臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今的生產或商業活動中，管理者致力於成本的降低，為公司求得更好的競爭力和最大的利潤。在存貨管理的領域，能控制前置時間(lead time)這項因素，使得公司的存貨減少，將有助於成本的降低。像日本豐田式即時化生產制度(just-in-time；JIT)的觀念，就是以減少前置時間的方式來達到減少存貨成本的目的。
近幾十年來，學者對於前置時間的控制也有許多的研究。在這些研究中，通常都將前置時間假設為固定常數或是一個決策變數來求得最佳的訂購量。但是這樣對前置時間的而言，仍舊是不符合實際的情況。本論文主要是以Ben-Daya和Raouf在1994年考慮趕工成本(crashing cost)下所發展出的存貨模型，導入前置時間和批量(lot size)兩者間的線性關係，建構新的存貨模型，並舉例來說明最佳訂貨量的存在。

Managers devote themselves reducing costs. They make their company competitive and increasing their benefit. In area of inventory management, it is useful to control lead time to reduce the inventory level. The ideal of just-in-time (JIT), for example, lowers the lead time to achieve the object of reducing the inventory cost.
Scholars have researched the control of lead time for more than ten years ago. In their studies, they usually assume lead time is a constant or decision variable to find the optimal order quantity. It doesn’t correspond with the realistic environment under these assumptions. In this research, we extend Ban-Daya and Raouf model by incorporating a linear relationship between lot size and lead time and we propose a new model. Moreover, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the existence of the optimal order quantity.

摘 要I
ABSTRACTII
致 謝III
目 錄IV
圖表目錄VI
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究動機1
1.2研究目的4
第二章 文獻探討6
2.1 WILSON模型6
2.2有關前置時間的相關研究7
第三章 模式建構11
第四章 模式驗證18
4.1 範例18
4.2 敏感度分析20
第五章結論與建議23
5.1結論23
5.2建議事項23
參考文獻24

[1]賴士葆(民八四, 八月), “生產作業管理”, 華泰書局, 二版。
[2]黃營杉譯(民八八), “策略管理”, 華泰書局, 四版
[3]蔡慧瑩(民八九), “可控制前置時間的混合行常態分配需求量之混合存貨模式”, 淡江大學統計研究所碩士論文
[4]Ben-Daya, M.and Raouf, A. [1994], “Inventory Models Involving Lead Time as a Decision Variable”, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 579-582.
[5]Candace, A. Y. [1987], “Planned Leadtimes for Serial Production Systems”, IIE transactions, Vol.19, No.3, pp.300-307.
[6]Chiu, H. N. [1995], “An Approximation to the Continuous Review Inventory Model with Perishable Items and Lead Time”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.87, No.1, pp.93-108.
[7]Das, C., [1975],”Effect of Lead Time on Inventory: A Static Analysis”, Operational Research Quarterly, Vol. 26, No.2, pp.273-282.
[8]Edward A. Silver, and David F. Pyke, and Rein Peterson, [1998], Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling, Wiley, New York.
[9]Foote, B., Kebriaei, N. and Kumin, H., [1988], ”Heuristic Policies for Inventory Ordering Problems with Long and Randomly Varying Lead Times”, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 115-124.
[10]Hariga, M. and Ben-Daya, M. [1999], “Some Stochastic Inventory Models with Deterministic Variable Lead Time”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 113, pp. 42-51.
[11]Hariga, M. [1999], “A Stochastic Inventory Model with Lead Time and Lot Size Interaction”, Production Planning and Control, Vol.10, No. 5, pp. 434-438
[12]Karmarkar, U. S., [1987], “Lot Size and, Lead Times and In-Process Inventories”, Management Science, Vol. 33, pp. 409-418.
[13]Kim, D. H. and Park, K. S. [1985], “(Q,r) Inventory Model with a Mixture of Lost Sales and Time-Weighted Backorders”, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol.36, No.3, pp.231-238.
[14]Kim, J. S., and Benton, W. C., [1995], “Lot Size Dependent Lead Times in a Q,R Inventory System”, International Journal of Production Management, Vol. 33, pp. 41-58..
[15]Liao, C. J. and Shyu, C. H., [1991], “An Analytical Determination of Lead Time with Normal Demand”, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Vol. 11, pp. 72-78.
[16]Liberatore, M. [1997], “Planning Horizons for a Stochastic Lead Time Model”, Operations Research, Vol.25, No.6, pp.977-988.
[17]Magson, D, [1979], “Stock Control When the Lead Time Cannot Be Considered Constant”, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 317-322.
[18]Naddor, E. [1966], Inventory Systems, Wiley, New York.
[19]Ouyang, L.Y. Yeh, N.C. K.S. Wu, [1996], “Mixture Inventory Models with Backorders and Lost Sales for Variable Lead Time”, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 47, pp. 829-832.
[20]Ravichandran, N. [1995], “Stochastic Analysis of a Continuous Review Perishable Inventory System with Positive Lead Time and Poisson Demand”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.84, No.1, pp.444-457.
[21]Sliver, E. A. and Peterson, R. [1985], Decision Systems for Inventory Management and Production Planning, Wiley, New York..
[22]Tersine, R. J. [1982], Principles of Inventory and Materials Management, North-Holland, New York.