臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主要是以不□鋼纖維和碳纖維加入ABS塑膠，以射出成型法製作之複合材料，評估其電磁波遮蔽效果。實驗中，首先以毛細管流變儀測試溫度與剪切速率對塑料黏度之影響。使用單螺桿押出機製作不同纖維與含量之塑膠粒，再將塑膠粒經射出成型機製出符合ASTM D4935-89之EMI試片與ASTM標準之機械性質試片。以同軸傳輸電磁波屏蔽測試儀評估電磁波遮蔽值。並進行拉伸強度、彎曲強度、衝擊強度、表面電阻、體電阻與熱變形溫度等物性測試。
結果發現以不□鋼纖維為主的試片，其遮蔽效果並不佳。在添加相同重量的不□鋼纖維與碳纖維時，碳纖維的遮蔽效果較不□鋼纖維佳。而從掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)與光學顯微鏡觀察纖維的分散狀態並不差，但不□鋼纖維與ABS界面關係不佳，可明顯觀察到空孔的存在。以EVA包覆不□鋼纖維，可能因射出溫度過高造成EVA裂解的情形，反而增加了EMI遮蔽效益。纖維體積含有率亦會影響ABS的流動性，但其影響並不及溫度與剪切速率明顯。而在機械性質上的差異，主因也是空孔與纖維體積含有率所導致。

Stainless steel fiber (SSF) and carbon fiber (CF) reinforced ABS composites were made by injection molding, and effectiveness electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding was also evaluated in this study. In this experiment, capillary viscometer was used to examine the effect of testing temperature and shear rate on plastic viscosity. Plastic chips were made by single-screw extruder with different fibers and fiber contents. EMI specimens were made in accordance with ASTM D4935-89 specification, and the specimens for testing mechanical properties were made in accordance with ASTM specification, respectively. The values of shielding were measure by Coaxial Transmission Line. Otherwise, tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, surface and volume electrical resistances, and heat distortion temperature (HDT) were also examined.
The result showed that the effectiveness of EMI shielding of SSF reinforced ABS composites were poor, and CF reinforced ABS composites showed the batter effectiveness of EMI shielding the SFF one in the same weight content. It can be seen that the fibers were well-distributed in the specimens by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM), but the interface of SSF and ABS was worse. There was an obvious void on the interface. EVA which was used to envelop SSF might be degraded at exceeding high injection temperature, but, however, the degraded EVA enhanced the effectiveness of EMI shielding. Fiber volume content affected the fluidity of ABS, but the effect of fiber volume was not as significant as that of temperature and shear rate. The difference on the mechanical properties of SFF and CF specimens were due to the voids and fiber volume content.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………..Ⅱ
目錄……………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅵ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅷ
第一章 緒 論…………………………………………………………1
1.1 電磁波與電磁場……………………………………………2
1.2 電磁干擾的發生與防制……………………………………………6
1.3 電磁場對人體的影響………………………………………………9
1.3.1 高頻電磁場的影響………………………………………………9
1.3.2 低頻電磁場的影響………………………………………………11
1.4電磁波遮蔽材料之射出成型…………………………………………12
1.4.1 國內外相關研究………………………………………………12
1.4.2 塑料黏度………………………………………………………16
1.5研究目的…………………………………………………………....20
第二章 實 驗………………………………………………………..21
2.1 實驗材料…………………………………………………………...21
2.2 塑膠粒與試片製作………………………………………………...23
2.2.1 製作塑膠粒……………………………………………………23
2.2.2 射出成型法製作試片…………………………………………28
2.3 物性與機械性質測試……………………………………………...29
2.3.1 ABS與EVA熱裂解分析……………………………………..29
2.3.2 毛細管流變測試………………………………………………30
2.3.3 EMI測試………………………………………………………30
2.3.4 拉伸測試………………………………………………………31
2.3.5 彎曲測試………………………………………………………31
2.3.6 擺錘式衝擊測試………………………………………………31
2.3.7 表面電阻、體電阻……………………………………………31
2.3.8 硬度測試………………………………………………………32
2.3.9 比重……………………………………………………………32
2.3.10 熱變形溫度測試……………………………………………..32
2.3.11 纖維分散與界面之觀察……………………………………..32
第三章 結 果 與 討 論……………………………………………..33
3.1 熱裂解分析………………………………………………………...33
3.2 毛細管流變分析…………………………………………………...39
3.3 EMI遮蔽效果……………………………………………………43
3.3.1 纖維含量的影響………………………………………………45
3.3.2 纖維種類比較…………………………………………………45
3.3.3 以EVA包覆不□鋼纖維的影響……………………………..46
3.3.4 表面電阻與體電阻值…………………………………………47
3.4 機械性質與物性…………………………………………………...50
3.4.1 抗拉強度………………………………………………………50
3.4.2 彎曲強度………………………………………………………53
3.4.3 衝擊強度………………………………………………………55
3.4.4 硬度……………………………………………………………57
3.4.5 熱變形溫度……………………………………………………57
3.4.6 比重……………………………………………………………57
3.5 纖維的分散情形與界面觀察……………………………………...60
3.5.1 纖維的分散情形………………………………………………60
3.5.2 纖維與基材間界面觀察………………………………………63
第四章 結 論………………………………………………………..67
參考文獻………………………………………………………………..68
附錄……………………………………………………………………..72
作者簡介與致謝………………………………………………………..79

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