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研究生:劉宗豪
研究生(外文):Tzung-hao Liou
論文名稱:混凝土內部鋼筋定位之新檢測法
論文名稱(外文):A New Technique for Loacting Reinforcing Bars in Concrete
指導教授:林宜清林宜清引用關係
指導教授(外文):Yiching Lin
學位類別:博士
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:土木工程學系
學門:工程學門
學類:土木工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2002
畢業學年度:90
語文別:中文
論文頁數:159
中文關鍵詞:鋼筋保護層厚度鋼筋定位非破壞性檢測應力波
外文關鍵詞:Cover ThicknessLocating Reinforcing BarsNDTStress Wave
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  • 下載下載:26
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隨著科技發達,土木工程技術也愈來愈精進,追求結構物的高度與跨度已成為技術表現的象徵,而高大結構體內部的鋼筋密度更是超過昔日。對於鋼筋排列間距較小且保護層厚度較厚的情形之下,單以目前的磁電法技術來進行鋼筋之定位似乎已顯不足。本文即提出一套以應力波原理為基礎的新檢測技術來進行混凝土結構內部鋼筋之定位量測,該技術是利用應力波在鋼筋的傳導速度高於混凝土的特性,利用適當的儀器配置使得遠端接收器的起始擾動訊號由鋼筋折射訊號所控制,進而從波到時間量測保護層厚度,而隨著測點與鋼筋軸心線距離的加大,所量測的保護層視深度亦隨之增加,利用該特性進行全斷面的保護層厚度檢測,可同時得到保護層厚度以及鋼筋位置,搭配改良後的電腦軟體,更使得整個試驗程序更加自動化以及圖像化。試驗結果顯示,當鋼筋排列間距較小(或是束筋)時,磁電法受到相鄰鋼筋嚴重干擾,而低估真實的保護層厚度。當鋼筋埋置深度較深時,應力波法則因波傳的特性,在鋼筋愈緊密的狀況下,應力波折射愈明顯,雖然在鋼筋埋置深度達0.09m以上時,鋼筋定位較為困難,但是量測得到的保護層厚度仍然不受相鄰鋼筋之影響。
With great progress in technology, there is a trend to build higher and larger structures. The arrangement of reinforcing bars in these huge and sophisticated structures are denser and more complicated than usual structures. Conventionally, instruments based on the magnetic and electric method, called covermeters, are used to locate reinforcing bars in concrete. The covermeters are not suitable for the case of closely arranged reinforcing bars. There is a need to develop an alternative technique for locating the steel bars with small spacing. A new technique proposed in this thesis is based on stress wave propagation. The conception of the new test scheme is originated from the fact that the P-wave speed in steel bar is higher than that in concrete. For an appropriate instrument arrangement, the receiver can easily record the initial disturbance caused by the P-wave arrival refracted from the reinforcing bar, and then the travel time of the P-wave can be used to determine the cover thickness of the bar. When the test line is not on the top of a reinforcing bar, the measured apparent cover thickness of the bar will increase with increasing distance from the test line to the reinforcing bar. Therefore, when one performs a scan test on a specimen across the reinforcing bars, the position and the cover thickness of the reinforcing bars can be determined by identifying the relatively minimum values of the measured apparent cover thickness. Experimental results obtained from covermeters show that the interaction between magnetic and electrical field caused by adjacent reinforcing bars results in underestimating the concrete cover thickness and the interaction makes reinforcing bars with small spacing difficulty to locate. In contrast to the magnetic and electric method, the stress wave technique is not affected by adjacent reinforcing bars and can measure accurately the cover thickness of reinforcing bars even bundled together up to a depth of 100mm. However, it is hard to locate the position for reinforcing bars apart 80mm at a depth more than 90mm. A program is developed in this thesis to visualize the results of a scan test.
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 混凝土結構鋼筋保護層厚度檢測方法文獻回顧 3
2-1檢測方法回顧 3
2-1-1 電磁波法 3
2-1-2 磁電法 6
2-1-3 敲擊回音法 9
2-1-4 應力波折射法 13
2-2 研究動機 18
第三章 數值分析 20
3-1 純混凝土表面波動訊號介紹 22
3-2 測線在鋼筋正上方之應力波傳分析 24
3-3 測線非在鋼筋正上方之應力波傳分析 26
第四章 試體規劃製作及儀器設備 29
4-1 試體規劃製作 29
4-2 儀器設備 31
第五章 一般鋼筋保護層厚度之檢測 34
5-1 試驗方法 34
5-2 波速量測 38
5-2-1 鋼筋對於波速量測之影響 40
5-2-2 波速量測配置距離之建議 44
5-2-3 各試體波速量測結果 46
5-3鋼筋保護層厚度為0.04m之檢測 50
5-3-1 測線在鋼筋正上方之量測 50
5-3-2 測線非在鋼筋正上方之量測 52
5-4 鋼筋保護層厚度為0.06m之檢測 53
5-5 具橫向箍筋之鋼筋保護層厚度量測 56
第六章 深層鋼筋與束筋之保護層厚度量測 58
6-1鋼筋保護層厚度為0.07m之檢測 58
6-2 鋼筋保護層厚度為0.09m之檢測 60
6-3束筋之保護層厚度量測 62
6-3-1 束筋埋置深度為0.04m 63
6-3-2 束筋埋置深度為0.09m 64
6-3-3 束筋埋置深度為0.10m 64
6-4 磁電法鋼筋保護層厚度檢測結果 65
第七章 鋼筋間距量測結果分析與討論 68
第八章 鋼筋檢測軟體介紹 77
第九章 結論、建議與未來展望 81
9-1 結論及建議 81
9-2 未來展望 83
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