摘要
隨著科技進步，塑膠產品品質的要求愈來愈嚴格，而塑膠成型加工方法中，射出成型是主要加工方法之一，塑料過程中的射出速度及壓力、保壓壓力的大小、計量過程中計量的多寡，對於射出成型品品質有很大的影響，而速度及壓力主要為一功率放大器板所控制。
本論文旨在以類比式功率放大器為基礎，設計與製作數位功率放大器，所設計之數位功率放大器各功能皆符合類比式功率放大器，予與一般市售之壓力或流量電控板相連接時更具擴充與相容之特性。此數位功率放大器主要是以單晶片Intel 80196KC微控制器為基礎的伺服油壓之壓力與流量驅動系統。控制法則採用工業界最廣泛使用的PI控制法則，依據油壓動作在某階段為線性的關係，藉由PWM(脈衝寬度調變)控制器來控制輸入電壓，再經電壓/電流轉換器轉換成電流大小以控制LVDT位移量大小。硬體電路設計部分主要以電路模擬軟體先行模擬而後實做之，再輔以MATLAB/SIMULINK軟體來對各個控制器及系統架構進行模擬。而軟體部分則以Intel 80196KC組合語言撰寫，最後實現一個以微處理機為基礎之壓力流量放大器之控制。
關鍵詞：射出成型、功率放大器、脈衝寬度調變

Abstract
Plastic products have been widely applied to the fields of industry and humam day-to-day life. With the increasing of demand for plastic quantity; high quality molded products are required, including surface and internal quality. Thus, the injection phase, filling phase, compressing phase and holding phase of plastics injection molding process should be precisely controlled.
In order to obtain the friendly and precisely controlled for phastic injection molding process, this thesis present a digital pressure/flow power amplifier based on a microcontroller. The digital pressure/flow power amplifier provide the pressure and flow servo control system. The PI control algorithm is used in the designed amplifier and implemented by software. The displacement of servo control system is driven by PWM technique which is directly controlled by the input setting voltage. Finally, a microcontroller-based digital pressure/flow controlled board is designed and implemented. Experimental results are also be demonstrated and discussed.

目 錄
中文摘要Ⅰ
英文摘要Ⅱ
誌謝Ⅲ
目錄Ⅳ
圖目錄Ⅵ
符號對照表Ⅸ
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 問題描述2
1.3 文獻回顧5
1.4 內容大綱9
第二章 油壓控制系統10
2.1 油壓控制順序10
2.2 比例式電磁閥11
2.3 伺服閥15
2.3.1 一段伺服閥15
2.3.2 二段伺服閥15
2.4 脈衝寬度調變式電磁閥16
2.4.1 脈衝寬度調變式電磁線圈之線性化17
第三章 射出成型機閉迴路控制24
3.1 油壓閉迴路控制24
3.2 PI數位參數與類比參數之轉換26
3.3 油壓控制系統模擬28
3.3.1 油壓系統模型建立28
3.3.2 非線性行為模式模擬結果34
第四章 系統研製與實驗結果38
4.1 系統硬體電路38
4.1.1 單晶片微處理器80C196KC功能簡介43
4.1.2 線圈驅動電路46
4.1.3 電源供應器48
4.1.4 電壓轉換電路49
4.1.5 過電流檢測電路52
4.1.6 輸出警示電路53
4.2 軟體設計55
4.3 實驗結果58
4.3.1 實驗結果比較與探討58
第五章 結論與建議63
5.1 結論63
5.2 建議65
參考文獻66
附錄A70

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