臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

過去許多醫院內所產生的醫療資訊，例如病歷或是醫療影像，都無法很順利的互相交流傳遞。這是因為這些醫療資訊的格式皆不同，各廠牌有各廠牌特有的格式，隨著時代進步，這些醫療資訊的交流也愈來愈頻繁。為解決交流不易的問題，因此就有一些標準格式的出現。對病歷等文字類的醫療資訊是由HL7(Health Level 7)統一格式。對X光片等影像類的醫療資訊則由DICOM(Digital Image and Communication in Medicine)為其影像標準。
本研究主要針對目前實用但其輸出的影像並不是DICOM標準格式的造影儀器，設計一轉換介面。利用此轉換介面，使非DICOM標準格式的影像轉換成標準格式。本研究所採用的造影儀器是正子電腦斷層掃瞄儀(Positron Emission Tomography，PET)及雷射掃片機。本轉換介面的功能除可轉換格式之外，還可以連接至PET工作平台，取回影像檔案，連接到病人資料庫，查詢病人基本資料，並可以將轉換後的DICOM檔案傳至DICOM伺服器中。除了轉換介面之外，本研究也對影像檔案的檔頭加以研究。希望本研究制定的檔頭可以適合現行大部分PET以及雷射掃片機儀器，以其在轉換後的檔案可以保有原有檔案資訊，讓影像不失真。
本研究最終目的是將轉換介面及影像檔頭能應用到實際造影儀器上，使得老舊的照影儀器所輸出的檔案可以與其它部門或是醫院交流，讓儀器可以與醫院的影像系統結合，以利醫療資的整合。

Most medical informatics produced from hospitals, such as patients’ records or medical images, are not easy to exchange due to the different formats of these medical informatics are not the same. Every company has his own format for medical products. As time goes by, the need of the exchange of these is become more and more urgent. In order to solve this problem. The HL7(Health Level 7) for patient records and DICOM(Digital Image and Communication in Medicine) standard for medical images are proposed.
In this research, a DICOM getaway was designed for a medical modalty with non-DICOM output. We used this gateway to convert non-standard format to DICOM format. In this research, the modalities used were PET(Positron Emission Tomography) and film digitizer. The function of this gateway can also connect to the PET work platform, get the image files back, connect to patient database, query/retrieve the patient basic information and transfer the DICOM file to DICOM server. The header of image files were also discussed. The header we make can used for PET image files and digitized X-ray films. The information of the original image was preserved.
The method we developed can be used in the real modality working flow. Images can be exchanged easily in the hospital or between hospitals.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………………...i
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………..ii
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………1
第二章 背景知識及相關文獻…………………………………………………4
2-1 醫學數位影像及通訊標準─DICOM………………………………4
2-1-1 DICOM 標準協定…………………………………………………………4
2-1-2 DICOM觀念字眼………………………………………………………….7
2-1-3 DICOM檔案格式………………………………………………………….9
2-1-4 DICOM 檔案內容………………………………………………………...11
2-1-5 DICOM基本概念…………………………………………………………12
2-2 資料庫介面軟體…………………………………………………...13
2-3 PET 儀器原理及影像檔案格式…………………………………..14
2-4 相關文獻…………………………………………………………..18
第三章 研究方法……………………………………………………………..22
3-1 系統架構…………………………………………………………..22
3-1-1 PET轉換介面架構………………………………………………22
3-1-1-1 DICOM轉換介面…………………………………………....23
3-1-1-1-1 影像檔案解碼…………………………………………..23
3-1-1-1-2 取得病人資料庫資訊……………………………………24
3-1-1-1-3 轉換影像檔案…………………………………………..24
3-1-1-1-4 傳送DICOM檔案………………………………………26
3-1-1-1-5 FTP程式………………………………………………..26
3-1-2 數位X光轉換架構………………………………………………27
3-1-2-1 數位X光片轉換介面………………………………………..28
3-1-2-1-1 數位X光影像檔案解碼…………………………………28
3-1-2-1-2 取得病人資料庫資訊……………………………………29
3-1-2-1-4 傳送DICOM檔案………………………………………30
3-2 系統硬體及軟體…………………………………………………...31
3-3 DICOM檔頭欄位…………………………………………………..31
3-3-1 檔頭選擇………………………………………………………..31
3-4-2 姓名欄位中文化…………………………………………………33
3-4-3 私定欄位………………………………………………………..34
第四章 結果…………………………………………………………………..36
4-1 DICOM轉換介面…………………………………………………36
4-2檔頭的比較………………………………………………………..43
4-3 轉換介面比較…………………………………………………….56
第五章 結論…………………………………………………………………..58
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………60
附錄一 DICOM PET完整檔頭………………………………………………62
附錄二 完整DICOM SC檔頭………………………………………………..65
附錄三 完整MR檔頭(解PICKER公司檔頭)……………………………….67

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