隨著資訊與科技的進步，資訊的透明化使得企業面臨全球化之經營挑戰，企業體不能再像過去一樣單打獨鬥，必須藉由供應鏈管理來提升競爭力，並以策略聯盟方式整合上下游供應鏈成員採購、生產、配送之活動，透過資訊共享，提高供應鏈策略聯盟之決策彈性與生產效率，以獲得供應鏈運籌模式之競爭優勢。本研究在考量供應商供給能力變動下，提出一集權式供應鏈策略聯盟之生產規劃系統，以集權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法(Centralized - Supply Chain Product Planning algorithm , C-SCPP)為控制核心，用以制訂供應鏈生產與配送決策，使得供應鏈總供貨成本最小化。本研究另外提出一分權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法(De-Centralized - Supply Chain Product Planning algorithm , DC-SCPP)，然後以統計最佳化技術來核檢C-SCPP之求解品質。在績效評估上，以DC-SCPP為對照組，以比較集權式與分權式結盟政策在績效指標上的差異，而績效評估之結果顯示，在主要績效指標―供應鏈總供貨成本上，集權式結盟政策供應鏈生產規劃演算法（C-SCPP）明顯優於分權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法（DC-SCPP）。

To share information of the companies makes an enterprise face global
management challenge. So we should apply techniques of supply chain management to raise a company’s competitiveness. This paper addresses a system of strategic supply and distribution alliance of supply chain and conducts Centralized Supply Chain Product Planning algorithm (C-SCPP) to formulate production decisions and distribution decisions of Supply Chain. At the same time this research has also developed a comparison algorithm which call it as De-Centralized Supply Chain Product Planning algorithm (DC-SCPP). We compared C-SCPP algorithm with DC-SCPP algorithm, with some experiments, we discovered that C-SCPP algorithm is better than DC-SCPP algorithm, especially in reducing total supply cost.

目 錄
目錄頁次
中文摘要i
英文摘要ii
誌謝iii
目錄iv
表目錄vi
表目錄vii
符號說明viii
一、緒 論1
1.1研究背景與動機1
1.2研究目的2
1.3研究範圍與假設4
1.4研究方法5
二、文獻探討8
2.1供應鏈管理9
2.2廠商組合問題14
2.3生產規劃與控制15
2.4供應鏈生產與配送之整合15
2.5到期日之考量17
2.6遺傳基因演算法18
2.7討論21
三、集權式結盟決策之供應鏈生產規劃系統架構與數學解析模式22
3.1集權式結盟決策之供應鏈生產規劃系統架構22
3.2符號說明25
3.3建立數學模式27
3.3.1可獲性理論基礎27
3.3.2模式說明29
四、集權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法58
4.1集權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法架構58
4.2遺傳基因演算法之相關設定62
4.3 C-SCPP演算法運作流程62
五、模擬實驗65
5.1模擬實驗相關設定65
5.1.1供應鏈策略聯盟相關資料之設定65
5.1.2模擬實驗因子之設定66
5.1.3實驗組合之編碼方式67
5.2集權式與分權式結盟政策之供應鏈生產規劃演算法68
5.3模擬結果69
5.4模擬結果分析74
5.4.1績效評估74
5.4.2結果分析76
5.5總結81
六、結論與未來發展82
6.1結論82
6.2未來發展方向83
參考文獻84
附錄一88

【中文部分】
[1]林明德，1997，“從企業內改造到企業間整合─淺談供應鏈”，資訊與電腦，卷205，頁104-107。
[2]徐俊能，1994，以遺傳基因演算法則解決多目標考量的推銷者旅行問題之研究，大業工學院事業經營研究所，碩士論文。
[3]陳宏益，1996，易腐物品供配策略聯盟下之快速反應配送系統研究，國立雲林科技大學，碩士論文。
[4]詹景湖，1998，使用基因演算法於血液透析調控之研究，雲林科技大學，碩士論文。
[5]蘇木春、張孝德，1997，機器學習:類神經網路、模糊系統以及基因演算法則。
[6] Elmer E.Lewis，1989，可靠度工程導論，趙浡霖譯，科技圖書股份有限公司。
[7]Fogarty，Blackstone，Hoffman，2001，生產計畫與管理，張盛鴻、汪孝慈等，高立圖書有限公司。
【英文部分】
[8]Amancio Santos,Antonio Dourado,1999, “Global optimization of energy and production in process industries： a genetic algorithm application,Control Engineering Practice,7,pp.549-554
[9] A Garavelli Claudio, O. Geoffrey Okogbaa, Nicola Violante , 1996, “ Global manufacturing systems: a model supported by genetic algorithms to optimize production planning”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol.31, No 1/2, pp193-196
[10]Benita M. Beamon, 1998, “Supply Chain Design and Analysis：Models and Methods”, International Journal of Production Economics, 55, pp.281-294。
[11]Benjaminm J.,1990, “An Analysis of Mode Choice for Shippers in a Constrained Network With a Application to Just-In-Time Inventory”, Transportation Research B 24B, 3, pp.229-245
[12]Brian Kingsman,Linda Hendry,Alan Mercer,Antonio de Souza,1996, “Responding to customer enquires in make-to-order companies Problem and solution”, International Journal of Production Economics,46-47,pp.219-231
[13]Christine, Harland, 1997, “Supply chain operational performance roles”, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 70-78, 1997
[14]Chien TW., 1993, “Determining Profit-Maximizing Production/Shipping Policies In a One-to-One Direct Shipping, Stochastic Environment”, European Journal of Operational Research, 64, pp.83-102
[15]Coorper M.C., Ellram, L.M., 1993, “ Characteristics of supply chain management and the implications for purchasing and logistics strategy”, International Journal of Logistics Management, 4, 2, pp.13-24
[16]Christine Harland, 1997, “Supply Chain Operational performance roles”, Integrated Manufacturing System, 8, 2, pp.70-78
[17]Charles S. Revelle,Gilbert Laporte,1996, ,“The Plant Location Problem：New Models And Research Prospects”,Operations Research,44,6,pp.864-873
[18]Cooper M. C., Lambert, D.M., Pagh, J.D., 1997, “Supply Chain Management：More than a New Name for Logistics”, International Journal of Logistics Management, 8, 1, pp.1-13
[19]Cooper M. C., Lambert, D.M., 2000, “Issues in Supply Chain Management”, Industrial Marketing Management, 29, pp.65-83
[20]C.Y.Lee,V.J.Leon,2001 ,“Machine scheduling with a rate-modifying nactivity”, European Journal of Operational Research, 128, pp119-128
[21]Daiju Nakagiri,Sennosuke Kuriyama,1996, “A study of production management system in MRP”,International Journal of Production Economics,1996,44,pp.27-33
[22]Dingwei Wang,Shu-Cherng Fang, and Thom J. Hodgson,1998, “A Fuzzy Due-Date Bargainer for the Make-to-Order Manufacyuring System”,IEEE Transaction on Systems,Man And Cybernetics-Part C: APPLICATION AND REVIEWS”,28,3,pp.492-497
[23]Douglas J. Thomas, Paul M. Griffin, 1996, “Invited Review : Coordinated Supply Chain Management”, European Journal of Operational Research, 94, pp.1-15, March
[24]Haq A.N., Vart, P., and Kanda, A., 1991, “An integrated Production-Inventory-Distribution` Model for manufacture of Urea: A Case”, International Journal of Production Economics, 39, pp.39-49
[25]Hasan Pirkul and Vaidyanathan Jayaraman,1998, “A Multi-commodity,Multi-plant,capacitated facility location problem：formulation and efficient heuristic solution”,25,10,pp.869-878
[26]Ishii K., Takahashi K., and Mueamatsu R., 1988, “Integrated Production, Inventory and Distribution Systems”, International Journal of Production Research, 26, 3, pp.473-482
[27]Jack Brimberg,Charles ReVelle,1998, “A bi-objective plant location problem：cost vs. demand served”,location science,6,pp.121-135
[28]Konstantin Kogan,1999, “A continuous-time integrated model for discrete control of production flow in a multi-level bills of material environment, international transaction in operational research,6,pp.263-273
[29]Linet Ozdamar,Tulin Yazgac,1997,“Capacity driven due date settings in make —to-order production systems,”International Journal of Production Economics,49,pp.29-44
[30] Michel Balinski,Niousha Shahidi,1998, “A simple approach to the product rate variation problem via axiomatics”,Operations Research Letter,22,pp.139-135.
[31]Tan K.C., Kannan, V.R., Handfield, R.B., 1998, “ Supply Chain Management：Supplier performance and firm performance”, International Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, 34, 3, pp.2-9
[32] Larry J. LeBlanc, Avraham Shtub, G.Anadaalingam, 1999, “Formulating and solving production planning problems”, European Journal of Operational Research, 112, pp54-80
[33] Michael G. Van Buer, David L. Woodruff, Rick T.Olson, 1999, “Solving the medium newspaper production/distribution problem”, European Journal of Operational Research, 115, pp237-253
[34] Michael G. Hegedus,Wallance J. Hopp, 2001, “Due date setting with supply constraints in systems using MRP”, European Journal of Operational Research, 39, pp293-305
[35]Robert Klein,Armin School,1996, “Maximizing the production rate in simple assembly line balancing — Abranch and bound procedure”, European Journal of Operational Research, 91, pp367-385
[36]R.Sridharan ,1993, “A Lagrangian heuristic for the capacitated plant location problem with single source constraints”,66,pp305-312
[37] Santos, Amâncio, Dourado António, 1999, “Global optimization of energy and production in process industries: a genetic algorithm application”, Control Engineering Practice, 7, 549-554
[38]Suda Tragantalerngsak,John Holt,Mikael Ronnqvist,1997, “Lagrangian heuristics for the two-echelon ,single-source,capacitated facility location problem”, European Journal of Operational Research ,102,pp.611-625
[39]S.Selcuk Erenguc,N.C.Simpson,Asoo J. Vakharia ,1999, “Integrated production/distribution planning in supply chains：An invited review”,European Journal of Operational Research,115,pp.219-236
[40]Salem Lakhal,Alain Martel,Ossama Kettani,Muhittin Oral, “On the optimization of supply chain networking decisions”, European Journal of Operational Research, 129, pp259-270
[41]Vaidyanathan Jayaraman,Hasan Pirkul,2001, “Planning and coordination of production and distribution facilities for multiple commodities”,European Journal of Operational Research,133,pp.394-409
[42]Y.Hinojosa,J.Puerto,F.R.Fernandez,2000, “A multiperiod two-echelon multicommodity capacitated plant location problem”,European Journal of Operational Research, 123, pp271-291