臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣地區垃圾滲出水的處理一般都難以達到放流水標準，因其水質水量變化大，加上許多焚化灰渣與垃圾共同掩埋使滲出水具高氯鹽特性，造成實場操作情況不穩定。許多研究顯示電化學法對滲出水具有良好之處理效果，其中電聚浮除法更具有處理快速的優點，本研究主要探討其對滲出水之處理能力，期望能有效降低操作不良情況下之二級出流水之COD值，減少後續高級處理的操作負荷，達到放流水標準。本研究主要探討電場強度、電極模式及停留時間等操作參數對去除率的影響，並將處理效果與混凝作一比較，另外在最佳操作條件下，進一步結合不同的前處理及後處理期望能提升去除率，包括稀釋、調整pH、循環處理、曝氣、前加混凝劑、添加H2O2與添加粉末活性碳。實驗結果最佳操作條件為電場強度2083 V/m，電極模式二，停留時間88秒，其生物池水樣COD去除率36.8 ~ 45.5 % 而化混池水樣為39.0 ~ 45.0 %。而SS去除率極佳，生物池及化混池水樣分別可達95.5 及98.8 %。實驗發現在最佳電場強度下，停留時間的控制可有很大的彈性。與氯化鐵及硫酸亞鐵之混凝效果相較，在原水之pH條件下，電聚浮除法在相同含鐵濃度下可達較佳之去除率。而滲出水之pH值，即為最佳操作值範圍，不用再行前調及後調pH。而結合之前處理與後處理程序則以添加活性碳最具效果，在前加5,000 mg/l時可提升16.7 %之COD去除率，其單位活性碳吸附COD量為0.112；而後加4,000 mg/l時可提升17.2%之去除率，其單位活性碳吸附COD量為0.150。另外也發現前加活性碳使膠羽更為緊密，沉降性更佳，提高SS去除率。研究顯示電聚浮除法對滲出水中溶解性污染物去除效果不佳，仍難以達到流水標準，而搭配活性碳則可獲得更高之吸附量/活性碳比，是可進一步研究的方向。

It is difficult to handle the leachate treatment system of sanitary landfill and the conventional process is usually difficult to meet the effluent standards in Taiwan. Many researches have showed that, the electrochemical processes have satisfactory efficiency for COD removal of leachate, and since the novel electro-aggregation method has been proven to have a lot of advantages in many kinds of wastewater treatment, its treat ability of leachate was studied in this research. Both of the effluent from an activated sludge clarifier, and its former unit coagulation in the field plant were studied as the raw water, and the COD removal was adopted to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment.
The parameters include electric field intensity; electrode arrangement mode and hydraulic retention time will be discussed, and compare with the efficiency of coagulation treatment. In order to upgrade the efficiency, some pre-treatment and post-treatment were executed, which included dilution, pH adjustment, recycling, post-aeration, coagulant pre-dosage, H2O2 pre-dosage and addition of powder activated carbon.
The results showed that, the optimum condition is 2,080 V/m electric field intensity and 88 sec hydraulic retention time. COD removal 36.8 ~ 45.5 % for biological effluent sample and 39.0 ~ 45.0 % for coagulation effluent sample, and SS reduction 95.5 % and 98.8 % respectively. In original pH, which is the suitable condition, it will get better efficiency than coagulation by FeCl3 and Fe(SO)4 in the same Fe dosage. Addition of activated carbon can increase more efficiency than the other methods. 5,000 mg/l pre-dosage increased 16.7 % of COD removal, which means unit removal 0.112 g COD/g PAC; while 4,000 mg/l post-dosage increased 17.2 % of COD removal, and 0.150 g COD/g PAC. But the dissolved pollutants in leachate were still difficult to remove by electro-aggregation in the conditions of this study.

第一章 緒論
1-1研究緣起1
1-2研究目的2
1-3研究內容2
第二章 文獻回顧
2-1電聚浮除法3
2-1-1 電聚浮除法之原理3
2-1-2電聚浮除法之特色9
2-1-3 電聚浮除法之應用10
2-2 垃圾滲出水13
2-2-1滲出水之特性13
2-2-2垃圾滲出水之處理16
2-3 以電化學法處裡垃圾滲出水18
第三章 研究方法與實驗設計
3-1 研究方法22
3-2 實驗設計及步驟22
3-2-1實驗流程22
3-2-2實驗之設計25
3-3實驗分析與實驗設備28
3-3-1實驗設備28
3-3-2分析項目及方法30
3-4實驗水樣之性質31
第四章 結果與討論
4-1電場強度與各項參數變化之關係33
4-1-1電場強度對去除率之影響33
4-1-2電場強度與ORP之關係37
4-1-3電場強度與PH之關係40
4-1-4電流密度對去除率之影響42
4-2 停留時間與各參數變化之關係44
4-2-1停留時間對去除率之影響44
4-2-2停留時間與電流之關係49
4-2-3停留時間與ORP變化之關係50
4-2-4停留時間與PH值變化關係…………………………………51
4-2-5相同電荷負荷下比較停留時間………………………………52
4-3電聚浮除法與混凝之比較54
4-3-1 各種混凝劑對滲出水的處理效果54
4-3-2 氯化鐵對滲出水的處理效果55
4-3-3 硫酸亞鐵對滲出水的處理效果57
4-3-4 電聚浮除法之釋鐵量60
4-3-5 混凝與電聚浮除法之經驗式比較62
4-4高層反應槽65
4-5前處理與後處理之影響69
4-5-1稀釋之影響69
4-5-2循環處理的影響71
4-5-3調整PH值之影響72
4-5-4曝氣之影響76
4-5-5前加混凝劑之影響77
4-5-6添加H2O2之影響79
4-5-7添加活性碳之影響81
4-6電聚浮除法之操作情況與消耗電能分析85
4-6-1電聚浮除法之操作情況85
4-6-2電聚浮除法之消耗電能分析86
第五章 結論與建議
5-1 結論91
5-2 建議93
參考文獻94

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