi
表目錄viii
第一章緒論1
1-1研究背景1
1-2研究動機3
1-3研究目的4
1-4研究範圍5
1-5研究方法與流程6
1-6論文架構7
第二章文獻探討8
2-1AND/OR Graph8
2-2Petri Nets技術探討12
2-3彈性製造系統的排程控制18
2-4製程計畫的選擇問題21
第三章彈性工件途程控制問題24
3-1問題描述24
3-2問題定義25
3-3方法論27
第四章建構彈性工件途程控制模式34
4-1彈性工件途程控制功能模式34
4-1-1途程決策模組功能模式38
4-1-2途程控制模組功能模式41
4-2建構途程決策模組43
4-2-1零件製程的圖形化表現43
4-2-2途程選擇法則46
4-3建構途程控制模組53
4-3-1機器模組之PN模式53
4-3-2途程控制模組之PN模式56
4-4整合模式59
4-4-1建構模式溝通閘道61
4-4-2途程控制器動態模式63
4-5途程控制器動態模式開發68
第五章個案研究69
5-1個案一之途程控制動態模式之模擬與分析69
5-1-1個案說明―單一零件多製造途程69
5-1-2建立J1之AND/OR圖形模式70
5-1-3建立J1之PN控制模式70
5-1-4建立J1之途程控制動態模式72
5-1-5J1途程控制動態模式之模擬與分析73
5-2個案二之途程控制動態模式之模擬與分析80
5-2-1個案說明―多零件多製造途程80
5-2-2多零件加工之途程控制模擬與分析81
第六章結論與建議86
6-1結論86
6-2未來研究方向與建議88
參考文獻89
附錄96
圖目錄
圖1.1、製造程序圖2
圖1.2、研究流程圖6
圖2.1、ISO process plan model 架構9
圖2.2、製程計畫AND/OR Graph圖形範例10
圖2.3、斐氏圖基本圖形元素13
圖2.4、斐氏圖執行圖14
圖2.5、加工活動之斐氏圖簡單範例圖14
圖2.6、圖2.5中的斐氏圖可到達樹15
圖2.7、FMS排程問題分類圖20
圖3.1、零件製程路徑選擇範例25
圖3.2、途程控制器之概念架構27
圖3.3、路徑選擇處理器與PN模擬器之訊息傳遞圖28
圖3.4、CPN的衝突分類29
圖3.5、方法論架構30
圖3.6、彈性工件途程控制器輸出入架構圖33
圖4.1、彈性工件途程控制器之A-0層34
圖4.2、彈性工件途程控制器之A0層35
圖4.3、途程決策模組IDEF0圖38
圖4.4、選擇目前最適路徑IDEF0功能展開圖39
圖4.5、途程控制模組IDEF0圖41
圖4.6、表之工件1的製程AND/OR圖45
圖4.7、圖4.6之製程路徑OR圖45
圖4.8、製程路徑OR圖決策階段劃分圖47
圖4.9、路徑選擇邏輯流程圖49
圖4.10、路徑評估之計算表示51
圖4.11、零件加工之 值示意圖51
圖4.12、h值表示範例圖52
圖4.13、機器生產訊息PN圖 54
圖4.14、一機器模組之PN模式55
圖4.15、途程控制之PN模式57
圖4.16、途程選擇模式之訊息傳遞圖60
圖4.17、訊息溝通閘道PN圖61
圖4.18、途程控制器動態架構64
圖4.19、途程控制器動態模式開發概念68
圖5.1、J1之製程計畫OR圖70
圖5.2、J1之決策階段劃分圖70
圖5.3、J1之途程控制PN模式71
圖5.4、J1之途程控制動態模式72
圖5.5、編號P01之J1工件第一階段決策要求畫面73
圖5.6、編號P01之J1工件第一階段的決策結果74
圖5.7、編號P01之J1工件加工模擬75
圖5.8、編號P01之J1工件第二階段的決策結果76
圖5.9、案例一之途程模擬結果輸出77
圖5.10、機器當機之決策模擬78
圖5.11、J2之製程計畫OR圖80
圖5.12、J2之決策階段劃分圖80
圖5.13、多零件生產之途程控制模式81
圖5.14、多零件加工之模擬畫面82
圖5.15、候選節點資源佔用之決策模擬82
圖5.16、J1、J2零件加工之示意圖83
表 目 錄
表2.1、製程計劃表現模式比較12
表2.2、路徑選擇研究之比較23
表4.1、零件製程計畫範例44
表4.2、圖4.14單一機器模組中place及transition之定義55
表4.3、圖4.15途程控制PN模式之place及transition之定義57
表4.4、途程選擇模式訊息分類表59
表4.5、圖4.17訊息溝通閘道PN圖之place及transition之定義61
表4.6、訊息接收與傳遞place之意義。65
表5.1、J1之加工需求69
表5.2、圖5.3之place及transition之定義71
表5.3、J1零件加工路徑整理表79
表5.4、J2之加工需求80
表5.5、零件J1、J2之加工路徑整理表84
表6.1、研究方法比較表87
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