臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

新產品發展就是一個知識創造的過程，而新產品發展團隊運作過程不僅是單純的社會性互動過程，更應該強調是一種認知的過程。本文最主要的目的在於探討新產品發展過程知識創造整合者所扮演的二個角色功能包括吸收新產品概念並將新產品概念轉換化成明確的發展方向以利團隊成員投入及努力。本文根據整合者角色功能提出一個新產品發展模式，從新產品概念投入到整合新產品發展團隊進行知識創造的過程，其中探討影響整合者概念吸收因素例如新產品概念複雜性、整合者轉換能力及新產品發展績效等，並以實證方式驗證模式的適切性及各變項之間的關係。
根據實證資料收集，總計以78個新產品發展專案為樣本，採用LISREL統計軟體進行分析，包括驗證性因素分析及結構模式分析。實證結果支持本文所提出模式及假設。研究發現包括（1）新產品概念複雜性愈低、新產品概念提供者多元能力、整合者瞭解團隊成員程度等三個前因變項與整合者概念吸收程度存在顯著正向關係。（2）整合者概念吸收程度愈高則整合者轉換能力愈高。（3）整合者轉換能力愈高則新產品發展績效愈高。（4）整合者概念吸收程度是其前因變項包括新產品概念複雜性愈低、新產品概念提供者多元能力、整合者瞭解團隊成員程度等三個前因變項與新產品發展績效間之中介變數。（5）整合者轉換能力是整合者概念吸收與新產品發展績效間之中介變數。
根據研究結果本文主要有以下貢獻。在理論部份，我們提出以知識創造整合者角色為中心之新產品發展模式，透過整合者概念吸收及整合者將新產品概念轉換為團隊成員具以投入知識創造過程，讓新產品發展流程與知識創造活動獲得更進一步的瞭解。在實務方面，本文的研究結論提供實務界瞭解影響整合者概念吸收及整合者轉換能力的因素進而影響新產品發展績效的建議，將有助於實務界瞭解整合者角色在新產品發展及知識創造過程的重要性，提供實務界如何有效運用整合者角色以協助組織提昇知識創造成效。

NPD was used as the context for the research because of its nature of knowledge creation; NPD management should emphasize cognitive team processes rather than purely social processes. The primary purpose of this thesis dissertation is to understand the role of integrators functions─absorb new product ideas and transform it into a clarify direction for NPD team member’s effort. This thesis proposed and empirically validated a knowledge integration process model of NPD where the relationships between antecedents (i.e. the degree of integrator’s absorb new product ideas), integrator’s transform ability and NPD outcome.
Data analysis on the 78 usable questionnaire was conducted with LISREL and involved confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The findings evidenced substantial statistical support for the model and hypotheses. The finding show that (1) the simply of new product ideas, more multiple ability with new product idea provider, and the degree of integrator understanding team members increase the degree of integrator’s absorb new product ideas; (2) the more sufficient of integrator’s absorb new product ideas increase integrator’s transform ability; (3) the higher the integrator’s transform ability increase NPD outcome; (4) the degree of integrator’s absorb new product ideas is a mediate variable between three antecedents (the simply of new product ideas, more multiple ability with new product idea provider, and the degree of integrator understanding the team members) and NPD outcome; (5) integrator’s transform ability is a mediate variable between the degree of integrator’s absorb new product ideas and NPD outcome.
The dissertation makes a number of contributions. At the theoretical level, a knowledge integration approach to understanding NPD process is developed. At the practical level, suggestions are made as to how organizations may improve the knowledge creation by the role of integrator.

目錄
論文摘要1
英文摘要3
誌謝5
目錄6
圖目錄9
表目錄10
第一章 緒論11
第一節 研究背景與研究動機11
第二節 研究問題與研究目的13
第三節 研究流程13
第二章 文獻探討16
第一節 知識創造內涵16
一、知識的定義16
二、知識創造17
三、知識創造方法18
四、促進知識創造的角色扮演22
五、小結26
第二節 整合者角色與新產品發展26
一、知識創造整合者角色與新產品發展26
二、新產品發展過程整合者的角色功能27
三、小結28
第三節 整合者角色與移轉理論28
一、移轉理論29
二、吸收能力33
三、轉換能力及整合機制34
第三章 研究設計與研究方法36
第一節 研究架構與研究假設36
一、研究架構36
二、研究假設37
三、小結42
第二節 研究設計43
一、研究對象與資料蒐集44
二、研究變數操作性定義與衡量45
三、問卷設計與修正48
第四章 資料分析與解釋51
第一節 樣本屬性分析51
一、回收率51
二、回收樣本之整理與描述性統計51
第二節 衡量尺度之信度與效度檢驗53
一、各衡量構面之信度分析54
二、檢驗效度－收斂效度及區別效度60
第三節 LISREL分析與研究假設檢定63
一、LISREL分析64
二、本研究架構之LISREL Model66
三、模式發展68
第五節 分析結果70
一、相關分析70
二、假設模式評估70
三、研究假設之檢定結果73
四、中介效果檢定75
第伍章 結論與建議81
第一節 研究結論81
一、假設模式解釋力81
二、研究假設結果82
第二節 研究貢獻84
第三節 研究限制86
第四節 後續研究建議86
參考文獻88
問卷附錄98
圖目錄
圖1-1 本研究流程圖15
圖2-1 知識移轉的五階段30
圖3-1 研究架構37
圖4-1 檢驗衡量工具之信度與效度示意圖54
圖4-2 解釋變收確認性因素分析衡量模式62
圖4-3 研究假設模式圖66
圖5-1 假設模式路徑係數圖分析結果83
表目錄
表2-1 知識轉化模式之目的與機制19
表3-5 本研究假設彙整表43
表3-3 修訂後之研究變數衡量量表49
表4-1 樣本基本資料表52
表4-2 新產品概念提供者多元能力衡量信度55
表4-3 新產品概念吸收機會衡量信度55
表4-4 概念複雜度衡量信度56
表4-5 整合者能力衡量信度57
表4-6 整合者瞭解團隊成員程度衡量信度57
表4-7 高階主管支持衡量信度58
表4-8 整合者概念吸收程度衡量信度59
表4-9 整合者轉換能力衡量信度59
表4-10 整合者轉換能力衡量信度60
表4-11 整合者概念吸收程度衡量模式之驗證性因素分析結果61
表4-12 解釋變數各項構面區別效度分析表63
表4-13 衡量模式各潛在變項標準化因素分析結果65
表4-14 研究變項相關分析表70
表4-15 觀察變項與潛在變項之相關程度指標（SMC）71
表4-16 巢狀模式法比較分析表72
表4-17 假設模式之假設路徑檢定結果72
表4-18 整合者概念吸收及整合者轉換能力之中介效果78
表4-19 整合者轉換能力中介效果檢定結果79
表4-20 潛在自變項對潛在依變項的關連效果分析80
表5-1 研究假設檢定結果彙整84

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