臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

對職業意外事故進行系統化研究的主要目的在於獲得防災策略的資訊。
因此本研究首先以重大職災致災變項中的個人特性資料，含年齡、性別
與行業別為主要的考量變項，使用卡方自動交互作用檢測法與標準化發
生比(SMR)分析1989, 1900與1992年台閩地區重大職災資料，探討年齡、性別、職業別、與災害類型之複雜關係，以瞭解關鍵變項間的相互影響
情形。此外，本研究亦應用標準化發生比(SMR)與自動交互作用檢測法，分析非重大勞保職災資料。分析結果，職業別、性別與年齡對重大與非
重大職災均有顯著影響，並依災害類型之不同，將重大職災歸納出五種
影響模式，非重大職災歸納出六種影響模式，證實重大職災與非重大職
災的發生機轉與影響層面有很大的差異。其次，整合重大職災與非重大
職災資料確認職災高危險性群體的優先順位，以提供相關單位在研擬勞
動檢查法、勞工安全衛生法、勞動基準法等相關政策法規，或是執行勞
工安全衛生監督檢查與勞工安全衛生訓練與輔導時之參考。最後為深入
瞭解身心障礙者發生職業傷害的現況，本研究應用標準化發生比分析模
式檢定身心障礙勞工與一般勞工在性別、年齡與職業別的職災分佈是否
有顯著差異，結果顯示身心障礙勞確實較一般勞工容易發生職業災害。
透過本研究，期望未來在職災的防制策略與工作環境的設計上，能更符
合身心障礙勞工的實際需求。
關鍵詞：重大職業災害、非重大職業災害、標準化發生比(SMR)、卡方自
動交互作用檢視法。

Accident analysis is an important source of information for accident prevention strategy decisions. The first study of the current research reanalyzed 1,230 work-related single fatalities in the years 1989, 1990, and 1992 with a model free approach to reveal the significant factors contributing to such fatalities. A model-free approach CHAID is used to reveal the complex nested hierarchical interaction between categorical independent and dependent contributing variables. Predictor variables mainly focused on the demographic variables including age, gender and industry of the victim and whether the worker was victimized in any fatality will be the independent variable. The demographic information on occupational fatality is reanalyzed to partition the working population into a series of non-overlapping subgroups which had different proneness to the twelve types of occupational fatalities.
The analysis also incorporate nonfatal disabling work-related injuries occurred between 1993-1994 as our previous analysis analyzed the occupational fatalities. For each work-related injury, the predictor variables including age, gender, industry group, while accident type is the criterion variable. Five and six patterns were identified to reveal the interactive pattern of age, gender, and industry of the victims involving in fatal and nonfatal occupational accidents respectively, these interactive patterns provide an overview of the demographic variables and can lead to further in-depth scenario analysis of the occupational accidents for different demorgraphic groups.
Lastly, the current research compared the disabling injuries of the handicapped workers with the non-handicapped workers using the SMR method. The results suggested that the occupational injury risk of handicapped workers must be taken into account seriously in particular to look at the reasons behind this unexpectedly high occupational risk. Through this approach, strategies and interventions which are specific to the workplace for the handicapped workers can be established more realistically.
Keywords: occupational fatality, nonfatal injury, SMR ,CHAID

摘要……………………………………………………………i
英文摘要…….…………………………………………………ii
誌謝……………………………………………………………iv
目錄……………………………………………………………v
圖目錄…………………………………………………………vii
表目錄…………………………………………………………viii
符號說明表……………………………………………………ix
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………1
1.1研究背景……………………………………………………1
1.2研究目的……………………………………………………2
1.3研究架構……………………………………………………5
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………7
2.1職業意外事故的理論性推論研究方法……………………7
2.2職業意外事故的衡量方法…………………………………13
2.3職業意外事故的防制方法…………………………………14
第三章 研究方法………………………………………………15
3.1標準化發生比………………………………………………15
3.2推敲分析法…………………………………………………18
3.3卡方自動交互作用檢測法…………………………………19
第四章 台灣地區重大職災影響模式…………………………25
4.1前言…………………………………………………………25
4.2資料來源與變項定義………………………………………27
4.3分析方法與步驟……………………………………………27
4.4分析結果……………………………………………………31
4.5討論與結論…………………………………………………47
第五章 台灣地區非重大職災的人口統計變項影響模式……49
5.1前言…………………………………………………………49
5.2資料來源與變項定義………………………………………50
5.3分析方法與步驟……………………………………………53
5.4分析結果……………………………………………………53
5.4討論與結論…………………………………………………74
第六章 台灣地區重大與非重大職災整合影響模式…………76
6.1前言…………………………………………………………76
6.2資料來源與變項定義………………………………………76
6.3分析方法與步驟……………………………………………77
6.4分析結果……………………………………………………79
6.5討論與結論…………………………………………………83
第七章 台灣地區身心障礙者的職災害影響模式……………91
7.1前言…………………………………………………………91
7.2分析方法……………………………………………………92
7.3分析結果……………………………………………………92
7.4結論…………………………………………………………93
第八章 結論與建議……………………………………………95
8.1結論…………………………………………………………95
8.2建議…………………………………………………………97
參考文獻………………………………………………………98

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