臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本論文所使用之ePTFE (expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene )為一PTFE經過雙軸延伸後的產品，其一般性質與PTFE類似，具有耐化學品、耐熱、低介電特性及低摩擦係數等優點。雖然ePTFE的應用也相當普及，但與PTFE相同其疏水性的特性卻也往往導致它的應用受到許多限制。所以，若能提高ePTFE的表面親水性，則其應用將會更廣。
本論文利用不同的低溫電漿表面改質法對ePTFE進行表面改質，以接枝或直接聚合丙烯酸的方式增加ePTFE的表面親水性。其方式分別是乙烯微波電漿誘導熱接枝丙烯酸反應、丙烯酸微波電漿聚合反應，丙烯酸高週波電漿聚合反應及AAc/C2H4混合高週波電漿聚合反應等四種。改質後的試片以ESCA、ATR-FTIR、SEM、AFM和dynamic contact angle-Wilhelmy plate method等表面分析技術評估改質成果，並探討不同方式對改質效果之差異。由表面分析之[F]/[C]與[O]/[C] 值結果顯示得知，四種方法中丙烯酸高週波電漿聚合反應法效果最好且步驟簡單，表面保有較多影響親水性之[COOH]官能基；在功率為2∼30W中，相同的單體流量和處理時間下，較高功率會有較佳之成膜效果，此法可將ePTFE之表面改質為丙烯酸高分子膜，且其動態接觸角之前進角由158°減小至63°左右，靜態接觸角則由127.7°下降至28.0，有很好之親水性改善。

Abstract
Since the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) essentially a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material, it possesses the PTFE properties such as low electric constant, thermal stability, chemical inertness and low surface energy. It has been widely used for separator in tightly pressed and varied chemical environment. Nevertheless, the hydrophobic characteristic has restricted these materials for certain applications. Thus, to enhance its value, it is important to improve the hydrophobic properties of its surface.
In this study, different methods were carried out to modify the surface properties of the ePTFE sample, which included C2H4 microwave plasma pretreatment and followed by acrylic acid graft polymerization、microwave plasma polymerized acrylic acid、radio frequency plasma polymerized acrylic acid and C2H4/AAc radio frequency copolymerization. The modified specimens were characterized with electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA)、attenuated total reflection fourieer transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)、scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM)、atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle by Wilhelmy plate method. According to the ESCA C1s core level spectra, it is found that with the radio frequency acrylic acid plasma polymerization a desirable [F]/[C] and [O]/[C] ratio on the surface, and a higher level of functional group retention ([COOH/R]) of the acrylic acid were obtained. The result of AFM measurement show that under. the same monomer flow rate and deposition time higher plasma power result in a higher efficiency of the film deposition, and less roughness of the ePTFE surface. The result of the dynamic contact angle measurement shows that the radio frequency acrylic acid plasma polymerization is a more efficient method to make the surface of the ePTFE hydrophilic than the other method need in this study.

目錄
第一章 緒論………………………….………….……………………...1
1-1. 前言…………...………………………….…….………………1
1-2. 鐵氟龍（PTFE）簡介………..………….…………………….2
1-3. PTFE的特性…………………….…….….………………..…..4
1-4. ePTFE ....…………………………..……...……………………5
1-5. PTFE的應用....…………………………...……………………7
1-6. 研究動機...………………………………....……………..……8
1-7. 文獻回顧...………………………………….……………..……9
第二章 基礎理論………………….………….…………………….......11
2-1. 電漿簡介………......…….………….…………….……….......11
2-1-1. 電漿基本理論....…….………….……………..……….......11
2-1-2. 電漿化學…..….…………………..……….…..……….......13
2-1-3. 離子化方法.………….………..……………………...........15
2-1-4. 鞘區….………….……………..……………………...........15
2-2. 電漿蝕刻………..……….………….…………….……….......16
2-3. 低溫電漿的特色..……….………….…………….……….......20
2-4. 低溫電漿高分子表面改質...……….…………….……….......20
2-4-1. 表面活化...…………………...….…………….……….......21
2-4-2. 電漿誘導接枝共聚反應..……….…………….……….......22
2-4-3. 電漿聚合反應………………...….…………….………......24
2-5. 低溫電漿產生方式……………...….……….…….………......25
2-5-1. 高週波電漿………………...….…………….…………......25
2-5-2. 微波電漿………………...….…………….……………......26
2-5-3. 電暈放電………………...….…………….……………......27
2-6. 低溫電漿技術在產業中可能的應用……….…….………......28
2-7. 儀器原理………………...….…………….……………...........29
2-7-1. ESCA原理……...….…………….……………...................29
2-7-1-1.化學位移…..…………………………………………….30
2-7-1-2. X-ray光源..…………………………….……………….30
2-7-1-3.角度解析光電子分析……………….….……………….31
2-7-2. AFM原理…...….…………….……………........................34
2-7-2-1. Contact mode之原理…….………….………………….34
2-7-2-2. Tapping mode之原理…….…………….……………….34
2-7-2-3. Non-Contact mode之原理……….….…………….…….35
2-7-3. ATR-FTIR 原理………….……………..............................38
2-7-4. SEM 原理………….…………….……...............................40
2-7-5. 接觸角的量測原理….…………….…….............................41
第三章 藥品與儀器……….……….….….……....................................46
3-1. 實驗藥品……….……….…….….…........................................46
3-2. 實驗儀器……….……….…….….…........................................46
第四章 實驗流程與步驟……….……….…….……..............................48
4-1. 實驗流程圖…….……….…….…….........................................48
4-2. 實驗儀器…….……….…….…….............................................49
4-2-1. 微波電漿反應器……….……................................................49
4-2-2. 高週波電漿反應器……...……..............................................49
4-3. 實驗方法…….……….…….…….............................................51
4-4. 實驗步驟…….……….…….…….............................................51
4-4-1. ePTFE 之備製…….…….………..........................................51
4-4-2. 乙烯微波電漿誘導熱接枝丙烯酸反應.................................52
4-4-3. 丙烯酸微波電漿聚合反應….……….......................................53
4-4-4. 丙烯酸高週波電漿聚合反應………........................................54
4-3-5 AAc/C2H4高週波電漿聚合反應..............................................55
第五章 結果與討論……….…………….…….........................................56
5-1. 未處理ePTFE.……………….……............................................56
5-1-1. ESCA分析……………..….……............................................56
5-1-2. SEM……………..………………............................................58
5-1-3. ATR-FTIR…………..….……..................................................59
5-1-4. AFM.……………….……........................................................60
5-1-5. Contact angle……….……........................................................61
5-2. 乙烯微波電漿誘導熱接枝丙烯酸反應......................................62
5-2-1. ESCA分析……….……...........................................................62
5-2-2. ATR-FTIR...…….......................................................................62
5-2-3. SEM……….……......................................................................62
5-2-4. Contact angle…….....................................................................63
5-3. 丙烯酸微波電漿聚合反應..........................................................64
5-3-1. ESCA分析…............................................................................65
5-3-2. Contact angle.............................................................................74
5-4. 丙烯酸高週波電漿聚合反應......................................................78
5-4-1. ESCA 分析…...........................................................................78
5-4-2. ATR-FTIR….............................................................................84
5-4-3. SEM…......................................................................................86
5-4-4. AFM..........................................................................................86
5-4-5. Contact angle.............................................................................92
5-5. AAc/C2H4混合高週波電漿電漿聚合反應….............................94
5-5-1. ESCA分析…............................................................................94
5-5-2. SEM….......................................................................................94
5-5-3. AFM…......................................................................................95
5-5-4. Contact angle.............................................................................95
第六章 結論….........................................................................................100
參考文獻…...................................................................................................101

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