臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於高分子分子鏈較長，所以高分子間反應極慢。在押出機內反應時間短，但卻能叫全面且均勻，可以改善靜態下反應較慢的問題。少有文章對押出機內流場與高分子間反應性的關係多作討論，所以本研究即在流變儀上模擬不同剪切流場，藉由滴定馬來酸酐上COOH基的變化量，來討論高分子間的酯化反應。在靜態反應下，隨著溫度上升，酯化反應速率加快。在動態反應下，剪切率愈大，酯化速率愈大。在相同操作條件下，反覆剪切之反應速率大過於單向剪切的反應速率。反應速率增加代表高分子間反應性有改善。

Because polymers have long molecular chains, reactions between polymers are very slow. The reactions in the extruder can be well mixed and faster, so the rates of reactions can be improved by processing in the extruder. The flow fields in the extruder and the effects of flow fields on the rates of reactions in polymeric systems are rarely discussed. So this study simulates various shear flows andmeasures the results of esterification reactions through the changes of COOH groups in the reacting systems by titration. In the static test, esterification reaction becomes faster with increasing temperature. In the dynamic test, as shear rate increase, the reaction rate become faster. In the same operating condition, the reaction rate in the system sheared back and forth is faster than in a single-way shear. The increase of reaction rate implies an improved rate of reaction between polymers

第一章 緒論………………………………………………………….1
第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………..3
2.1 熱力學上的互容性……………………………………………….3
2.2 馬來酸酐酯化相關研究………………………………………….6
2.2.1 馬來酸酐酯化機制…………………………………………..7
2.2.2 馬來酸酐酯化反應速率方程式…….………………………8
2.3 流動對反應的影響……………………………………………….9
2.3.1 高分子間的質傳能力………………………………………10
2.3.2 兩相界面的總表面積………………………………………10
2.3.3 高分子間的互溶性…………………………………………13
2.3.4 聚酯高分子可能發生的酯化和酯交換反應………………14
第三章 實驗…………………………………………………………15
3.1 實驗藥品………………………………………………………...15
3.2 實驗器材………………………………………………………..15
3.3 實驗步驟………………………………………………………..16
3.3.1 樣品配置……………………………………………………16
3.3.2 靜態烘箱測試………………………………………………16
3.3.3 剪切實驗……………………………………………………17
第四章 結果與討論…………………………………………………20
4.1 靜態反應之結果與討論………………………………………...20
4.2 動態反應之結果與討論……………………………………….25
4.3 酯化動力的討論………………………………………………...33
4.4 活化能之求法………………………………………………….60
第五章 結論………………………………………………………..64
第六章 建議事項……………………………………………………66
參考文獻………………………………………………………………67
附錄……………………………………………………………………69

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