臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗是以無壓滲透之方法，以金屬熔湯滲透入添加金屬粉末之多孔性陶瓷生胚。首先將陶瓷粉末與欲添加之金屬粉末混合及壓胚，成為預滲透之預形體，再和滲透金屬液以毛細管作用在高溫及保護氣氛下，將融熔金屬填充入其預形體中之孔隙內，以求得一緻密且低尺寸變化之金屬/陶瓷複合材料。
實驗以6061鋁合金滲透以草酸鎳還原成之鎳粉添加氧化鋁生胚為主要研究材料，發現在1000℃~1200℃鎳添加量30vol%之氧化鋁胚體，都有不錯之滲透效果，其滲透活化能為57KJ/mole，滲透後試片內部，除Al2O3、Al外，亦產生Al3Ni之介金屬物質，而1000℃ 8小時滲透試片，其密度可達3.14g/cm3，開放性孔隙率為2.02%，而1100℃ 6小時滲透四點彎曲之棒狀試片，其彎曲強度約為116MPa。
實驗亦直接以鎳粉直接混合氧化鋁並以鋁合金滲透，結果其滲透後孔洞較還原鎳/氧化鋁之試片來的多，滲透效果較差。
實驗又以鋁及銅金屬添加碳化矽滲透，發現添加鎳、鈦金屬於碳化矽生胚，當鎳添加量10vol%時，滲透溫度為1000℃，鈦添加量10vol%時，滲透溫度為1000℃，而以銅滲透純碳化矽生胚方面，發現添加CuO、Cu2O在氧添加量3wt%時可改善潤濕效果。

摘要----------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
一、前言---------------------------------------------------------------------1
二、文獻回顧及應用原理------------------------------------------------3
2-1. 金屬/陶瓷複合材料之簡介----------------------------------------3
2-2. 金屬/陶瓷複合材料製程上困難----------------------------------4
2-3. 滲透法-----------------------------------------------------------------5
2-4. 滲透製程之介紹-----------------------------------------------------6
2-5. 鋁合金常壓滲透氧化鋁生胚之方法-----------------------------9
2-6.Wetting-----------------------------------------------------------------10
2-7. 毛細管現象----------------------------------------------------------11
2-8. 鋁-鎳介金屬化合物------------------------------------------------13
三、實驗步驟--------------------------------------------------------------16
3-1. 實驗規劃-------------------------------------------------------------16
3-2. 原料準備-------------------------------------------------------------17
3-2-1. SiC粉末之微氧化熱處理------------------------------------17
3-2-2. 粉末粒度分析--------------------------------------------------18
3-3. 被滲透胚體之製備-------------------------------------------------18
3-3-1. 混合粉末之配製-----------------------------------------------18
3-3-2. 起始粉末之混合/前處理-------------------------------------19
3-3-3. 生胚成形-------------------------------------------------------21
3-4. 滲透金屬------------------------------------------------------------22
3-5. 滲透處理------------------------------------------------------------23
3-6. 滲透後熱處理------------------------------------------------------24
3-7. 性質量測------------------------------------------------------------25
3-7-1. 滲透深度及面積收縮率--------------------------------------25
3-7-2. 阿基米德法測密度及開放性孔隙--------------------------26
3-7-3. X-ray 繞射分析-------------------------------------------------26
3-7-4. SEM顯微組織觀察、EDS成份分析-----------------------27
3-7-5. TEM顯微組織觀察、EDS成份分析-----------------------27
3-7-6. 微硬度分析------------------------------------------------------28
3-7-7. 彎曲強度分析---------------------------------------------------29
四、結果與討論-------------------------------------------------------------31
4-1. PART A：還原鎳/Al2O3-------------------------------------------31
4-1-1. 滲透條件之選定-----------------------------------------------31
4-1-2. 滲透深度/滲透速率-------------------------------------------32
4-1-3. 滲透之活化能--------------------------------------------------34
4-1-4. 滲透後試片密度及開孔隙率分析--------------------------35
4-1-5. 滲透後熱處理試片密度及開孔隙率分析-----------------36
4-1-6. 滲透後試片收縮率------------------------------------------------37
4-1-7. 滲透後試片XRD分析--------------------------------------------38
4-1-8. 滲透後試片之微觀結構SEM觀察-----------------------------39
4-1-9. 滲透後試片之微觀結構TEM觀察-----------------------------41
4-1-10. 滲透後試片及滲透後熱處理之微硬度分析-----------------42
4-1-11. 彎曲強度測試-----------------------------------------------------42
4-1-12. 滲透model之提議-----------------------------------------------43
4-2. PART B：鎳粉/Al2O3--------------------------------------------------44
4-2-1 粉末生胚密度及孔隙率量測-------------------------------------44
4-2-2. 滲透後試片之微觀結構SEM、EDS成份分析、TEM觀察------------------------------------------------------------------------45
4-2-3. 與草酸鎳混合還原鎳粉末之製程比較------------------------46
4-3. PART C：不同金屬粉末/SiC----------------------------------------46
4-3-1. 純鋁塊材滲透純碳化矽生胚------------------------------------46
4-3-2. 純鋁塊材滲透微氧化碳化矽生胚------------------------------47
4-3-3. 純鋁塊及鋁合金粉末胚體滲透碳化矽添加鎳粉末之生胚------------------------------------------------------------------------48
4-3-4. 純鋁塊及鋁合金粉末胚體滲透碳化矽添加鈦粉末之生胚------------------------------------------------------------------------49
4-3-5. 鋁合金粉末胚體滲透碳化矽添加矽粉末之生胚------------49
4-3-6. Cu、Cu+CuO、Cu+Cu2O粉末胚體滲透碳化矽之生胚---49
四、結論------------------------------------------------------------------------51
五、參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------53

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