臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文包含兩個雷射二極體驅動電路，其中一個是可操作在1.25Gbps的雷射二極體驅動電路，另外一個是位元傳輸速率可達4.0Gbps的雷射二極體驅動電路，雷射二極體驅動電路包含PECL-to-CMOS邏輯電路、緩衝電路、調變電路、及具自動功率控制的偏壓電路；另外，我們在4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動器加上脈衝整形電路來改善電路，使雷射二極體驅動電路模擬結果最高可達4.0Gbps。這兩個電路都是透過CIC以TSMC 0.35um 1P4M製程來製作晶片。
為了設計雷射二極體驅動電路，也探討有關雷射二極體驅動電路輸出入介面的問題，也建立模擬時需要使用到的雷射二極體模型。

Two laser diode drivers are presented in this thesis. One is operated at 1.25Gbps while the other at 4.0Gbps. Each of them contains a PECL-to-CMOS logic circuit, a buffer circuit, a modulation circuit, and an automatic power control circuit. Nevertheless, a pulse shaping stage is included in the 4.0Gbps laser diode driver for improvement. The simulated results are presented and discussed. We use the TSMC 0.35um 1P4M technology parameters for the designs and fabricate these two chips with the help of CIC.
We also discuss the interface problems of laser diodes and build a laser diode model for circuit simulation.

目錄
目錄
封面內頁
簽名頁
授權書......................................................iii
中文摘要.....................................................iv
英文摘要......................................................v
誌謝v.........................................................i
目錄........................................................vii
圖目錄v.....................................................iii
表目錄.......................................................ix
第一章 前言..................................................1
1.1 簡介....................................................1
1.2 光纖通訊系統...........................................2
1.2.1 發信器................................................3
1.2.2 光纖..................................................4
1.2.3 收信器或中繼器........................................4
1.2.4 同步寬頻光纖通訊網路..................................5
1.2.5 光纖系統輸出光源......................................6
第二章 雷射二極體驅動電路設計之研讀.........................12
2.1 動機...................................................12
2.2 雷射二極體特性.........................................13
2.3 雷射二極體驅動IC輸入部分的電路.........................15
2.4 雷射二極體驅動IC射二極體之間的介面.....................21
第三章 1.25Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路..........................28
3.1 前言...................................................28
3.2 1.25Gbps 雷射二極體驅動電路............................28
3.2.1 雷射二極體驅動電路架構...............................28
3.2.2 PECL to CMOS 邏輯電路................................30
3.2.3 緩衝電路.............................................32
3.2.4 調變電路.............................................33
3.2.5 偏壓電路.............................................34
第四章 4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路............................36
4.1 前言...................................................36
4.2 雷射二極體導通與截止問題...............................36
4.3 快速驅動電路...........................................39
4.4 脈衝整形...............................................40
4.5 4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路..............................41
4.5.1 PECL to CMOS 邏輯電路................................41
4.5.2 緩衝電路.............................................43
4.5.3 調變電路.............................................44
第五章 量測與模擬結果.......................................47
5.1 1.25Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路量測與模擬結果...............47
5.1.1 模擬結果.............................................47
5.1.2 量測結果.............................................49
5.1.2.1 IC佈局.............................................49
5.1.2.2 測試方法與測試儀器.................................50
5.1.2.3 討論與結論.........................................53
5.2 4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路模擬結果......................54
第六章 結論.................................................59
參考文獻.....................................................61
附錄.........................................................64
圖目錄
圖1.1 光纖通訊系統模型......................................3
圖1.2 光纖網路基本元件......................................5
圖1.3 1310nm雷射二極體特性曲線..............................8
圖1.4 1310nm雷射二極體極光二極體模型........................9
圖1.5 垂直面射型雷射二極體極光二極體模型...................11
圖2.1 雷射二極體調變電流及偏壓電流.........................14
圖2.2 雷射二極體順向電壓與電流及光輸出功率對應曲線.........15
圖2.3 PECL 輸出驅動電路概圖................................16
圖2.4 PECL 輸出模擬波形....................................17
圖2.5 PECL 加入M3、M4改善後PECL輸出波形....................17
圖2.6 直流耦合形式的PECL TO PECL...........................18
圖2.7 交流耦合形式的PECL TO PECL...........................19
圖2.8 PECL輸入電路概圖.....................................20
圖2.9 雷射二極體與雷射驅動IC介面及寄生元件示意圖...........22
圖2.10 雷射驅動IC與雷射二極體輸出電路介面...................23
圖2.11 直流耦合介面線路.....................................25
圖2.12 交流耦合介面線路.....................................25
圖2.13 交/流耦合輸出電壓（OUT+）、雷射電流（IL).............26
圖2.14 2.5Gbps AC-coupling..................................27
圖3.1 雷射二極體驅動電路架構...............................29
圖3.2 PECL to CMOS 訊號轉換圖..............................30
圖3.3 PECL-to-CMOS 電路....................................30
圖3.4 PECL-to-CMOS差動放大器頻率響應.......................31
圖3.5 模擬PECL-to-CMOS電路輸入電壓（in）、輸出電壓in1......32
圖3.6 緩衝電路.............................................32
圖3.7 模擬緩衝電路輸出電壓in2..............................33
圖3.8 調變電路.............................................34
圖3.9 模擬調變電路輸出電流.................................34
圖3.10 偏壓電路方塊圖.......................................35
圖3.11 偏壓電路.............................................35
圖4.1 雷射二極體驅動電流及輸出光功率.......................37
圖4.2 雷射二極體驅動電流及輸出光功率的eye diagrams.........38
圖4.3 雷射二極體驅動電流及輸出光功率.......................38
圖4.4 雷射二極體驅動電流及輸出光功率的eye diagrams.........38
圖4.5 電流-開關(a)理想電流源Io(b)標準電晶體電流源(c)新的
電晶體開關電流源.............................................40
圖4.6 差動對開關切換情形...................................40
圖4.7 脈衝整形改善後差動對切換情形.........................41
圖4.8 PECL-to-CMOS 邏輯電路................................42
圖4.9 PECL-to-CMOS差動放大器頻率響應.......................42
圖4.10 模擬PECL-to-CMOS電路輸入電壓（in）、輸出電壓in1......43
圖4.11 緩衝電路.............................................43
圖4.12 模擬緩衝電路輸出電壓in2..............................44
圖4.13 調變電路（脈衝整形電路、輸出電路)....................45
圖4.14 模擬脈衝整形電路輸出波形.............................46
圖4.15 模擬LD輸出電流.......................................46
圖4.16 調變電路頻率響應.....................................46
圖5.1 IC接腳模型...........................................47
圖5.2 雷射二極體驅動電路...................................48
圖5.3 模擬LD輸出電流eye diagrams...........................48
圖5.4 模擬輸出介面未加入RC-shunt network調變電流輸出波形...49
圖5.5 1.25Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路 Layout圖..................50
圖5.6 1.25Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路晶片照相圖.................50
圖5.7 IMS200量測機台.......................................51
圖5.8 IC接線...............................................51
圖5.9 IMS200的參數設定.....................................51
圖5.10 Modulation current測量...............................52
圖5.11 Bias current測量.....................................52
圖5.12 out+輸出電壓波形.....................................52
圖5.13 4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路............................55
圖5.14 2.5Gbps data rates eye diagrams......................55
圖5.15 probe windows 模型...................................56
圖5.16 4.0Gbps雷射二極體驅動電路Layout......................56
圖5.17 模擬LD輸出電流eye diagrams...........................58
表目錄
表1.1 同步光纖通訊系統網路傳輸速率..........................6
表1.2 1310nm雷射二極體極光二極體等效RLC元件................10
表2.1 PECL輸出及輸入電壓值.................................20
表 5.1 雷射二極體驅動電路特性總合...........................58

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