愈是精密的設備對於振動防制的要求愈是嚴謹，振動量的降低意謂著加工精度的提昇，對於設備整體的使用壽命而言也就相對增加。通常馬達在整體設備中扮演的角色是作為動力來源，亦主導著設備的振動量關係，當動力源的振動量愈低對於避免激發其他系統的振動亦相對提高。
本研究以旋轉機械中常見的故障類型應用於馬達的故障診斷，利用時域波形、軸心軌跡分析、瀑布圖分析、頻譜分析、模態分析等信號分析方法，研究馬達的動態特性與故障信號的關係，建立其故障信號特徵及故障診斷方法，透過模糊診斷的觀念，將故障信號特徵應用於專家系統，並且探討建立診斷專家系統的方法。

The more precise equipment needs a higher prevention of vibration control. Decreasing the vibration amplitude means that it can raise the process precision, and increase the life cycle of the equipment. In general, motor plays the role of the power source in whole equipment. It also leads the relation of the equipment vibration amplitude. Lower vibration amplitude of the power source may help avoid arousing other system’s resonance.
In this study, we used the malfunction of rotating machinery to diagnose the motor. We used the analytical method of time domain method, orbit method, waterfall method, frequency domain method, and model testing, to research the relationship between motor dynamic characteristic and malfunction signature. Using fuzzy diagnosis concept to establish the malfunction signature and the method of malfunction diagnosis. Applying malfunction signature to expert system and study the method of building expert system.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………Ⅵ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
第一章導論……………………………………………………………………1
第二章信號分析方法…………………………………………………………3
2.1時域分析………………………………………………………………3
2.2頻譜分析………………………………………………………………7
2.3軸心軌跡分析…………………………………………………………8
2.4瀑布圖分析……………………………………………………………8
2.5模態分析………………………………………………………………8
第三章馬達故障類型與信號特徵關係………………………………………10
3.1轉子系統問題…………………………………………………………14
3.1.1轉子不平衡……………………………………………………………14
3.1.2軸彎曲…………………………………………………………………16
3.1.3盤歪……………………………………………………………………16
3.1.4不對中…………………………………………………………………17
3.1.5軸裂……………………………………………………………………23
3.2支承系統問題…………………………………………………………26
3.2.1滾動軸承故障…………………………………………………………26
3.2.2軸承鬆動………………………………………………………………30
3.2.3軸承歪斜………………………………………………………………31
3.2.4油膜軸承故障…………………………………………………………31
3.2.5軸承磨耗………………………………………………………………33
3.2.6軸頸失圓成橢圓或三角形……………………………………………34
3.3轉子磨蹭………………………………………………………………34
3.4共振……………………………………………………………………35
3.4.1基座整體材料弱化……………………………………………………35
3.4.2基座螺絲鬆動…………………………………………………………36
3.4.3轉子共振………………………………………………………………37
3.4.4箱體共振………………………………………………………………38
3.5電磁問題………………………………………………………………38
3.5.1脈衝扭矩………………………………………………………………39
3.5.2轉子或轉子線圈異常…………………………………………………40
3.5.3定子或定子線圈異常…………………………………………………41
3.5.4換相問題………………………………………………………………41
第四章馬達故障診斷之專家系統……………………………………………42
4.1專家系統組成及模組…………………………………………………43
4.2馬達故障診斷原理及知識表示法……………………………………45
4.2.1常用的隸屬函數………………………………………………………46
4.2.2知識表示法……………………………………………………………47
4.3診斷推理機制與診斷方法……………………………………………50
第五章馬達故障診斷實例……………………………………………………58
5.1診斷對象與量測系統介紹……………………………………………58
5.2軟體介面與操作說明…………………………………………………59
5.3診斷實例分析…………………………………………………………63
5.3.1診斷實例一……………………………………………………………63
5.3.2診斷實例二……………………………………………………………68
5.3.3診斷實例三……………………………………………………………71
第六章結論……………………………………………………………………74
附錄一 常用的隸屬函數…………………………………………………………75
附錄二 貼近度運算…..…………………………………………………………83
附錄三 馬達工號D22204-1實驗結果……………………………………………86
附錄四 馬達工號D13205實驗結果………………………………………………94
附錄五 馬達工號D17050實驗結果………………………………………………101
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………109
簡歷………………………………………………………………………………113

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