臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

網際網路徹底改變了全球的經濟模式，企業體導入電子商務已成為取得並保有市場競爭力的重要手段，而電子資料交換(EDI)正是B2B電子商務的建置重點。以往EDI必須透過加值網路服務來完成，建置、導入及傳輸成本龐大，所以並未被廣泛的應用。在Web-EDI的模式下，雖可有效的降低成本，但若以HTML作為資料交換的標準，在與企業內部應用系統整合時，會顯得缺乏彈性且難達成資料交換流程自動化的目的。XML能將資料結構及語意結合為一體，採用XML做為資料交換格式及透過網際網路做為交換管道的方法，將會逐漸取代傳統EDI的作業方式。
本研究針對中小企業，提出一個在網際網路上以XML及軟體代理人為基礎的電子資料交換系統架構。在資料的交換格式上選擇具有跨平台特性與擴充性的XML格式做為交換標準，兼具B2B 及 B2C 資料交換功能。在資訊系統整合方面，我們提出以XML為媒介語言的資料轉換中介模式，用來描述同質或異質資料庫以及不同資料結構資料轉換的資訊(Meta Data)，包含資料庫來源、欄位來源、資料格式、轉換規則的定義等資訊。此外，我們更將軟體代理人的觀念帶入電子資料交換的系統架構中，以軟體代理人自動將交易訊息回覆給客戶，以新的資訊科技來加強客戶關係的管理。同時將以貨運業的資料交換的應用做為實例探討。
關鍵字：電子資料交換、網際網路、可延伸標示語言、軟體代理人。

The internet has changed the global economic business model. Every industry has to learn to adapt to the speed and connectivity of the Internet─i.e. E-Commerce. EDI is the major infrastructure of B2B E-Commerce. Due to the high cost of VAN needed by the traditional EDI systems, the application of EDI is restricted to large-scale companies. Although the Web-EDI has dramatically cut down the implementation cost, HTML is less flexible and hard to extend. On the other hand, XML provides a file format for representing data and a schema for describing data structure. Thus, a new powerful business paradigm can be created by combining XML and EDI.
In this study, a structure of EDI systems, based on XML and Software Agent is proposed. XML is used for data interchange format, so B2B and B2C data interchange function is included. For the integration of different information systems, XML is used as an interchange medium to transfer the Meta Data among homogeneous databases. The database sources, field sources, data format, interchanging rules and other attributes of an EDI system can all be described by the XML format. The Software Agent concept is also integrated in this EDI structure. The transaction message is fed back automatically to the customers by the software agent to enhance the customer relation management. An existing system of a mid-scale freight transportation company is used as a case study to integrate and interchange data between the company and its clients.
Keywords：EDI, Web, XML, Software Agent.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 導論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 論文大綱 4
第二章 相關研究 5
2.1 電子資料交換的演進 5
2.1.1 傳統電子資料交換系統的概念 5
2.1.2 Web-EDI 8
2.1.3 XML-EDI 9
2.2 可延伸標示語言(XML：eXtensible Markup Language) 12
2.2.1 相關標示語言SGML、HTML介紹 12
2.2.2 XML可延伸標示語言 14
2.2.3 XML文件結構 15
2.2.4 DTD與XML Schema 16
2.2.5 可延伸樣式表語言(XSL：eXtensible Stylesheet Language) 18
2.2.6 XML的未來發展 19
2.3 文件物件模型(DOM ： Document Object Model ) 20
2.3.1 DOM與SAX 20
2.3.2 DOM的規格 23
2.3.3 DOM之樹狀結構分析 24
2.4 軟體代理人 25
2.4.1 軟體代理人概述 25
2.4.2 軟體代理人的分類 26
2.4.3 微軟的代理人(Microsoft Agent) 28
2.4.4 軟體代理人目前的應用 30
第三章 系統分析 31
3.1 系統範圍與架構 31
3.1.1 網路存取方式 33
3.1.2 軟體架構 35
3.2 資料轉換模組分析 36
3.2.1 資料交換格式分析 39
3.2.2 資料轉換系統Meta Data分析 39
3.3 軟體代理人功能分析 40
第四章 系統實作 41
4.1 雛形系統實體關聯資料模型(ER-Model) 41
4.2 資料交換格式的訂立 46
4.3 軟體代理人的實作 48
4.4 軟體設計與程式撰寫 49
第五章 系統雛形 50
5.1 Meta Data的設定與儲存模組 50
5.2 XML交換格式資料產生與維護模組 54
5.3 XML交換資料檔的上傳模組 57
5.4 軟體代理人提供的服務模組 58
5.4.1 軟體代理人─嚮導鳥的呼叫 58
5.4.2 最新消息服務 62
5.4.3 交易訊息自動回報 62
5.4.4 網站功能介紹或指引 64
5.4.5 直接連結常用網頁 65
第六章 系統評估 67
6.1應用結果分析 67
6.1.1 EDI系統模型的整體性分析比較 67
6.1.2 建置維運成本的分析 70
6.1.3 資訊系統整合性問題分析 71
6.2效益評估 73
6.2.1 實施效益比較 73
6.2.2 降低成本效益分析 74
6.2.3導入瓶頸的突破 74
第七章 結論 75
參考文獻 77
感謝詞 81
作者簡介 82

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