臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文第一部分針對醫學中心設計中央監控系統，利用分散直接控制方式，以監控火警消防系統、燈光控制系統、電力需量控制、電力計費系統、冷凍空調系統(Heating Ventilation and Air-Condition；HVAC)、冷水塔、空調箱、給排水系統、污廢水系統、排通風系統、醫療氣體系統、以及門禁系統等，利用圖控軟體將各系統設備之運轉狀態顯示在電腦螢幕上，並且利用電腦建立資料庫作資料收集與分析，使醫院之管理能夠達到自動化，有效提高節能效率與系統安全。
本監控系統以乙太網路為上層連接，並以TCP/IP為其通信協定，中層為RS485標準網路，下層為可延伸直接數位控制(Direct Digital Control；DDC)監控功能的區域網路，以達節約能源及精簡人力的目的。本文亦提供解碼方法，並結合點對點之控制，解決舊設備通信協定及界面轉換等問題，以達新舊系統整合之功能。
本文第二部分探討隔熱紙之光學特性及節能功能，並且詳細描述如何能夠在合理的時間內，精準測量大量隔熱紙穿透頻譜的方法。本項研究利用鹵素燈模擬太陽光譜之光源，以先進之光譜測量系統，測量各種隔熱紙在200奈米(nm)到1000 奈米的寬廣波長範圍內之穿透頻譜。為了節省測試所需的時間，本項研究以改良式電荷耦合器(Charge Coupled Device；CCD)代替傳統的光電增倍管與鎖相放大器光學偵測系統。在穿透頻譜取得之後，再分段積分，得到隔光率、隔熱率、以及隔紫外線率等特性資料，藉以評估各種隔熱紙於醫學中心節約能源上之應用。

The first part of this thesis discusses the design of a central supervisory control system for a medical center, which uses the direct digital control scheme to monitor the status of the fire alarm system, the light control system, the power control and charge system, the heating ventilation and air-condition (HVAC) system, the cooling tower, the air conditioning box, the water supplying system, the wasted water system, the air flow system, the medical air system, and the door control system. With the use of the icon control software, this central monitoring system is able to display the status of all the above-mentioned systems on the computer screen. In addition, by utilizing the computer to acquire and analyze the data, computerization of the management becomes possible for the medical center. Undoubtedly, utilization of the central monitoring system will help save the energy and enhance the safety of the overall system.
In order to save the energy and minimize the requirement of the personnel (i.e., the man power), the top-level connection of this supervisory control system is realized with the Ethernet network that uses the TCP/IP as the communication protocol; the middle-level is the standard RS485 network; and the bottom-level is the extendable direct digital control (DDC) monitor/control local network. In this work, method of decoding is provided. Along with the point-to-point control, the problems of communication protocol and interface compatibility for the old equipments can be resolved. Therefore, the old equipments can be integrated with the newly built equipments.
In the second portion of this thesis, the optical properties and energy saving function of the solar control films are investigated. In this study, the way to accurately measure the transmission spectra for a large amount of solar control films in a reasonable time is described in detail. This specific research utilizes a wide-band light source to simulate the sunlight for the transmission measurements. An advanced spectroscopy system is employed to measure the transmission spectra of the solar control films for the spectral range from 200 nm to 1000 nm. An advanced two-dimensional 1340×100 charge coupled device (CCD) system whose detection performance in the ultraviolet spectral range has been markedly enhanced, instead of the traditional photo-multiplier tube (PMT) and lock-in amplifier system, is used as the photo detector to minimize the time required for the optical experiments. After the transmission spectrum of each solar control film is obtained, the average transmission coefficients in the visible spectral range, the infrared spectral range, and the ultraviolet spectral range can be calculated with a commercially available KaleidaGraph spread sheet program, which can then be utilized for the analysis of the feasibility of using the solar control films to save energy in a medical center.

中文摘要 .………………………………………………… ………………iii
英文摘要 .………………………………………………… ………………iv
誌謝 .…………………………………………………………………….…vi
表目錄 .…………………………………………………………………….vii
圖目錄 ..……………………………………………………………………viii
第一章 緒論 .……………………………………………………………..1
1.1 研究目的 .………………………………………………………1
1.2 研究動機及背景 .………………………………………………1
1.3 國內節約能源研究之狀況 .……………………….……………4
1.4 醫學中心節能之對策.……………………………………………5
第二章 分散式監控系統用於教學級醫院節能之應用建置.…………….6
2.1分散集中監控系統特性比較 ……………………………………6
2.1.1 集中式監控系統…………………………………………6
2.1.2 分散式監控系統…………………………………………6
2.2數位化控制………………………………………………….……7
2.2.1 控制理論………..…………………………………..……7
2.2.2 輸入與輸出……………………………..…………..……8
2.3各裝置監控點功能………………………………………………11
2.3.1 冰水主機 …………………………………………..……12
2.3.2 冷卻水塔風扇 ……………………………………..……14
2.3.3 空調泵浦 …………………………………………..……15
2.3.4 空調箱系統 ………………………………………..……15
2.3.5 送排風系統 ………………………………………..……16
2.4網路 ………………………………………………………………17
2.5系統架構……………………………………………………..……22
2.6軟體理論……………………………………………………..……23
2.7開刀房/隔離病房正/負壓監控功能……………………..…..……29
2.8軟體規格……………………………………………………..……29
2.9監控系統管理………………………………………………..……30
2.10空調節能之效益分析………………..……………………..……32
2.11能源管理模組冰水主機台數控制運算…………………………34
2.12舊系統之整合理論………………………………………………38
2.13結果與未來研究方向……………………………………………39
第三章 隔熱紙特性、節能及阻隔電磁波之研究.……………………….45
3.1前言 ………………………………………………………………45
3.2能源使用與環境保護………………………………..……………45
3.3變色節能窗簡介…………………………………..………………47
3.4隔熱紙應用於醫學中心之探討與分析…………………..………48
3.4.1 隔熱紙之功能與理論………………………………..……49
3.4.2 光學理論………………………………………….....……50
3.4.3 實驗器材與方法…………………………………..…...…53
3.4.4 討論………………………………………...………..……62
第四章 結論 .………………………………………………………….….65
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………..…….67
附錄
A隔熱紙之穿透光譜詳細資料………………………………………..70
作者簡介……………………………………………………………….…….74

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