本研究探討低密度聚乙烯包材吸附去除模式系統及烘烤鴨皮中多環芳香族碳氫化合物 (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，PAHs) 的效果，利用氣相層析儀鑑定各PAHs，並評估使用UV照射對低密度聚乙烯中PAHs的影響。模式系統採用水溶液、油水溶液及油水乳化溶液當作介質，結果發現隨著作用時間的增加，五種致癌性PAHs的吸附量皆有增加的趨勢。包材在作用24小時內對五種PAHs便可達到總吸附量的50%以上，但隨著作用時間的增加，吸附速率皆有下降的趨勢。烘烤鴨皮真空包裝於低密度聚乙烯袋24小時後，其benz(a)anthracene、benzo(b)fluoranthene及benzo(a)pyrene含量分別減少8.01 %、54.27 %及73.02 %，且以benzo(a)pyrene減少量最多。在UV (254 nm)照射1小時後，五種PAHs於低密度聚乙烯中的含量無顯著地改變。在照射2小時後，除indeno(1, 2, 3-c,d)pyrene外，其餘PAHs的殘存百分率 (85.92 — 92%) 皆有隨著照射時間的增加而明顯減少的趨勢。經UV照射3小時後，除indeno(1, 2, 3-c,d)pyrene外，各PAHs的殘存百分率 (70.75 — 83.97%) 均再明顯減少，且以benzo(a)pyrene的殘存量最低。低密度聚乙烯可在24小時之內達到良好的吸附效果，因此利用低密度聚乙烯包材確實可吸附去除加工肉品中PAHs，配合UV照射處理吸附作用後的包材可減少再污染的發生，此技術應有很高的可行性及實用性。

The feasibility of removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in model systems and roasted duck by sorption on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was studied. PAHs were identified and quantified using gas chromatography, and the reduction of PAHs adsorbed on LDPE after exposed to UV irradiation was also investigated. Media of aqueous, oil-water, and emulsion were employed in model systems. Results showed that the adsorption of five carcinogenic PAHs on LDPE was increased as duration increased. More than 50 % of the total adsorption was noticed within 24 hours for all PAHs in model systems, and the adsorption rate of PAHs by LDPE was decreased as duration increased after then. The decrease of the adsorbed amounts of benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene in roasted duck packaged vacuum in LDPE bags after 24 hours was found, and the reduction were 8.01 %, 54.27 % and 73.02 %, respectively. No significant decrease of the five PAHs adsorbed on LDPE after UV irradiation (254 nm) for 1 hr was observed. The residual PAHs (ranged 85.92 — 92 %) on LDPE after UV irradiation for 2 hr decreased significantly, and the effect was associated with the increase of irradiation time, except indeno(1, 2, 3-c,d)pyrene. The residual PAHs (ranged 70.75 — 83.97%) in LDPE after irradiation for 3 hours were found to be significantly decreased except indeno(1, 2, 3-c,d)pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene was noticed as the most sensitive to UV among PAHs. Conclusively, most of the PAHs adsorption on LDPE occurred within 24 hr in the model studies, and the removal of PAHs in roasted meat by sorption on LDPE was achieved. Possible contamination caused by the PAHs on LDPE is avoided by UV irradiation. Therefore, the technology may be achievable and useful.

目錄
頁次
第一章、前言---------------------------------------------------1
第二章、文獻回顧-----------------------------------------------4
一、PAHs的簡介-------------------------------------------------4
(一) PAHs的性質------------------------------------------------4
(二) PAHs的形成機制--------------------------------------------4
(三) PAHs在環境中的分布情形------------------------------------8
(四) PAHs的生理毒性--------------------------------------------8
(五) PAHs的分析-----------------------------------------------11
二、加工肉品中PAHs生成條件的探討------------------------------14
(一)加熱時間--------------------------------------------------14
(二)脂肪含量--------------------------------------------------16
(三)加工方式--------------------------------------------------16
三、塑膠包材對PAHs的吸附--------------------------------------20
(一)塑膠包材吸附作用的原理------------------------------------20
(二)影響塑膠包材吸附物質的因素--------------------------------20
(三)PE包材吸附水溶液中PAHs的情形------------------------------21
(四)PE包材吸附水及油溶液中多氯聯苯的情形----------------------31
(五)PE包材吸附食品中PAHs的情形--------------------------------31
(六)含有PAHs的PE包材回收之污染問題----------------------------34
(七)UV照射對PE包材中PAHs的影響--------------------------------34
第三章、材料與方法--------------------------------------------37一、試驗材料--------------------------------------------------37
(一) PAHs標準物質及試劑---------------------------------------37
(二)溶劑------------------------------------------------------37
(三)包裝膜----------------------------------------------------37
(四)乳化劑----------------------------------------------------37
(五)肉品樣本--------------------------------------------------37
二、儀器設備--------------------------------------------------38
(一)氣相色層分析儀--------------------------------------------38
(二)旋轉真空濃縮機--------------------------------------------38
(三)真空包裝機------------------------------------------------38
(四)UV照射器--------------------------------------------------38
(五)烤箱------------------------------------------------------38
(六)超音波震盪器----------------------------------------------38
(七)快速油脂萃取裝置------------------------------------------38
(八)可程式黏度計----------------------------------------------38
三、試驗方法--------------------------------------------------39
(一)模式系統的吸附試驗----------------------------------------39
1、模式系統溶液之製備-----------------------------------------39
2、包裝膜之製備與前處理---------------------------------------39
3、吸附儲存試驗-----------------------------------------------39
4、溶液中PAHs之萃取-------------------------------------------40
5、包裝膜中PAHs之萃取-----------------------------------------40
6、回收率的測定-----------------------------------------------40
7、溶液與包材中PAHs的定量-------------------------------------40
8、溶液黏度的測定---------------------------------------------40
(二)以氣相色層分析法同步分離十六種PAHs------------------------44
1、GC之條件---------------------------------------------------44
2、五種致癌性PAHs之定量迴歸曲線製備---------------------------44
(三)肉品包裝試驗----------------------------------------------44
1、肉品加工---------------------------------------------------44
2、包裝膜之製備與前處理---------------------------------------44
3、儲存試驗---------------------------------------------------44
4、鴨皮中PAHs之皂化萃取---------------------------------------45
5、PAHs萃取液之純化-------------------------------------------45
6、鴨皮中PAHs的定量-------------------------------------------45
7、鴨皮中PAHs的鑑定-------------------------------------------45
(四)UV照射包材中PAHs之試驗------------------------------------48
1、包裝膜之製備與前處理---------------------------------------48
2、照射試驗---------------------------------------------------48
3、包裝膜中PAHs之萃取-----------------------------------------48
(五)統計分析--------------------------------------------------50
第四章、結果與討論--------------------------------------------51
一、以氣相色層分析法同步分離十六種PAHs------------------------51
二、PAHs之定量------------------------------------------------57
三、利用模式系統探討包材吸附去除PAHs之情形--------------------63
(一)水溶液模式系統--------------------------------------------63
(二)油水溶液模式系統------------------------------------------67
(三)油水乳化溶液模式系統--------------------------------------71
四、介質對包材吸附PAHs之影響----------------------------------75
五、包材吸附去除加工肉品中PAHs之效果--------------------------83
六、UV照射對LDPE膜中PAHs含量之影響----------------------------86
第五章、結論--------------------------------------------------89
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------90

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