臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗分別以無電鍍鎳、鋅置換方法，在鐵粉、鋁粉表面披覆鎳磷、鎳硼、純鎳層與富鋅層，藉由操作參數的控制，如鍍液體積與粉末重量比(V/W)、反應時間，可以控制沉積層的厚度、含量，能量散佈光譜(EDS)與感應耦合電漿光譜分析中(ICP)，均可證明鎳層與鋅層的存在。
鎳以無電鍍法預添加在鐵粉中時，在燒結時可以在較低燒結溫度時，得到較高之燒結密度，在相同燒結溫度時(1100℃)，也有比較佳之緻密性，由於鎳磷化合物(Ni3P)之析出與鎳鐵固溶的效果，硬度大幅提高，鎳含量11.53 wt.%、磷含量0.27 wt.%的合金試片硬度值可達211.6 Hv；而耐蝕性方面以純鎳之試片，有較高的腐蝕電位和較小的腐蝕電流密度。
若鋅置換溶液未除氧時，所得鋁鋅粉在塗層中的添加量增加，則塗層的開路電位(OCP)上升，塗層之陰極保護能力逐漸消失，僅只有氧化物阻絕效果，在鹽水噴霧試驗400小時，鋁鋅粉添加量超過60%，試片皆出現紅□；而置換溶液除氧後，可減少鋁鋅粉中金屬氧化物的量，塗料中鋁鋅粉添加量在40%以下時，開路電位低於鋅粉底漆試片，顯示仍保有不錯的陰極保護能力。

Composite metal powders were prepared and studied in this thesis. Zinc-aluminum powder was obtained by zincating of aluminum powder. Nickel-iron powder was prepared by electroless-nickel plating of iron powder. The effect of experimental parameters, such as v/w, immersion time, on the variation of composition of composite metal powders were investigated. Microstructural analysis were performed by using EDS, XRD, SEM, and ICP.
The sintered specimen of Ni/Fe composite powder is more compact and corrosion-resistant as compared with that of pure Fe powder. Due to the precipitation of Ni3P and Ni, the hardness of Ni/Fe sintered specimen with 11.53 wt.% Ni, 0.27wt.% P was raised to 211.6 Hv.
For the coating of paint with addition of Zn/Al composite powder prepared without deaerating of the zincating solution, the open circuit potential (OCP) of paint coating is increased as the Zn/Al amount is increased. Red rust was observed on the specimen with Zn/Al powder addition amount more than 60% of Zn and Zn/Al mixture. The corrosion resistance of such kind of paint is inferior to zinc-rich paint (ZRP). However, if Zn/Al composite powder was prepared by zinc immersion under deaerating, the inclusion of oxides was greatly decreased. The OCP of paint coating with addition amount of Zn/Al powder less than 40% of metal powder mixture is lower than that of ZRP. It shows better cathodic protection.

總目錄I
圖目錄III
表目錄VI
第一章 前言1
第二章 理論背景說明與文獻查考6
2-1無電鍍原理6
2-1-1 無電鍍鎳鍍液的組成及特性6
2-1-2 無電鍍鎳的反應機構8
2-2鋅置換原理[14]9
2-2-1鋅置換理論9
2-2-2鋅沉積機構10
2-3 鎳磷的添加對鐵粉性質的影響12
2-4 熱浸鍍鋅鋁鍍層中不同鋅鋁含量與抗蝕性的關係14
2-4-1熱浸鍍鋅層組織14
2-4-2鋁含量與熱浸鍍鋅層的抗蝕性關係14
2-5鋅粉底漆[42]15

第三章 實驗步驟及方法25
3-1 複合金屬粉末的製備25
3-1-1不同比例鐵鎳粉的製備25
3-1-2不同比例鋁鋅粉的製備25
3-2 複合金屬粉末的微觀構造分析26
3-2-1感應耦合電漿光譜分析儀26
3-2-2 X光繞射分析儀26
3-2-3 掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散佈光譜分析儀26
3-3 鐵鎳粉燒結過程與特性測試27
3-3-1 乾壓燒結27
3-3-2 密度測試27
3-3-3 維氏微小硬度測試28
3-3-4 電化學測試28
3-4鋁鋅粉塗料配製與耐蝕性測試28
3-4-1 鋁鋅塗料配方設計28
3-4-2 試片的製作29
3-4-3 電化學測試29
3-4-4 鹽水噴霧試驗30

第四章 結果與討論32
4-1不同比例鐵鎳粉微觀構造分析32
4-1-1感應耦合電漿光譜分析32
4-1-2 X光繞射分析32
4-1-2掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散佈光譜分析33
4-2不同鎳含量的鐵鎳合金燒結特性與耐蝕性比較45
4-2-1密度45
4-2-2硬度45
4-2-3金相觀察46
4-2-4動電位極化曲線與線性極化法56
4-3不同比例鋁鋅粉微觀構造分析66
4-3-1感應耦合電漿光譜分析66
4-3-2 X光繞射分析66
4-3-3掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散佈光譜分析67
4-4鋁鋅塗料的電化學分析與防蝕性評估84
4-4-1開路電位(OCP)的量測84
4-4-2動電位極化曲線84
4-4-3鹽水噴霧試驗85
4-4-4鋁鋅粉的添加對鋁-鋅防蝕塗料的影響86

第五章 結論與建議96
參考文獻98
附錄Ⅰ101

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