臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

固定化生菌生產木糖醇
學生：陳觀彬 指導教授：廖文城 博士
國立雲林科技大學工業化學與災害防治研究所
摘 要
本研究利用稻草為原料，以硫酸水解，結果顯示以2%的硫酸在126℃中加熱60min，是最佳的條件可得每100克稻桿產出13.3克的木糖。使用活性碳去除色素以及調節pH所產生的鹽類，,再以光架橋壓克力樹脂固定化方法將一定量的菌種-Candida sp.包埋在親水性壓克力樹脂所形成的3D網狀結構中，將所製得的固定化菌體使木糖發酵以生產木糖醇。
在光架橋固定化方面，則以polyethylene glycol diacrylate ( PEG-DA)與2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)為主的壓克力單體，再加入1%的Benzoin isopropyl ether (光增感劑)及酵母菌，製得厚度0.2mm的固定化膜，所得之酵母菌固定化膜於基質濃度10%之培養液中發酵後所得之木糖醇濃度為最佳，轉化率可達70%。將固定化之酵母菌膜進行批式持久性測試，可以長達1~2個月，其轉化率可達60%以上，而將稻草水解液利用固定化膜發酵，其轉化率為70%。

Production of xylitol by immobilized yeast cell
Student：Kaun-Ben Chen Advisors：Dr. Wen-Chang Liaw
Institute of Industrial Chemistry and Hazards Prevention
National Yunlin University of Science & Technology
ABSTRACT
This study deals with production of xylitol from rice straw. Straw was first treated with sulfuric acid, the result indicates that the best condition for hydrolysis is using 2% H2SO4 and heat the straw at 126℃for 60min.Througth this treatment 13.3g of xylose can be obtained from 100g of rice straw. Xylose thus obtained is further decolorized with activated charcol and pH adjusted to remove the salts. Meanwhile, the yeast strain-Candida subtropicalis is immobilized and entrapped in the hydrophilic acrylic resin matrix using photopolymerization method. The immobilized cells are then used to ferment xylose to xylitol.
As for immobilization with photo-crosslinking, the raw material used are acrylic monomer such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate ( PEG-DA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).To these substances were added with 1% Benzoin isopropyl ether(photo-semsitizer agent)and yeast cells. The membrarce thus formed has a thickness of 0.2mm and in the 10% culture medium it will product the highest amount of xylitol with a yield of 70%. The immobilized yeast cells are them treated batchwise for endurance. Result indicates that it is fairly stable for 1~2 months with a yield exceeds 60%.

目 錄
中文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
英文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
誌謝 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
表目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
圖目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- vi
一、 緒論--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1 農業副產品之簡介--------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 木糖醇之介紹--------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.3 醱酵木糖生產木糖醇------------------------------------------------ 10
1.4 固定化技術概論------------------------------------------------------ 12
1.5 文獻回顧--------------------------------------------------------------- 20
1.6 研究構想--------------------------------------------------------------- 35
1.7 固定化酵母菌水膠薄膜之光聚合--------------------------------- 36
二、 實驗材料、設備與方法----------------------------------------------- 38
2.1 藥品與材料----------------------------------------------------------- 38
2.2 儀器設備-------------------------------------------------------------- 40
2.3 藥品的精餾----------------------------------------------------------- 41
2.4 稻草及蔗渣之加酸水解-------------------------------------------- 42
2.5 菌體培養與生長曲線測試------------------------------------------ 43
2.6 固定化水膠薄膜之製成-------------------------------------------- 45
2.7 固定化酵母菌薄膜性質之測定------------------------------------ 49
三、 結果與討論------------------------------------------------------------ 51
3.1 水解條件對半纖維素的影響--------------------------------------- 51
3.2 固定化酵母菌薄膜物理性質探討--------------------------------- 56
3.3 固定化酵母菌膜單體配方對醱酵產率的影響------------------ 60
3.4 稻桿水解液經活性碳處理對固定化酵母菌醱酵之影響----- 64
3.5 固定化膜對純木糖及經活性碳處理之稻桿水解液醱酵木糖醇之探討--------------------------------------------------------------- 66
3.6 批式固定化膜持久性測試------------------------------------------ 86
3.7 蔗渣水解液對醱酵生產木糖醇之影響--------------------------- 100
四、 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------- 106
五、 參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------- 108
六、 自傳--------------------------------------------------------------- 115

五、參考文獻:
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2.Barbosa, M. S. S., de Medeiros, M. B., de Mancilha, I. M., Schneider, H., and Lee. H. : Screening of yeasts for production of xylitol from D-xylose and some factors which affect xylitol yield in candida guillermondii. J. Ind. Microbiol., 3, 241-251, 1988
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4. Domingues, J. M.and Gong, C. S., and Taso, G. T. 1996 Pretreatment of
Sugarcane Bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate for xylitol production by yeast.Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.57/58:49-56
5.De Silva, S. S. and Afschar, A. S. : Microbial production of xylitol from xylose using candida tropicalis. Bioprocess Eng., 11, 129-134, 1994
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7.Emodi, A., and Jahns, F. 1970. Unpublished data.Hoffmann-La Roch Inc.
8.Fratzke, A. R., and Reilly, P. J. 1977. Uses and Metabolic Effects of Xylitol, I. Process Biochemistry 12(7) : 27-29.
9.Frieda B. K., 1988, “Immobilized Microboial Systems: Principles, Techniques and industrial Applications”, Robert E. Krieger publishing Company Inc., 4-11 : 94-96.
10.Furlan, S. A., Boutlloud, P., Strehaiano, P. and Riba, J. P., “Study on xylitol formation from xylose under oxygen limiting conditions, “ Biotechnol. Lett., 13, 203-206, 1991
11.Furlan, S. A., Boutlloud, and de Castro, H. F.: influence of oxygen on ethanol and xylitol production by xylose fermenting yeasts. Process biochem., 29, 657-662, 1994
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sugarcane bagasse Hemicelluose Hydrolysate for Ethnol
production by yeast. Appl.Biochem. Biotechnol.19/40:83-88
13.Grunberg, E., Beskid, G., and Brin, M. 1973. Efficacy of xylitol in Reducing Dental Caries in Rates. Int. J. Vit and Nutr. Res 43 : 227.
14. Horitsu, H., Yahashi, Y., Takamizawa, K., Kawai, K., Suzuki, and Watanabe, N., ”production of xylitol from D-xylose by Candida tropicalis : Optimization of production Rate”, Biotechenol. Bioeng., 40, 1085-1091 (1992).
15.Heikkila, H. Nurmi, J. Rahkila, L. and Toyryla, M., “Method for the production of xylitol from Mixtures containing Xylose, “ Patent WO 90/08913(1990).