臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
1995年彩色非晶系薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器(Color amorphous TFT-LCD)完成大面積顯示器 (³10.4吋)之量產技術，大放光芒，引起全球震憾，使得TFT LCD被先進國家認為是繼半導體後最具有潛力之明星產業，於未來十年內極有可能發展成新產業之米。而結合奈米技術 (Nanotechnology)的開發，輕、薄、短、小之紙電腦 (Paper computer)將指日可待，屆時人類之生活更為便利而舒適，進而促成以平面顯示器 (Flat plate displayer)為主軸之新商業活動體系。為此，本論文研究高光學密度(Optical density)超薄型黑色矩陣(Black matrix)用碳黑分散液製備，欲使黑色光阻微影能夠直接作在薄膜電晶體基板上，增加TFT LCD之開口率與解析度，以因應短小輕薄且高畫質之FPD的需求。
本研究分別採用原始粒徑小於16nm之CARBOT高碳黑及大於16nm之CARBOT中碳黑，建立一套碳黑分散液之配製方法，其關鍵程序歸納如下：藉由分散液(a)儲存前後的黏度變化選擇相容的分散劑種類；(b)在剪切應力作用下所形成之最小降服應力(Yield stress)來決定適當的分散劑量；及(c)以共溶劑降低表面張力，使得壓克力樹脂能夠滲透到碳黑顆粒的叢束中，因而增加碳黑粒子的分散程度，且使系統達到良好之穩定性。據此，並控制不同分散劑、壓克力樹脂、碳黑等添加量，及潤濕製程與分散粒子大小，且使用原子力顯微鏡觀察為佐證，獲得以下重要結論：
(a) 當分散劑添加量達到最適化，則可獲得較高光學密度(>3μm)與電阻抗(>1011Ω/□)之碳黑分散液。
(b) 對於碳黑分散液的光學密度，以M-900高碳黑最高；其次為Regal 660R中碳黑；而Mogul L中碳黑為最差，此顯示與碳黑原有的特性著色力有關，因此在選擇碳黑的材料是極為重要的。
(c) 以溶劑潤濕能增加碳黑分散液的光學密度；而以壓克力樹脂(ETBA-02)潤濕的分散液，雖光學密度會稍微下降，但卻能提昇碳黑的電阻抗，因為樹脂會在碳黑粒子表面形成電絕緣層，故降低碳黑的導電性。
(d) 表面改質愈多的碳黑與壓克力樹脂的相容性愈高，使得樹脂提高了潤濕效果，促進碳黑的分散。
(e)由分散液之流變分析，並藉由熱重損失分析驗證，固含量為100%之分散劑的添加量大約等於2.02~2.41 mg/m2之碳黑比表面積。
關鍵詞：薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器、黑色矩陣、碳黑分散液、光學密度、電阻抗

目 錄
中文摘要------------------------------------------------------------------- I
英文摘要------------------------------------------------------------------- III
致謝------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV
目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------- V
表目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------- VII
圖目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------- IX
第一章 緒論--------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-1 前言------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-2 文獻回顧------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-3 研究動機與目的---------------------------------------------------------- 7
1-4 研究方法------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
1-5 本論文架構---------------------------------------------------------------- 9
第二章 理論與基礎------------------------------------------------------ 10
2-1 碳黑顏料的基本特性---------------------------------------------------- 10
2-2 碳黑顏料的光電特性---------------------------------------------------- 19
2-3 分散程序------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
2-4 分散效果評估方法------------------------------------------------------- 31
2-5 光電特性量測方法------------------------------------------------------- 42
第三章 碳黑顏料之分散液製備--------------------------------------- 44
3-0 本章摘要------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
3-1 實驗材料------------------------------------------------------------------- 45
3-2 實驗儀器與設備---------------------------------------------------------- 48
3-3 實驗方法------------------------------------------------------------------- 49
3-3-1 分散劑選擇--------------------------------------------------------- 49
3-3-2 分散劑添加比例--------------------------------------------------- 50
3-3-3 溶劑表面張力測試------------------------------------------------ 51
3-3-4 碳黑固含量與分散效果------------------------------------------ 53
3-3-5 碳黑粒子表面吸附特性------------------------------------------ 55
3-4 結果討論------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
3-5 本章結論------------------------------------------------------------------- 64
第四章 碳黑分散液之光電特性研究--------------------------------- 78
4-0 本章摘要------------------------------------------------------------------- 78
4-1 實驗材料------------------------------------------------------------------- 79
4-2 實驗儀器與設備---------------------------------------------------------- 79
4-3 分散液配方對光電特性之影響---------------------------------------- 79
4-3-1 分散劑添加量對光電特性之影響------------------------------ 81
4-3-2 樹脂含量對光電特性之影響------------------------------------ 82
4-3-3 潤濕製程對光電特性之影響------------------------------------ 84
4-3-4 碳黑固含量對光電特性之影響--------------------------------- 86
4-4 分散效果對光電特性之影響------------------------------------------- 88
4-5 結果討論------------------------------------------------------------------- 89
4-6 本章結論------------------------------------------------------------------- 93
第五章 綜合結論與未來延續工作------------------------------------ 113
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------- 115

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