臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

二十世紀末由於資訊環境的改變、圖書資料價格之高漲、圖書館經費緊縮、圖書館服務亟欲提昇等因素，更彰顯了全球學術圖書館合作的重要性。
本研究以文獻分析、抽樣問卷及特定對象的訪談方式，針對目前國內外學術圖書館聯盟的合作資源共享的議題進行探討，除探討近代學術圖書館聯盟的形成、發展、結盟的類型及服務性質之外，也對國內外的學術圖書館聯盟執行之成效進行分析、比較其異同。
近代的學術圖書館聯盟的合作訴求是：合作增加資料的來源、節省經費、提昇圖書館的服務來達到資源共享的目標，具體表現的功能是：圖書資料的互借、文獻傳遞服務、合作電子資源的採購及合作館藏發展等。國內外的學術圖書館聯盟的資源共享均朝此方向進行合作，然而國外聯盟的發展較早，資源共享的事實行之有年，其資源共享的發展較全面且完整，反觀國內的發展，仍處萌芽時期，資源共享功能較片面且諸多障礙。
本研究的結論是：一、國外學術聯盟資源共享之發展功能全面且計畫週延；二、國內學術圖書館聯盟或合作組織資源共享功能片面、範圍小且合作不深入；三、外援經費、資訊市場收費政策之多變及電子資源合理的使用仍是國內外資源共享的問題；四、目前國內外的資源共享仍未有合作館藏發展成功的例子；五、合作領導機構與政策不明確為國內合作組織普遍性的問題；六、國內仍未有統一的聯合目錄是館際互借圖書最大的障礙；七、國內館合申請量不高是資源分享的一大問題。
本研究的建議為：一、以法明訂國內負責資源共享之專責機構；二、以法保障合作組織每年固定比例的運行經費；三、合作組織的成立需有全盤性的規劃及考量；四、確立合作組織之領導執行與評估的機制；五、資源共享的功能需有全面性的規劃；六、建立全國性的圖書聯合目錄是資源共享的第一要務；七、資源共享需建立各種合作的標準；八、合作組織需有明確而一貫的政策；九、加強與會計人員的溝通、協調；十、明訂合作組織各會員之權利與義務；十一、合作心態之調整；十二、加強使用需求的研究並培養談判的人才。

Due to changing in information environment, rising cost for purchasing books and subscribing serials, diminishing budget and expediting to improve the library services at late twenty century, the cooperation of academic library in the world becomes more important.
The methodology in this study includes related document analysis, questionnaire survey and domestic participants interview. Resource sharing of academic consortia of foreign and domestic cooperative organization is investigated in this study. Besides review of the generation, development, model and service characteristics of recent academic library consortia, this study also examine the performance of these consortia and compare their difference.
The goals of modern academic library consortia are: enlarge the information source by cooperation, save the cost and improve the library service to achieve the purpose of resource sharing. Interlibrary loan, document delivery, cooperative electronic resources purchasing and cooperative collection development, etc operated it. Both of foreign and domestic academic library consortia are following the same resource sharing cooperation criteria. Foreign consortia were established earlier than domestic cooperative organizations. Their resource sharing has been done for a long time and was sound developed. On the contrast, the development of resource sharing in domestic was just started, not complete and face lots difficulties.
This study concluded: (1) the development of resource sharing for foreign consortia is planned in detail and executed in every aspect. (2) The development of resource sharing for domestic cooperative organizations is confined in certain aspect, limited area and not tight. (3) The common problems for both foreign and domestic consortia in development of resource sharing are: shortage of funds, variable license fee and fair use of electronic resources. (4) No consortia have been succeeded in cooperative collection development. (5) Policy and direct organization not clear is a general problem for domestic cooperative organizations. (6) Lack of national union catalog is the biggest barrier for domestic interlibrary loan. (7) Fewer interlibrary loan application is a big problem for domestic resource sharing development.
For domestic development of academic library resource sharing, it is recommended: (1) To raise a bill nominating a special organization in charge of domestic resource sharing. (2) To stipulate certain budget for operation of these organizations by law. (3) It shall be detail considered and complete planned prior to found the cooperative organization. (4) Verify the mechanism of cooperative organization for leadership of execution and evaluation. (5) The function of resource sharing in every aspect shall be planned in advance. (6) Establish of national union catalog is the first mission for resource sharing. (7) The variety cooperative standard should be set for resource sharing. (8) The policy for cooperative organization should be definite and consistent. (9) Enforce communication and coordination with accountant. (10) Clearly define the right and obligation for members of the organizations. (11) Adjust the cooperative attitude. (12) Enhance the research of users' need and foster the negotiators' capability.

第一章、緒論----------------------------------------------- 1
第一節、研究動機與目的 ---------------------------------- 1
第二節、研究問題 ---------------------------------------- 2
第三節、研究方法 ---------------------------------------- 3
第四節、研究範圍與限制 ---------------------------------- 4
第五節、預期貢獻 ---------------------------------------- 4
第二章、相關文獻探討 -------------------------------------- 5
第一節、近代學術圖書館聯盟的產生 ------------------------ 5
第二節、學術圖書館聯盟的類型 ---------------------------- 8
第三節、學術圖書館聯盟的性質 ---------------------------- 11
第四節、國內外學術圖書館聯盟的發展與資源共享 ------------ 12
第三章、研究設計與實施 ------------------------------------ 67
第一節、研究步驟 ---------------------------------------- 67
第二節、研究對象 ---------------------------------------- 68
第三節、問卷設計與實施 ---------------------------------- 69
第四節、訪談設計與實施 ---------------------------------- 70
第四章、綜合分析與討論 ------------------------------------ 72
第一節、國內外新興學術圖書館聯盟的資源共享 -------------- 72
第二節、國內外學術圖書館聯盟執行成效分析 ---------------- 75
第三節、國內外學術圖書館聯盟的比較 ---------------------- 89
第四節、國內外學術圖書館聯盟優缺點的比較 ---------------- 92
第五節、國內外學術圖書館聯盟存在的問題 ------------------ 96
第五章、結論與建議 ---------------------------------------- 101
第一節、結論 -------------------------------------------- 101
第二節、建議 -------------------------------------------- 104
第三節、後續研究之建議 ---------------------------------- 107
附註 ------------------------------------------------------ 108
參考書目 -------------------------------------------------- 113
《附錄一》「全國期刊聯合目錄暨館際合作系統」與「全國學
術電子資訊資源共享聯盟」問卷調查 ---------------- 118
《附錄二》問卷回收單位一覽表 ------------------------------ 124
《附錄三》訪談內容 ---------------------------------------- 127

附註
註1：James J. Kopp,"Library Consortia and Information Technology : the past, the present, the promise",Library Consortia and Technology 17(1)(Mar. 1998) : p.7。
註2：同註1。
註3：Melvil Dewey,"Library Co-operation",Library Journal 11(1886) : p.5-6。
註4：E.A. Mac,"Co-operation Versus Competition",Library Journal10 (1885) : p.55。
註5：G.L. Campbell,"Grouping of Places for Library Purposes",Library Journal 4(1879) : p.409-410。
註6：R.B. Downs,"One for All : A Historical Sketch of Library Cooperation, 1930-1970", in The Library of Tomorrow, a symposium, ed.
註7：Carlos A. Cuadra, Ruth J.Patrick,"Survey to Academic Library Consortia in U.S.",College & Research Libraries,(July 1972)：p.271-282。
註8：Barbra McFadden Allen,Arnold Hirshon,"Hanging Together to Avoid Hanging Separately：opportunities for academic libraries and consortia",Information Technology and Libraries(Mar. 1998)：p.36-44。
註9：Norman Oder, "Consortia Hit Critical Mass", Library Journal 125：2(Feb. 2000)：p.48-51。
註10：何慧玲，美加地區學術圖書館文獻傳遞服務之研究，國立台灣大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士論文，民89，頁87。
註11：同註10。
註12：吳建中、G.E. Gorman,「電子環境下資源共享發展的模式」，圖書館雜誌 5(1996)：p.36-37。
註13：Anaclare F. Evans, "Library Technology Consortia：case studies in design and cooperation"(book reviews), Resource Sharing & Information Networks 12：1(1996)：p.83-84。
註14：同註13。
註15：William Gray Potter,"Recent Trends in Statewide Academic Library Consortia",Library Trends45(3)(Winter 1997) : p.426-430。
註16：Katherine A. Perry,"VIVA(The Vertual Library of Virginia) : virtual management of information",Electronic Resources and Consortia, Taipei : STIC, 1998, p.93-113。
註17：International Coalition of Library Consortia Website
(http://www.library.yale.edu/consortia/)
註18：Virtual Library of Virginia Website
(http://www.viva.lib.va.us)
註19：同註15，p.423-424。
註20：Ohio Library and Information Network(OhioLINK Website)
(http://www.ohiolink.edu)
註21：Julie S. Alexander,"Cooperative Collection Development and Consortia : a Report of the ALCTS CMDS Collection Development Libraries of Academic Libraries Discussion Group",Library acquisitions : practice and theory21(4)(1997) : p.533-534。
註22：Randy W. Dykhuis,"OhioLINK : Vision, Money, and Technology", Computers in Libraries15(2)(Feb. 1995) : p.16-21。
註23：同註17。
註24：Delmus E. Williams, OhioLINK & Illinet Online 資源共享─美國兩大系統成功經驗分享研討會手冊 (Mar. 2001)：p.1-7。
註25：ILCSO Report 1999-2000
(http://www.ilcso.uiuc.edu/ILCSO.htm)
註26：同註24，p.2-4。
註27：Bernard G. Sloan, "Future Directions for ILLINET Online",Illinois Libraries 72：1(1990)：p.40-44。
註28："The Illinet Interlibrary Loan Code",Illinois Libraries 75：2(1993)： p.48-50。
註29：同註15，p.424-426。
註30：TexShare Website
(http://www.texshare.edu)
註31：同註17。
註32：同註15，p.419-421。
註33：Barbara A. Winters,"Access and Ownership in the 21st Centery : development of virtual collection in consortial settings", Electronic Resources and Consortia, Taipei : STIC, 1998, p.163-180。
註34：Georgia Library Learning Online (GALILEO) Website
(http://www.galileo.peachnet.edu)
註35：同註17。
註36：D. Lemke,"Holding Down Costs at Academic Research Libraries：a consortial approach. Final Report Submitted to the U.S. Department of Education", in ERIC Microfilm, p.2-78。
註37：Lizanne Payne, "The Washington Research Library Consortium：a real organization for a virtual library", Information Technology and Libraries (Mar. 1998)：p.13-17。
註38：Washington Research Library Consortium Website
(http://www.wrlc.org)
註39：同註17。
註40：同註17。
註41：Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) Website
(http://www.jisc.ac.uk)
註42：Frederick J. Friend,"New Wine in a New Bottle:purchasing by library consortia in the United Kingdom",Information Technology and Libraries (Sep. 1999) : p.145-148。
註43：同註17。
註44：Council of Australian University Librarians Website (CAUL)
(http://www.anu.edu.au/caul/)
註45：Longji Dai, Ling Chen and Hongyang Zhang, "China Academic Library and Information System：an academic library consortium in China",Information Technology and Libraries (Jun. 2000)：p.66-70。
註46：同註17。
註47："International Coalition of Library Consortia Statement Establishes International Perspective",Library Hi Tech152(1998), p.1-3。
註48："Through the Net - Coalition of Library Consortia : guidelines for measuring usage of web-based resources",Information Retrieval Library Automation34(7)(1998) : p.5-6。
註49："International Coalition of Library Consortia Statement of Current Perspective and Preferred Practices for the Selection and Purchase of Electronic Information",Information Intelligence, Online Libraries, and Microcomputers16(4)(1998) : p.1-10。
註50：國科會數位圖書館暨館際合作計畫網站
(http://infofusion.lib.nctu.edu.tw/introl)
註51：柯浩仁,"Sharing Electronic Resources in the Digital Era : The Consortium on Core Electronic Resources in Taiwan (CONCERT)",Electronic Resources and Consortia, Taipei : STIC, 1998, p.13-33。
註52：同註17。
註53：柯浩仁、黃明居撰，「國科會數位圖書館建置計畫 - 電子化資源之建置與研發」，資訊傳播與圖書館學 6卷3期(民89年3月)，頁47-54。
註54：「全國期刊聯合目錄暨館合系統」系統管理者介面
(http://ill.stic.gov.tw/adm/Admframe.asp)
註55：台灣地區醫學圖書館期刊合作館藏發展協定
(http://203.70.68.2/lisa/home1/contact-1.html)
註56：「全國公私立醫學校院圖書館期刊合作館藏發展第一次會議記錄」，民89年6月。
(http://203.70.68.2/lisa/home1/contact/contact-2.htm)
註57：張慧銖主持，「臺灣地區醫學圖書館期刊合作館藏發展之研究」，民國88年11月-89年10月，頁2-11。
註58：楊明宗，「圖書館館際合作工作之展望─中山、中正及成大三校合作經驗分享」，中華圖書資訊館際合作協會2001年會員大會資料，民90年1月，頁5-20。
註59：Heartsell Yang,The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, Chicago : American Library Association.
註60：張慧銖、林娟娟，「期刊刪除與館際合作之探討」，圖書與資訊學刊 28期(民88年2月)：頁63-74。
註61：David F. Kohl,"How the Virtual Library Transforms Interlibrary Loans - the OhioLINK experience",Interlending & Document Supply26(2)(1998) : p.66-67。
註62：王振鵠、沈寶環主持，建立全國圖書館合作服務制度促進資源共享政策(教育部圖書館事業委員會專題研究報告)，民80年6月，頁162-168。
參考書目
一.中文部分
鄭寶梅，「全球數位館藏發展初探」，國家圖書館館刊，2期（民86年12月），頁23-42。
許麗娟，「網際網路對圖書館館藏發展影響之探討」，台大圖書館學學刊，第1卷第3期(民86年7月)，頁35-55。
曾 賢，「館藏合作發展的理論與實踐」，書苑季刊，第39期(民88年1月)，頁1-19。
王振鵠、吳美美，「合作館藏發展制度的建立」，中國圖書館學會會報，第48期(民80年12月)，頁31-43。
陳亞寧，「邁向資源共享新紀元：試論電子資料庫鏡錄與圖書館聯盟間之互動與因應」，教育資料與圖書館學，第36卷第3期(民88)，頁371-383。
范豪英，「學術圖書館地區性合作館藏發展的探討」，共同學科期刊，第3期(民83年6月)，頁7-20。
陳淑君，「文獻傳遞服務(DDS)評估研究報告--中央研究院計算中心個案研究」，中央研究院計算中心通訊，第15卷第14期(民88年)，頁130-134。
吳明德， 館藏發展，台北市：漢美圖書, 民81, 頁236。
吳明德主持，「網際網路對美國學術圖書館合作館藏發展影響之探討」計畫, (民87年8月1日至88年7月31日)
楊智晶，「資訊網路時代技專校院圖書館的館際合作與館藏發展」，書苑 39卷 (民88年1月)，頁45-64。
吳明德、邱婉容、林金枝、黃翠嫩，「全國公私立大學校院參考資料庫整合計畫之研究」，大學圖書館 2期4卷(民87年10月)，頁4-11。
薛正義，「依靠立法保障資源共享」，圖書館學研究第4期(1999)，頁25-26。
繆家鼎，「國外圖書館實現資源共享給我們的啟示」，圖書情報工作 第六期(1996)，頁49-51。
二.英文部分
O. Gene Norman,"The Impact of Electronic Information Sources on Collection Development : a survey of current practice",Library Hi Tech15(1-2)(1997) : p.123-132。
Donald B. Simpson,"Economics of Cooperative Collection Development and Management:the United States' experience with rarely held research materials",IFLA Journal24(3)(1998) : p.161-165。
Linda A. Naru,"The Role of the Center for Research Libraries in the History and Future of Cooperative Collection Development",Cooperative Collection Development : Significant Trends and Issues23(4)(1998) : pp.47-58。
Christy Hightower, George Soete,"The Consortium as Learning Organization: twelve steps to success in collaborative collections projects",The Journal of Academic Librarianship(March 1995) : p.87-91。
Rebecca C. Drummond,"Guide to Cooperative Collection Development No.6. Collection Management and Development Guides",Collection Management20(3-4)(1996) : p.185-186。
Naomi J. Goodman, Carole L. Hinchcliff,"From Crisis to Cooperation and Beyond : OhioLINK's first ten years",Resource Sharing & Information Networks13(1)(1997) : p21-35。
Delmus E. Williams,"Living in a Cooperative World : meeting local needs through OhioLINK",Electronic Resources and Consortia, Taipei : STIC, 1998, p.137-160。
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A.W. Ferguson,"The Conspectus and Cooperative Collection Development : what it can and cannot do",The Acquisitions Librarian7(1992) : p.111。
Dana D'Andraia,"Serials Analysis for Budget and Collection Review as Well as Cooperative Development",The Serials Librarian17(3-4) (1990) : p.167-169。
David Kohl,"OhioLINK:a vision for the 21st century",Library Hi Tech12(3) (1994) : p.29-34。
Paggy Johnson,"Symposium on Cooperative Collection Development:a report",Library Acquisitions : practice and theory20(2) (1996) : p.157-162。
Lizanne Payne,"The Washington Research Library Consortium:a real organization for a virtual library",Information Technology and Libraries(Mar. 1998) : p.13-17。
Rush G. Miller, Peter X. Zhou,"Global Resource Sharing : a gateway model",Journal of Academic Librarianship25(4) (Jul. 1999) : p.281-286。
Donnice Cochenour, Joel S. Rutstein,"A Carl Model for Cooperative Collection Development in a Regional Consortium",Collection Building12(1-2) (1992) : p.34-40。
Patricia Buck Dominguez, Luke Swindler,"Cooperative Collection Development at the Research Triangle University Libraries: a model for the nation",College and Research Libraries54(6) (1993) : p.470-489。
D. Jones,"Report of the Task Force on Access/Ownership Policy",from ERIC, ED-353 996(16 Sep. 1991) : p.76。
B. Harloe,"Towards the Year 2001:cooperative collection development and resource sharing in the Southwest. Proceedings of a workshop",from ERIC, ED-309 787(7 Nov. 1999) : p.56。
Adrian W. Alexander, "Toward "The Perfection of Work"：library consortia in the digital age", Journal of Library Administration 28：2(1999)：p.1-13。
Meredith A. Butler, "The Economics of Resource Sharing, Consortia, and Document Delivery", Journal of Library Administration 26：1/2 (1998)：p.137-143。
Mary E. Jackson, "Resource Sharing and Document Delivery in the 1990s", Wilson Library Bulletin 67：6(Feb 1993)：p.35-37。
Bemard G. Sloan, "Understanding Consortia Better：what vendors can learn", Library Journal 125：5(Mar. 2000)：p.57-58。
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Pamela Bluh, "Document Delivery 2000：will it change the nature of librarianship?", Wilson Library Bulletin 67：6(Feb. 1993)：p.49-52。
Debra Kachel, "Document Delivery and School Libraries", Wilson Library Bulletin 67：6(Feb. 1993)：p.49-52。
Bernard G. Sloan, "Future Directions for ILLINET Online", Illinois Libraries 72：1(1990)：p.40-44。
Doris Brown, "The Role of Illinet Online within Illinet", Illinois Libraries 75：2(1993)：p.55-60。
Thomas H. Ballard, "The Unfulfilled Promise of Resource Sharing", American Libraries 21：10(Nov. 1990)：p.990-993。
Bernie Sloan, "Allocating Costs in a Consortial Environment：a methodology for library consortia", OCLC Systems & Services 15：1(1999)：p.45-52。
Janet Balas, "Library Consortia in the Brave New Online World", Computers in Libraries 18：4(Apr. 1998)：p.42-44。
Neil R. Wylie, Tamara L. Yeager, "Library Cooperation", New Directions for Higher Education 106(1999)：p.27-35。
Ketcham-Van Orsdel, Lee, Kathleen Bom, "Pushing Toward More Affordable Access", Library Journal 125：7(Apr. 2000)：p.47-52。