臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

線性黏性阻尼器之特色為不具儲存勁度，阻尼力與速度成正比且同相。本研究針對線性黏性阻尼器進行性能測試，證實此力學特性；並以對角斜撐裝置方式及肘型斜撐裝置方式於一縮尺三層樓剛構架中安裝線性黏性阻尼器，進行單軸向地震力輸入之振動台試驗，驗證阻尼器之減震效益。試驗結果顯示線性黏性阻尼器確能有效提高構架整體阻尼比，降低結構物受地震力之反應，且肘型斜撐裝置系統表現優於傳統對角斜撐裝置方式。另使用SAP2000N軟體進行數值模擬，比對試驗值與數值模擬結果顯示SAP2000N可準確模擬空構架及以對角方式裝置阻尼器之構架於地震力下之反應，肘型斜撐裝置系統因鉸接處縫隙影響較大，模擬結果欠佳。
肘型斜撐系統藉由幾何形式放大阻尼器之位移及力量，達到提高阻尼器減震效能之目的。本研究將放大因子化約為 、 及 三無因次尺寸參數之函數，推導其公式及尺寸束制條件，俾利於實務設計之使用，並由放大因子之參數分析，釐清各尺寸參數對肘型斜撐系統放大倍率之影響。振動台試驗結果將以Norio Hori所提之瞬時輸入能量觀點予以分析，分析結果顯示瞬時輸入能量比總輸入能量更能反映地震力對結構物之威脅程度。

In this study, cyclic loading tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical characteristics of linear viscous dampers. In addition, shaking table tests were also performed on a three-story steel structure with supplemental linear viscous dampers. The installation of these dampers is divided into the diagonal brace and the toggle brace configurations of the dampers. Based on the test results, it is concluded that the addition of the dampers can significantly reduce both the displacement and the acceleration responses of the structure subjected to various ground excitations. Numerical correlation using SAP2000N has shown a good agreement between the analytical and experimental results. However, for a stiff structure such as the tested one, the gap existing in the swivel joint of the damper may affect the added damping ratio to the structure, and also affect the numerical simulation accuracy.
In order to facilitate the practical design, the magnification factors and geometric constrains of the toggle-brace system are expressed in terms of three dimensionless geometric parameters, and . The concept of momentary input energy is adopted to analyze the experimental data. The result shows that momentary input energy rather than the total input energy may serve as a better index to estimate the damage potential of earthquakes.

中文摘要Ⅰ
英文摘要Ⅲ
誌謝Ⅴ
目錄Ⅶ
表索引ⅩⅠ
圖索引ⅩⅢ
第一章緒論1
1.1 研究背景及目的1
1.2 研究內容3
第二章 液態線性黏性阻尼器之設計理論4
2.1 文獻回顧4
2.1.1 NEHRP規範4
2.1.2 Constantinou等人的肘型斜撐理論6
2.1.3 Kasai之制震性能曲線8
2.1.3.1 單自由度模型8
2.1.3.2 制震性能曲線10
2.2 修正之肘型斜撐位移放大因子12
2.2.1 下肘型斜撐之 值12
2.2.2 上肘型斜撐之 值14
2.3 位移放大因子之參數分析15
2.3.1 參數分析及幾何束制條件15
2.3.2 分析成果討論17
第三章 液態黏性阻尼器之介紹及性能測試19
3.1 前言19
3.2 液態黏性阻尼器之構造及力學性質19
3.2.1 液態黏性阻尼器之構造19
3.2.2 液態黏性阻尼器之力學性質20
3.3 試驗用阻尼器之性能測試22
3.3.1 性能測試試驗裝置及試驗內容22
3.3.2 性能測試結果23
第四章 試驗結構及試驗程序25
4.1前言25
4.2 試驗結構25
4.3 試驗之減震系統26
4.3.1 試驗之液態黏性阻尼減震系統設計26
4.3.1.1 對角斜撐裝置系統26
4.3.1.2 上肘型斜撐裝置系統28
4.3.2 試驗用阻尼器29
4.4 地震模擬振動台29
4.5 試驗裝置及佈設29
4.5.1 試驗裝置…29
4.5.2 試驗裝置之佈設30
4.6 試驗程序31
4.6.1 試驗選用之地震資料31
4.6.2 試驗程序31
第五章 試驗結果與討論33
5.1 白訊試驗33
5.1.1 系統識別方法33
5.1.1.1 空構架之識別33
5.1.1.2 含線性黏性阻尼器構架之識別35
5.1.2 白訊試驗結果39
5.2 地震模擬試驗結果與討論41
5.2.1 構架整體反應41
5.2.2 阻尼器之反應43
5.2.3 整體阻尼比之檢核43
5.2.4 阻尼系統設計方法之討論45
5.3 試驗結果之數值模擬47
5.3.1 SAP2000N對線性黏性阻尼器之模擬47
5.3.2 SAP2000N之模擬結果48
第六章 地震瞬時能量分析49
6.1 理論說明49
6.1.1 地震力對結構物之破壞潛勢-由能量觀點談起49
6.1.2 瞬時能量理論52
6.2 試驗數據分析54
第七章 結論 58
參考文獻60
附表63
附圖79
作者簡歷283

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