臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
知識的創建不僅可以為組織建立強大的競爭能力，知識的累積更可以視為延續組織生命的關鍵。具備效率與效能的組織，其必須能夠進行良善的知識管理，將組織的知識資產記錄、分類、儲存與擴散，才得以創造他人無可仿效的競爭優勢(Grant, 1996a)。由於科技的倍速創新，使得全球市場躍然而起，技術快速興衰，面對如此龐大的壓力，組織如能以更迅速、更有效的組織間合作方式取得外部知識與技術，已成為組織成功的必備要素之一。
然組織間若進行合作之策略聯盟，無論從成本、策略或學習的角度來看，均會衍生出複雜的組織間關係，透過對此一關係的槓桿(levering)運用，以加速組織對於外部知識的取得與移轉，獲致關係組(relational rent)，本研究將之稱為組織社會資本對組織學習績效之影響。而組織的學習能力之強弱，則會影響組織對外部知識內部化的結果。易言之，知識接收端必須藉由組織學習的手段，才能有效的將所接收的知識吸收、適應、擴散，進而應用組織生產或變革之中，提升組織的競爭優勢與績效。本研究據此為題並進一步探討：何謂組織社會資本？組織學習之意涵為何？社會資本如何影響組織學習績效？學習能力如何影響組織學習績效？學習能力在社會資本與組織學習績效中扮演何種角色？
本研究以參與工研院科技專案廠商為研究對象，並採取問卷調查方式，驗證本研究之理論假設，實證結果包括：（一）組織間連結關係、對工研院之信任關係、對廠商之認知關係均有助學習績效之提升；（二）組織學習能力對組織學習績效有直接且正面支提振效果；（三）組織學習能力之高低對於組織藉由社會資本提升學習績效之過程有顯著影響。
關鍵詞：組織社會資本、學習能力、組織學習績效

Abstract
The creation of knowledge can not only establish great competitive power to an organization, but also being a key to extend an organization’s life by accumulated it. An efficient and effective organization has to possess “knowledge management”, which means to record, arrange, store and extend the knowledge in order to gain the competitive advantage and cannot been substituted.
Due to the science and technology develop rapidly, the single market have already being replaced by the global market. Under the high pressure, organizations have to gain the external knowledge and technology through the internal cooperation more rapidly and effectively. The necessary factors for organization.
However, based on the cost, strategy or learning, the alliance of interorganizational cooperating will make the interorganizational relationship more complicated.By leveraging these relationships, an organization can accelerate to obtain and transfer the external knowledge, and then gets relational rents. As a result, the process is called “the effectiveness of social capital in organizational learning performance”. Besides, the learning competence will effect the result that an organization makes external knowledge internally. On the other hand, knowledge receiver should absorb, adapt, spread and use knowledge in producing and revolution by the method of learning, so that organization can enhance its competitive advantage and performance.
According to the subject we have discussed above , we will probe into: what is the social capital of an organization? What is the meaning of organizational learning? How will the organizational learning performance be influenced by social capital and organizational learning competence? which role that organizational learning competence should play between social capital and organizational learning performance?
The empirical results include that: (1)the connection with other partners, trust in ITRI R＆D consortia, and recognition between partners can raise the organizational learning performance (2)organizational learning competence have the positive and direct effect on the organizational learning performance. (3) the degree of the learning competence will influence the process of organization to enhance its learning performance significantly.
Key words: social capital of organization; learning competence; organizational learning performance.

目錄
第一章 緒論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
第一節 研究動機與背景. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
第二節 研究目的與問題. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
第三節 研究流程. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
第二章 文獻探討. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
第一節 合作研發聯盟. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
第二節 組織學習績效. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
第三節 社會資本理論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
第四節 組織學習. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
第三章 研究方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
第一節 研究架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
第二節 變數操作性定義與衡量. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
第三節 研究對象與研究設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
第四節 資料分析方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
第五節 整體信度與效度分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
第四章 資料分析與實證研究. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
第一節 廠商基本資料分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
第二節 本研究各構面之因素分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
第三節 各研究變項之相關分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
第四節 本研究各主要構面之迴歸分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
第五節 調節變項對主要構念間迴歸分析之影響. . . . . . . .73
第五章 結論與建議. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
第一節 研究結論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
第二節 學術貢獻與實務建議. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
第三節 研究限制與研究建議. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
參考文獻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
中文部分. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
英文部分. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
附錄一 本研究問卷
表次
表2-3-1 有關社會資本定義之整理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
表2-4-1 各學者對組織學習的定義. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
表3-2-1 本研究相關變項之衡量. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
表3-3-1 問卷設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
表3-3-2 問卷回收統計表. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
表3-3-3 郵寄與網路問卷回收樣本特性之t檢定結果. . . . . . . .43
表3-5-1 本研究之研究變項信度Cronbach’s α值. . . . . . . . .48
表4-1-1 廠商所屬產業別分布. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
表4-1-2 樣本廠商2001年營業額. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
表4-1-3 樣本廠商研發投入佔營業額之比重. . . . . . . . . . . . .52
表4-1-4 工研院單位. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
表4-1-5 研究變項之描述性統計分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
表4-2-1 組織之社會資本因素結構分析表. . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
表4-2-2 組織學習能力因素結構分析表. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
表4-2-3 組織學習績效因素結構分析表. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
表4-3-1 各變項相關分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
表4-4-1 組織之社會資本對知識績效之複迴歸分析. . . . . . . . .69
表4-4-2 組織之社會資本對管理績效之複迴歸分析. . . . . . . . .70
表4-4-3 組織學習能力對知識績效之複迴歸分析. . . . . . . . . .71
表4-4-4 組織學習能力對管理績效之複迴歸分析. . . . . . . . . .72
表4-5-1 學習能力敘述統計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
表4-5-2 調節變項對各迴歸式之影響彙總表. . . . . . . . . . . .75
表5-1-1 研究假設檢定結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
圖次
圖1-3-1 研究流程圖. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
圖3-1-1 本研究之觀念性架構圖. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
圖3-4-1 本研究之資料分析方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
圖4-4-1 複迴歸分析架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
圖4-5-1 調節變項對主要構念間迴歸分析之影響. . . . . . . . . .73

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