臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

論文摘要
本研究的目的在於HVF版策略事業部撤離模式的建立，以了解各層級經理人的角色扮演與公司策略決策的過程，並從個案研究中，呈現個案撤離過程的成功與失敗經驗，以供企業管理者的參考。在研究過程中，研究者利用B-B過程模式工具進行個案研究，使用田野調查與檔案研究的方法進行個案資料蒐集，並運用紮根理論於資料的編碼整理，最後理論模式的建構。
本研究結合混沌理論、演化理論與資源基礎理論的概念，在田野資料研究中發現的相關命題綜合描述有，1.公司的策略脈絡與結構脈絡通常是在反應高階管理者的策略意圖，並影響著中階管理者的策略承諾，進而影響企業集團各事業部的地位。2. 策略事業部( SBU )可以概念化為企業集團的一項資產，以資源組合與選擇觀點，可能進行購置與撤離，且其重要性受外部的選擇壓力造成經營績效的改變影響。3. 外部環境變形、企業政策與事業部資源能力是影響策略事業部策略地位的三大因素。4. 企業處於複雜階段，明確的組織定位與政策使組織趨向穩定，激勵因子與紀律因子是企業撤離過程的穩定機制。本研究並建立組織的動態三相模型結構，混沌、複雜與秩序，說明組織必須維持適度的衝突，以保持組織創新能力，可以消除組織結構惰性與對抗外部選擇壓力。本研究HVF版SBE模式的建立，證實B-B過程模式在概念化策略過程管理活動的有效性。
關鍵字 : 跨國企業，混沌理論，資源基礎，策略演化，事業部撤離

Abstract
In this paper , the purpose of research is to establish the HVF Strategic Business Exit ( SBE ) process model , through case study for investigating of multilevel managerial activities and corporate strategy making , and reflects all experiences which succeed and failed during this business exit process for reference . During this research, the researcher capitalizes the Bower-Burgelman process model (B-B Model) in case study, use the methodology of field study and archival research for data collection, and create the proposed theory model through coding the collected data by grounded theory.
Combining with Chaos theory, Evolution theory and Resource-Based theory, the field-based data provides the evidence to show up some propositions, 1. The corporate strategy context and structural context reflects top managers’ strategic intent , and influences the strategic commitments of middle managers , the position of every business group will be shifted in this manner , 2. Strategic Business Unit ( SBU ) maybe conceptualized as a part of corporate assets , acquisition and exit happen from this point view of resource combination and selection , it also is influenced by external selection forces that responses management performance of SBU , 3. three key factors influence the positioning of SBU , external variations , corporate policies and the competencies of SBU , 4. the more clearness of position and policy of organization , the more stable during complexity period , and motivation and discipline is two key factors to form the stable mechanism during business exit activity . Under this research , the organizational dynamics framework was created , there are three phases, Chaos、Complexity and Order ， it explains that the innovation will be creating if it manages with suitable conflict , and eliminate the organization inertia and against to external selection force . The HVF SBE process model which constructed by this research corroborates the usefulness of Bower-Burgelman process model for conceptualizing strategy making activities .
Keywords : Multinational , Chaos theory , Resource-Based , Strategic Evolution , Strategic Business Exit .

目錄
謝辭……………………………………………………………………………………i
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………ii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………iii
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………vi
表目錄………………………………………………………………………vi
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究背景與動機………………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………… 4
第三節 研究範圍………………………………………………………… 5
第四節 研究流程………………………………………………………… 6
第五節 研究限制………………………………………………………… 8
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………………………10
第一節 混沌理論………………………………………………………… 11
壹、 初始條件的敏感依賴……………………………………………...13
貳、 分歧…………………………………………………………………14
參、 吸子…………………………………………………………………15
肆、 小結…………………………………………………………………17
第二節 演化理論………………………………………………………… 17
壹、 生物演化……………………………………………………………17
貳、 演化與複雜理論…………………………………………………….20
參、 小結…………………………………………………………………..21
第三節 資源基礎理論…………………………………………………… 22
壹、 資源基礎的意涵……………………………………………………..22
貳、 資源的分類…………………………………………………………29
參、 資源特性與競爭優勢………………………………………………31
肆、 小結……………………………………………………………..33
第四節 策略演化理論…………………………………………………… 34
壹、 策略理論的發展…………………………………………………33
貳、 策略的動態觀……………………………………………………36
參、 組織的策略演化限制……………………………………………37
一、 主導邏輯………………………………………………………38
二、 組織常規………………………………………………………39
三、結構惰性………………………………………………………39
肆、 策略演化的過程模式……………………………………………40
一、 變形……………………………………………………………41
二、 選擇……………………………………………………………44
三、保有……………………………………………………………46
伍、小結………………………………………………………………48
第五節 B-B 過程模式…………………………………………………… 48
壹、 策略過程與B-B過程模式………………………………………49
貳、 B-B過程模式的四個子過程…………………………………… 52
參、 B-B過程模式的演化觀………………………………………… 53
第三章 研究方法與研究設計……………………………………………………54
第一節 田野背景簡介………………………………………………………54
壹、 HVF的設立與發展…………………………………………………54
貳、 競爭情勢……………………………………………………………55
參、 田野背景……………………………………………………………56
第二節 研究方法流程………………………………………………………57
第三節 研究設計……………………………………………………………62
第四節 資料收集與資料分析………………………………………………65
壹、 資料收集……………………………………………………………65
貳、 資料分析……………………………………………………………68
第五節 資料之信度與效度…………………………………………………70
第四章 田野研究與SBE過程模式之建立…………………………………………72
第一節 HVF 版之SBE 田野研究之概述…………………………………72
第二節 關鍵演化事件年表……………………………………………………75
第三節 HVF 版SBE過程模式之建立……………………………………….80
壹、 疑慮時期演化………………………………………………………..82
一、 定義……………………………………………………………..83
二、 推動……………………………………………………………..85
三、 策略脈絡………………………………………………………..87
四、 結構脈絡………………………………………………………..89
貳、 收斂時期演化………………………………………………………90
一、 重新定義………………………………………………………91
二、 重新推動………………………………………………………92
三、 決定策略脈絡與結構脈絡…………………………………….93
參、 HVF版事業部撤離( SBE )過程模式……………………………….94
一、 定義……………………………………………………………..95
二、 推動……………………………………………………………..95
三、 策略脈絡………………………………………………………..97
四、 結構脈絡………………………………………………………99
第四節 HVF 版之SBE 動態模型…………………………………………..100
壹、 HVF版SBE過程模式的動態模型………………………………...101
貳、 組織動態三相結構…………………………………………………103
第五節 結論……………………………………………………………….105
壹、 HVF版SBE與Intel版( Burgelman , 1996b )SBE過程模式之比較…………………………………………………………………105
貳、 事業部地位演化的整合性架構………………………………….106
第五章 研究結論與蘊涵………………………………………………………107
第一節 研究命題與討論…………………………………………………107
壹、 公司的策略意圖…………………………………………………107
一、 策略脈絡與結構脈絡……………………………………….107
二、 中階管理層級……………………………………………….109
三、 策略事業部………………………………………………….109
貳、 外部環境的選擇壓力……………………………………………110
一、 分工情勢…………………………………………………….110
二、 外部環境選擇……………………………………………….111
參、 事業部的營運體制與資源能力…………………………………112
一、 營運體制……………………………………………………112
二、 資源能力…………………………………………………….114
肆、 組織穩定結構……………………………………………………116
第二節 研究發現與討論…………………………………………………...117
壹、 HVF版事業部撤離過程模式……………………………………117
貳、 HVF版SBE過程模式的動態模型……………………………..118
參、 組織結構動態三相………………………………………………119
肆、 事業部地位演化的整合性架構…………………………………119
伍、 四大命題、事業部能力演化關係架構與組織穩定架構………120
第三節 理論與實務蘊涵…………………………………………………..121
壹、 理論貢獻…………………………………………………………121
貳、 實務蘊涵…………………………………………………………122
第四節 後續研究之建議…………………………………………………..124
參考資料…………………………………………………………………………127
圖目錄
圖1.1 研究構念架構……………………………………………………………….. 6
圖1.2 研究流程………………………………………………………………………8
圖 2.1 文獻探討架構………………………………………………………………10
圖 2.2 演化概念模型………………………………………………………………20
圖 2.3 資源基礎理論的策略分析架構……………………………………………25
圖 2.4 創造競爭優勢的循環模式…………………………………………………27
圖2.5 持續性競爭優勢過程模式…………………………………………………28
圖2.6 以資源為基礎的策略分析架構……………………………………………28
圖 2.7 企業營運循環………………………………………………………………36
圖 2.8 管理活動在B-B過程模式實例……………………………………………51
圖3.1 本研究之研究方法流程圖…………………………………………………61
圖3.2 簡化 B-B 過程模式矩陣結構……………………………………………69
圖3.3 B-B過程模式矩陣結構……………………………………………………69
圖4.1 HVF版SBE策略活動演化時程圖………………………………………….74
圖4.2疑慮時期策略過程田野資料語譯( 1997’06 — 2000’08 )……………………90
圖4.3收斂時期策略過程田野資料語譯( 2000’08 — 2001’10 )……………………94
圖4.4HVF版本的SBE過程模式…………………………………………………100
圖4.5HVF版SBE過程模式的動態模型…………………………………………102
圖4.6組織結構動態三相關係……………………………………………………..105
圖4.7事業部地位演化的整合性架構…………………………………………….106
圖5.1企業事業部能力演化「企業政策---外部選擇-策略-能力-系統-結構-知識-資源」關係架構……………………………………………………………………115
圖5.2 組織撤離的穩定架構………………………………………………………117
表目錄
表2.1策略性資源的內涵………………………………………………………31
表2.2 資源特性與競爭優勢的相關論點………………………………………32
表3.1全球電子交易終端機市場佔有率前十大企業…………………………55
表3.2 美國電子交易終端機市場佔有率前五大企業…………………………55
表3.3 從個案研究來建立理論之過程…………………………………………64
表3.4 受訪單位與人員清單……………………………………………………66
表 4.1 HVF公司演化重要記事…………………………………………………….76

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