臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　由於生活水準的提昇與對生活品質的要求相對提高下，使得人們對於噪音的干擾已日益無法忍受，且長期處在惡劣的噪音環境底下，不僅會造成聽力退化，更直接影響身心健康。近年來，由於數位訊號處理技術和電子技術的突破與開發，以及相關理論基礎與估測技術的日益完善，使得主動式噪音消除器在實務應用上已逐漸可行。這種主動式噪音消除器的核心，一般都是以結構簡單的FIR濾波器搭配適應性法則所形成的適應性濾波器為主體，用以估測系統中的主路徑與次路徑之等效轉移函數。在實際的IIR系統中，使用FIR濾波器為其等效系統，不可避免的會因為脈衝響應的末端被截斷而使其輸出產生誤差，而適當的階數選擇攸關整體系統的準確度與運算成本，因此本研究即針對階數取決的問題，探討並利用結構間相互正交的格式濾波器，依此發展出一種可變變動階格數格式適應性濾波器，並將此濾波器運用在耳機式的雙感測器型主動噪音消除系統之硬體電路中，同時利用離線式技術與FXLMS法則來估測及補償次路徑所造成的效應，最後以實際錄得之噪音訊號來驗證本系統的效能與可行性。

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 簡介 …………………………………………… 1
1.2 目的 …………………………………………… 8
1.3 內容大綱 ……………………………………… 9
第二章 主動式噪音消除系統與格式適應性濾波器 11
2.1 簡介 …………………………………………… 11
2.2 主動式噪音消除系統之基本架構 …………… 14
2.3 噪音消除原理與所面臨的問題 ……………… 18
2.4 格式濾波器之結構、原理與分析 …………… 23
2.5 格式適應性濾波器之基本原理與步進值的調
整法則 ………………………………………… 44
第三章 固定及可變變動階格數之格式適應性濾波器 59
3.1 簡介 …………………………………………… 59
3.2 固定變動階格數法則 ………………………… 60
3.3 可變變動階格數法則 ………………………… 70
3.4 結果驗證與運算時間成本分析 ……………… 74
第四章 硬體製作與實驗結果 95
4.1 簡介 …………………………………………… 95
4.2 硬體電路設計與製作 ………………………… 97
4.3 實驗結果 ……………………………………… 104
第五章 結論 123
參考文獻 126
附錄A FPGA電路圖 130
作者簡介 136

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