臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以黑柿（一點紅，I Tien Hung）與聖女（Sheng Neu）品種的番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）為材料，分成新鮮、冷凍乾燥及熱風乾燥等三種不同處理之番茄樣品，以甲醇萃取其抗氧化活性成分，並探討各番茄樣品甲醇萃取液之抗氧化活性。
在還原力方面，以經冷凍乾燥處理之聖女番茄樣品之甲醇萃取液，其還原能力優於所有其他樣品之甲醇萃取液，其次為新鮮與冷凍乾燥處理之黑柿番茄及新鮮之聖女番茄之甲醇萃取液，再其次則為經熱風乾燥處理之聖女番茄與黑柿番茄之甲醇萃取液，而BHA與α-生育醇之甲醇萃取液在還原力上皆為最低。
在亞鐵離子螯合能力方面，以冷凍乾燥與熱風乾燥處理之黑柿番茄之甲醇萃取液，其亞鐵離子螯合能力最佳，其次是新鮮之黑柿番茄樣品與經冷凍乾燥處理及熱風乾燥處理之聖女番茄之甲醇萃取液，其亞鐵離子螯合能力相近，而BHA與α-生育醇之甲醇萃取液則沒有亞鐵離子之螯合能力。
在DPPH自由基之清除能力方面，不論是黑柿大番茄或聖女小番茄，其新鮮與各乾燥處理樣品之甲醇萃取液，在低濃度時（2 mg/mL）就有很強的DPPH自由基之清除能力，若與α-生育醇和BHA之甲醇萃取液作比較，DPPH自由基之清除能力皆相近。
就抗氧化活性成分之定量分析而言，於抗壞血酸方面，皆以新鮮的番茄含量較高；於類黃酮素含量分析上，不論是黑柿或聖女番茄其新鮮與冷凍乾燥及熱風乾燥處理的樣品含量均不高，其值皆為每百克乾重含10 mg以下；而總多酚類之含量，則黑柿大番茄與聖女小番茄之熱風乾燥處理的樣品其含量較高；此外各樣品之番茄紅素含量之比較，則以新鮮之聖女番茄樣品其含量最高。

In this study, two varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), I Tien Hung and Sheng Neu, were used as materials, and sampled as fresh, freeze dried, and hot air dried tomatoes. The antioxidative components of these samples were extracted using methanol as a solvent, and the antioxidative properties of methanolic extracts were studied.
In the analysis of reducing power, it was found that the methanolic extract from freeze dried Sheng Neu tomato had the highest reducing power, those from fresh and freeze dried I Tien Hung tomatoes and fresh Sheng Neu tomato had the next ones, those from hot air dried Sheng Neu and I Tien Hung tomatoes had the third ones, and BHA and alpha-tocopherol had the lowest.
In the analysis of ferrous ion chelating power, it showed the methanolic extracts from freeze dried and hot air dried I Tien Hung tomatoes had the highest values, those from fresh I Tien Hung, freeze dried and hot air dried Sheng Neu tomatoes had the next ones. BHA and alpha-tocopherol exhibited no ferrous ion chelating power.
In the analysis of DPPH scavenging activity, all the tomato samples exhibited high scavenging activity at a low concentration about 2mg/mL, which was close to those of BHA and alpha-tocopherol.
In the quantitative analysis of antioxidative components, all the fresh tomato samples had the highest content of ascorbic acid; all the tomato samples contained a low quantity of flavonoids, which was less than 10 mg/100 g dry sample; hot air dried I Tien Hung and Sheng Neu tomato samples had a high content of total phenolics; the fresh Sheng Neu tomato sample contained the highest quantity of lycopene.

目 錄
頁次
封面內頁
簽名頁
授權書………………………………………………………iii
中文摘要…………………………………………....……iv
英文摘要………………………………………………….….vi
誌謝……………………………………………………….….viii
目錄……………………………………………………….….ix
圖目錄…………………………………………………….….xi
表目錄…………………………………………………….….xii
第一章 緒論………………………………………..…....1
第二章 文獻整理
一、冷凍乾燥…………………………………4
二、熱風乾燥…………………………...........………6
三、抗氧化劑……………………………...........……7
四、天然抗氧化劑……………………..........…..…14
五、番茄簡介…………………………….........…….25
六、抗氧化活性之測定原理……….............…….26
第三章 實驗材料與方法
一、 實驗材料……………………………….......30
二、 藥品…………………………….....…………30
三、 設備…………………………………….......32
四、 實驗方法…………………………….………..32
第四章 結果與討論
一、抗氧化活性之分析………..……………….…..….38
二、番茄抗氧化活性成分之定量分析………….……...47
第五章 結論……………………………………………….52
參考文獻……………………………………………………54
圖目錄
頁次
圖2.1. BHA、BHT、PG、TBHQ之化學結構…….…….……...10
圖2.2. 番茄紅素之化學結構……………………..….……..19
圖2.3. δ-tocopherol之化學結構………………..…………21
圖2.4. 類黃酮之化學結構…………………………...………23
圖4.1新鮮與乾燥之黑柿番茄甲醇萃取液
與BHA及α-生育醇之還原力比較.………….......…………39
圖4.2新鮮與乾燥之聖女番茄甲醇萃取液
與BHA及α-生育醇之還原力比較.………………….......…40
圖4.3新鮮與乾燥之黑柿番茄甲醇萃取液與BHA
及α-生育醇之亞鐵離子螯合能力之比較………….....……43
圖4.4新鮮與乾燥之聖女番茄甲醇萃取液與BHA
及α-生育醇之亞鐵離子螯合能力之比較………….....……44
圖4.5新鮮與乾燥之黑柿番茄甲醇萃取液與BHA
及α-生育醇之DPPH自由基清除能力之比較……….......…46
圖4.6新鮮與乾燥之聖女番茄甲醇萃取液與BHA
及α-生育醇之DPPH自由基清除能力之比較……….......…48
表目錄
頁次
表2.1天然抗氧化劑之來源………………………………………16
表2.2類黃酮的抗氧化特性………………………………………24
表4.1各種番茄樣品中抗壞血酸、類黃酮素
及多酚類之含量…………………………………….....………49
表4.2 各種番茄樣品中番茄紅素之含量……………………….51

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