臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本文使用碳纖維編成兩種三次元正交型織物補強酚醛樹脂製作碳/碳複合材料，並於熱壓成型時以模具控制試片之尺寸，經四次重複含浸－碳化後，再進行1800℃及2200℃石墨化。主要目的是討論編織方式及熱處理溫度對物性的影響，並對材料進行壓縮及剪切測試進而分析其機械性質及顯微觀測。經壓縮及剪切實驗後，發現軸向紗的筆直與否及交織圈的分散程度對壓縮性質有直接的影響；而軸向紗的纖維含量則對剪切性質有著絕對性的影響。材料的壓縮及剪切強度會隨著溫度的增加而降低，並且試片間差距逐漸拉近的趨勢，而三種試片在經過2200℃石墨化其剪切的最大負載幾乎相同。壓縮破壞時試片會有挫曲的現象，內部軸向紗會因此而彎曲、斷裂、平移，外側的軸向紗則會避開交織圈而向外產生突出斷裂的現象。

ABSTRACT
In this thesis, two types of 3D fabrics were made. With the fabrics added by a phenolic resin, 3D carbon/carbon composites were made. Four cycles of impregnation and carbonization have been applied to the 3D fabrics to made the composites, followed by the graphilization of the composites at 1800 and 2200°C. This work was aimed at the influence of the weaving method and processing temperature on the resulting material properties. Material characterization was conducted based on the compression and transverse shear tests. The results indicated that the fiber alignment and loop pattern are critical factors affecting the compressive properties. The results also indicated that the fiber volume fraction of the axial yarns dominates the shear properties. With the processing temperature increased, the compressive and shear strengths are decreased, and the difference among the fabric types is also diminished. The three specimens treated at 2200 have nearly the same maximum shear. The axial yarns were buckled under the compression. Yarns on the surface can be protected by the loops, and they undergo a bending fracture at points between loops.

目 錄

中文摘要…………………………………………………..…….……..I
英文摘要………………………………………………………………II
目錄…………………………………………………………………...III
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………VI
表目錄……………………………………………………………….XII
第一章 前言…………………………………..……………………..1
1.1三次元碳/碳複合材料的簡介…...………………………….1
1.2碳/碳複合材料的性能與用圖………………………………2
1.3研究動機及目的……………………………………………5
第二章 理論…………………………………………………………6
2.1正交型織物複合材料之理論纖維體積含有率………..…..6
2.2碳化期間酚醛數脂的熱分解過程…………….……….......9
2.3碳/碳複合材料重複含浸－碳化的方法………...……..….11
2.4影響碳/碳複合材料機械性質之因素…………………......14
第三章 實驗……………………….………………………………..15
3.1實驗流程………………………..………………………….15
3.2實驗材料……………………………………………………16
3.3實驗設備.………………………………………...…………17
3.4三次元正交型預成形織物之製…………..……………….18
3.4.1三次元正交型織物編織機……………………...…….18
3.4.2織物編織路徑……………………………………..…..20
3.5實驗步驟……………………………………………………22
3.6試片之符號及尺寸…………………………………………25
3.7複合材料之試………………………………………………25
3.7.1開放性空孔之量測……..……………………….…….25
3.7.2重量損失率…………………………………………...26
3.7.3纖維體積含有率………………………………………26
3.7.4密度之量測…………….……………………………...26
3.7.5壓縮測試………………………………………………26
3.7.6剪切測試……………………………………………....28
3.7.7光學顯微鏡觀察………………………………………29
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………..30
4.1試片之幾何結構分…………………………………………30
4.2試片之物性分析……………….………………………..…33
4.2.1理論纖維體積含有率之比較………………………....33
4.2.2開放性空孔含有率……………………………………34
4.2.3重量損失率……………………………………………35
4.2.4碳化次數與石墨劃對試片密度之影響………….......37
4.3壓縮測試分析….………………………………...………...39
4.3.1試片之破損…………………………………………...39
4.3.2溫度對壓縮破損之影響……………………………...40
4.3.3織物對壓縮破損之影響………………………………57
4.3.4壓縮測試之顯微觀察…………………………………61
4.4剪切測試分析……………………………………………...70
4.4.1試片之破損……………………………………………70
4.4.2溫度對剪切破損之影響………………………………71
4.4.3織物對剪切破損之影響………………………………71
4.4.4剪切測試之顯微觀察………………………………....80
第5章 結論……………………………………………….………87
參考文獻……………………………………………………………...88
作者簡介與致謝………………………………………………………90

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