臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前台灣的低壓配電系統以三相四線Y接地220/380V為主，在住商混合區則以三相四線V-V接110/220V供應單相負載供電，在配電安全規章與設計習慣下，電機技師常是以假設負載不平衡分配並不嚴重而可能將中性線的規格降低來設計。
但近年來大量使用電力電子設備，其產生之電流諧波將影響電力品質及用電安全，且當這些電流全部流至中性線時將使中性線過載而引起火災，因此，為探討高諧波負載所產生之諧波電流對配電系統之影響，本論文利用商用模擬軟體PSpice建立各種低壓系統之模型，藉以分析變壓器繞組接線方式及負載諧波對系統線路之影響，並將可能危及配電安全之情況，提出解決之道。

The three phases four wires 220/380V grounded Y connected con-figuration is mostly used for low voltage distribution system in Taiwan. Meanwhile the three phases four wires 110/220 V-V connected configu-ration is widely used for commercial and residencial regions to supply single phase home appliances and other equipments. The electrical engi-neers were used to design low voltage distribution system with reducing the rating of the neutral wire based on the considerations that electric loads were distributed evenly and the unbalance condition was not very serious.
Recently, a large number of power electronic control equipments were used in industrial applications, the current harmonic contents became to be the major concerns affect the power quality of the distribution sys-tems and the electric safety. It may cause electric fire hazards when the total current flowing in the neutral wire exceeds the rated ampacity of the neutral wire. The research was devoted to discuss the effects and harmfulness due to current harmonics caused by higher harmonic loads in the distribution system. The various connections model of the dis-tribution transformer and Y/ connected configurations of the loads were proposed firstly, then we simulate and analyze the effects caused by current harmonics by Pspice, a commercial simulation software, in order to evaluate the distribution safety quantitively. Finally, many strategies were proposed to solve the current harmonics problems caused by lighting luminaries as an example to discuss the effectiveness of the strategies proposed.

目錄
中文摘要I
英文摘要II
誌謝III
圖目錄VII
表目錄X
符號索引XII
第一章 緒論1
1. 1研究動機1
1.2研究目的2
第二章 諧波對配電系統的影響4
2.1前言4
2. 2諧波定義4
2.2.1電壓失真5
2.2.2電流失真6
2.3諧波來源6
2. 4諧波的影響8
2.5變壓器與諧波之關係9
2. 6諧波限制及標準11
第三章 低壓系統等效電路模型13
3. 1各種變壓器連接方式等效電路模型13
3.1.1單相變壓器模型15
3.1.2三相變壓器模型22
3.2各種負載等效電路模型33
3.3結語35
第四章 變壓器連接方式對負載供電所產生之電流諧波
分佈模擬探討37
4. 1前言37
4.2單相三線式38
4. 3三相四線式△­Y接線43
4.4三相四線式V­V 接線50
4.5三相四線式△­△接線52
4.6結語54
第五章 實例量測與探討55
5.1前言55
5.2實例說明55
5.2.1案例一55
5.2.2案例二59
5.3結語61
第六章配電設計改善與成本比較62
6. 1前言62
6.2配電設計改善63
6.2.1保護設備改善63
6.2.2接線方式變更63
6.2.3分路負載計算變更67
6.3配電設計改善成本比較68
6.3.1保護設備改善成本比較68
6.3.2保護設備改善案例套討69
6.3.3三相三線△接與三相四線Y接成本比較70
6.3.4單相三線與三相四線成本比較71
6.3.5 △−ж 接線與△− Y 接線成本比較72
6.4結語72
第七章 結論74
7.1本文結論74
7.2未來研究方向與建議75
參考文獻77

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